高考英语阅读技巧训练

高考英语阅读技巧CONTENT高考阅读4篇——30分，25%题材多样，包括日常生活，传说，人物，社会，文化，史地，科技，政治，经济等；体裁多样，应包括记叙文，描写文，说明文，议论文，应用文等。难点一——词汇障碍生词，熟词生义下题中划线的词可换为：NewYork,10November,5:27p.m.,yesterday.Biggestpowerfailureinthecity’shistory.A.enoughB.notpassingC.lackofD.lack分析：本题正确答案为D。failure是fail变来的名词，有“失败；失败者；失败的事”的意思。本句powerfailure可翻译为“停电”。再如：cropfailure“庄稼欠收”；heartfailure“心力衰竭”。猜词义法一——构词法Exhibitionofficialssaidthatapersonbittenbyoneofthesesnakeswouldneedatleast80mlofananti-poisonmedicinetobesaved.分析：anti-poison是由poison加前缀anti-构成的，anti-意思是“反对、排斥、抵抗”，由此可猜出anti-poison是“解毒、抗毒”的意思。AlthoughsimplifiedChinesecharacterswereacceptedforusemanyyearsago,itseemsthatmoreandmorepeoplelikeChinesecharactersinthecomplexform.分析：simplified跟simple是同根词，带有-ed显然是过去分词形式的形容词。许多年以前我们采用了什么跟“简单”有关的汉字呢？不难想到是“简化的”汉字。猜词义法二——利用常识经验RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans_______.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingup分析：本题正确答案为B。由常识可知，雨林可以“吸收”空气中CO2。所以mopup意为“吸收、吸纳”，故选B。猜词义法三——利用词性转换TheagingofthepopulationwillaffectAmericansocietyinmanyways-education,medicine,andbusiness.Theunderlinedwork“aging”means______.A.countingthenumberofyearssomeonelivesB.thenumbersofyearssomeonelivesC.becomingolderD.makingsomeonelookingolder分析：本题正确答案为C。我们熟悉的是age作名词用时是“年龄”的意思，而此处是作动词用，意思是“老化”。难点二——阅读速度慢About2000words,60words/min,45min阅读方法——耗费时间干扰项阅读方法一——先看题目首先，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题其次，找出题眼，快速定位最后，能迅速了解文章内容，有利于排除干扰项（1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容（3）与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反（5）部分正确，部分错误阅读方法二——略读，细读略读（skimming）——找关键词，找主题句，对名称、日期、地点多加留意细读（scanning）——根据关键词，题眼找细节阅读方法三——把握文章特点记叙文——人物，时间，地点，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开议论文——论点、论据、结论说明文——下定义，举例子应用文——广告、手册，提供信息，缩略词，语法简略，找关键词题型主旨题（包括加标题）细节题字面理解题推断题（包括词义，句义，观点态度）主旨题Questionforms:1.Themainidea/keypoint/purpose/subjectmatterofthispassageisthat_________.2.Fromthepassagewelearn/canconcludethat________.3.Thelastparagraphischieflyconcernedwith_________.4.What’sthebesttitle/headlineforthepassage?5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?Skills:Findouttopic/keysentences主题句找法：文章开头，结尾，中间（归纳，演绎）由若干中心句合并组成并无明显中心句，需要自己概括2009年A篇Thereisnoconvincingevidencethatsocialconditioning,thefactthatgirls'motherstalkedthemmore,isthereasonwhygirlstalkmorethanboys.PsychiatristDrMichaelLewis,authorSocialBehaviourandLanguageAcquisition,conductedexperimentsthatfoundmotherstalkedtoandlookedat,babygirlsmoreoftenthanbabyboys.Scientificevidenceshowsparentsresthebrainbiasoftheirchildren.Sinceagirl'sbrainisbetterorganizedtosendandreceivespeech,wethereforetalktothemmore.Consequently,motherswhotrytotalktotheirsonsareusuallypointedtoreceiveonlyshortgruntsinreply.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusmost?A.Women'sbrainsarebetterorganizedforlanguageandcommunicationB.Womenlovetotalkbecausetheyaremoresociablethanmen.C.Mendonotliketalkingbecausetheyrelymoreonfacts.D.Socialconditioningisnotthereasonwhywomenlovetalking.选(A)练一练Manypeoplethinkatelephoneisessential.ButIthinkit’sapestandatimewaster.Veryoftenyoufinditimpossibletoescapefromsomeidleorcuriouschatterbox,orfromsomebodywhowantssomethingfornothing.Ifyouhaveatelephoneinyourownhouse,youwilladmitthatittendstoringwhenyouareasleep,ofinthemiddleofamealoraconversation,orwhenyouarejustgoingout,orwhenyouaretakingyourbath.Areyoustrong-mindedenoughtoignoreit,tosaytoyourself,“Ah,well,itwillallbethesameinahundredyear’stime?”Youarenot.Youthinktherearemaybesomeimportantnewsormessagesforyou.Icanassureyouthatifamessageisreallyimportantitwillreachyousoonerorlater.Haven’tyoueverrusheddrippingfromthebath,orchewingfromthetable,ordazedfromthebed,onlytobetoldthatyouareawrongnumber?Butyouwillsay,youneednothaveyournameprintedinthetelephonedirectory,andyoucanhaveatelephonewhichisonlyunableforoutgoingcalls.Besidesyouwillsay,isn’titimportanttohaveatelephoneincaseofemergency-illness,anaccident,orfire?Ofcourseyouareright,buthereinathicklypopulatedcountrylikeEngland,oneisseldomfarfromatelephoneincaseofdreadfulnecessity.IthinkperhapsIhadbettertrytojustifymyselfbytryingtoprovethatwhatIlikeisgood.Iadmitthatindifferentcircumstances-IfyouwereabusinessVIP,forinstance,orabedriddenperson-Imightfindatelephoneessential.ButthenifIwereataxidriver,Ishouldfindacaressential.Letmeputitanotherway:therearetwothingsforwhichtheEnglishseemtoshowparticulartalent.Oneismechanicalinvention,theotherisliterature.MyownbusinesshappenstobewiththeuseofwordsbutIseeImustnowstopusingthem.ForIhavejustbeenhandedaslipofpapertosaythatsomebodyiswaitingtospeaktomeonthetelephone.IthinkIhadbetteranswerit.Afterall,oneneverknows,itmaybesomethingimportant.THEPASSAGEISMAINLYABOUT______.A.thatweshouldbestrongenoughtoignoreaphonecallB.thatimportantmessagewillreachyousoonerorlaterC.whetherit’snecessarytoansweralltelephonecallsD.whetheritisnecessarytohaveatelephone分析：文章每一自然段的主题句分别是：1.Manypeoplethinkatelephoneisessential.ButIthinkit’sapestandatimewaster.2.…butinathicklypopulatedcountrylikeEngland,oneisseldomfarfromatelephoneincaseofdreadfulnecessity.3.Ithinkperhap