过去进行时

基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。结构肯定句主语+be（was,were)+现在分词+其他。如：MysonwaslearningEnglishinUSlastyear.否定句主语+be(was,were)not+现在分词+其他。如：Itwasnotrainingthen.疑问句一般疑问句：Be(Was,Were)+主语+现在分词+其他？特殊疑问句：1.疑问词+be(was,were)+现在分词+其他？（疑问词做主语）2.疑问词+be(was,were)+主语+现在分词+其他？•现在分词的构成•1)一般动词在词尾加-ing,读[iη],如go-going。•2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing。•come-coming•make-making•write-writing•3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾以一个辅音字母结尾,应先双写这个字母,再加ing,x和w结尾的除外。•如:get-getting•swim-swimming•show-showing•4)以字母y结尾的单词,直接加ing。•如carrying、playing、studying。•5)以字母ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing。•die→dyinglie→lying用法1.过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。如：Hefellasleepwhenhewasreading.他看书时睡着了。2.过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。如：Iwaswonderingifyoucouldgivemealift.我不知你能否让我搭一下车【注】一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进行时显得更客气，更不肯定。能否让我搭一下车。3.过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与always,forever,continually等副词连用。如：Theywerealwaysquarrelling.他们老是吵架。4.动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。比较：Hewasfriendly.他很友好。(指过去长期如此)Hewasbeingfriendly.他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现)一般过去时与过去进行时的区别1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。比较：Shewrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚给朋友写了封信。(信写完了)Shewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。(信不一定写完)2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。如：Shewavedtome.她朝我挥了挥手。Shewaswavingtome.她一直朝我挥手。3、句中有amomentago，thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while,atthattime,justnow之类的短语一般用一般过去时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作IwastalkingtoTomtheotherday．那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。典型的例子1)Mary___adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes答案C.割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，玛丽在做衣服时提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2)Asshe___thenewspaper,Granny___asleep.read；wasfallingB.wasreading；fellC.wasreading；wasfallingD.read；fell答案B.句中的as=when,while，意为当……之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的fell(fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fallsick。以when,while及as引导的时间状语从句延续性动词：指动作可以延续一段时间，而不是瞬间结束。如：work、study、drink、eat等。非延续性动词：指动作极为短暂，瞬间结束如：start、begin、jump、knock等。•1.当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时,用while,when或as引导。•Eg：Iwasdrawingthepicturewhenmyfriendcame.•Jonewastalkingwithhisclassmateswhenteachercalledhim.•当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时,不可用while。•Eg:Hewasonthepointofleavingwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.•如果谈论两个长动作,最常用的是while。Eg:WhileJohnwassittingbitinghisnails,Iwasworkingoutaplantogetushome.如果表示两个短动作或事件同时发生,常用as或justas,也可用when。Justashecaughttheball,therewasatearingsound当他抓住球的时候,有一种撕裂的声音。•6.Tomburnthishandwhenhe____thedinner.A.cookedB.wascookingC.hasbeencookingD.hadcooked注意:在上述所列的动词中,个别的也能用进行时态,但其词义发生了转变.Ihearthegirlsinging.WearehearingatalkonthehistoryofAmerica.Ihaveacomputer.Iamhavinglunch.过去进行时与一般过去时的区别过去进行时表示的动作在过去某个时间正在进行,可能完成,也可能没完成。一般过去时表示动作或状态已经结束。Mary____________aletterlastnight.玛丽昨晚整晚都在写信。Mary____________aletterlastnight.玛丽昨晚写了封信。waswritingwroteExercises1.He____________(notwork)atthattime.2.Whentheteacher_____(come)in,they_________(talk)loudly.3.What_____you______(read)lastnight?wasn'tworkingcameweretalkingwerereadingdidread4.Hismother_______(return)whilehe_________(do)hishomework.5.Myfather___________(watch)TVwhilemymother_________(cook).returnedwasdoingwaswatchingwascooking用动词的适当形式填空(一般现在时、过去时、将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时）1.She__________(do)herhomeworkthistimeyesterday.2.Theteacher_________(help)hisstudentswiththeirlessonsnow.3.He__________(make)progresseveryday.4.She_____________(read)astory-bookatsevenyesterdayevening.5.It____________(rain)hardnow.6.Thestudents_________(get)readyforthepicnicthesedays.wasdoingishelpingmakeswasreadingisrainingaregetting7.They_________(visit)thesciencemuseumnextMonday.8.Look,they__________(play)videogames.9.We__________(do)somecleaningatthattime.10.______thestudents_____(like)learningEnglish?11._____you______(have)agoodtimelastSunday?willvisitareplayingweredoingDolikeDidhave12.____he________(study)Englishfrom7to9lastnight?13.Listen,she________(sing).14.He________________(notwork)inthefactorythesedays.15.It’seighto’clock.Thestudents_____________(have)anEnglishlesson.Wasstudyingissingingisn’tworkingarehaving单项选择题1.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell,wasridingB.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rodeD.hadfallen,wasriding2.Tom___intothehousewhennoone___.A.slipped,waslookingB.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlookedD.wasslipping,looked3.ThelasttimeI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.A.hadseen,waspickingB.saw,pickedC.hadseen,pickedD.saw,waspicking4.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared5.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked6.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!---Oh,I’mterriblysorry.________.A.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticedD.Ididn’tnotice7.ThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel8.I___mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.A.hadB.hadbeenhavingC.havebeenhavingD.washaving填入以下单词的正确形式1.Itwaswarm,soI________offmycoat(take).2.John_________(take)aphotographofmewhileI__________(not/look).3.Jane______________________(wait)formewhenI__________(arrive).4.WhenIwasyoung,I____________(want)tobeabusdriver.5.Mybrothercameintothebedroomwhil