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中考定语从句用法归纳总结定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子叫作定语从句。先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,)。复合句：Themanwho(that)cameisMike.先行词关系代词LiMingistheonethatgotfullmarksinourclass.先行词关系代词上句的黑体字为复合句中的主句，蓝体字为定语从句.一定语从句的关系代词Which的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.Thisisthepenwhichwasgivenbymyfriend.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语Thisisthepenwhichmyfriendgavetome.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语二定语从句的关系代词Who的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)Themanwhoiswearingawhitesuitismybrother.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语Themanwho\whomhewantedtoseelastweekisinShanghai.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.三定语从句的关系代词Whom的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语),与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whomThisistheteacherwhom\whowelikebest.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语Sheisthegirlwhom\whoIwentwiththere.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.Idon’tliketheboytowhomyouaretalking.注意whose在从句中作定语。如：Thegirlwhosemotherisadoctoriswaitingforyououtside．妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。Thisisthehousewhosewindowwasbrokeninthewindslastnight.四定语从句的关系代词that的用法:若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语Theanimalthat\whichislostisapanda.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语Sheisthepersonthat\whoweareworriedabout.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语注意1.that\which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which,不用that(1)关系代词前有介词时.Thisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.(2)如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopen(开放)tous.（3）先行词本身是that时，用which.eg,What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?刚才天空中一闪而过的是什么东西？注意2.that\which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that,不用which.(1)先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstairpollution(反对空气污染)incities.Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.He’sthecleverestboythatmyteacherlikes.(2)先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee.(3)主句中已有疑问词who\which时Whichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?(4)先行词既有人又有物时Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunover(撞倒了)anoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.(5)先行词是all,much,little,few,some,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代词时Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.Imeantheonethatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.(6)先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery,thelast,theright等词修饰时Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.LiMingistheonlyonethatgotfullmarks(满分)inourclass.LiMingisoneofthestudentsthatwanttobeteachersinourclass.Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.他正是把那个女孩从水里救出来的那个男人。(7)有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用thatEdisonbuiltupafactory(办了一个工厂)whichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore（8）当先行词在主句中做表语，而关系代词也在从句中做表语时，用that.Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.他不再是从前的他了。注意3.用who不宜用that的情况（1）先行词是指人的不定代词，eg:one,anyone,noone,all,nobody,anybody,those等。Thosewhohavegoodmannerswillberespected.那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的尊敬。（2）当先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中时。Theboywascryinghardwholosthiswaywhilelookingforhismother.找妈妈时迷路的那个男孩正哭得厉害。五．定语从句的关系副词Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.Thisisthehouse+Iwasborninthehouse.(=Iwasbornthere)介词短语副词=ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn\inwhichIwasborn.介词+关系代词先行词关系副词.这就是我在那儿出生的房子.Doyoustillremembertheplacewherewefirstmet?练习：用which，where填空1Thisisthefactory-----theywanttovisit.2Mysisterworksinabookshopinwecanreadmanykindsofbooks3Haveyouvisitedthecitythefamousscientistwasborn?4Isthisthemuseumtheyvisitedlastmonth?5Hebuiltatelescopethroughhecouldstudytheskies.6Thepencilwith________hewrotewasbroken.7Isthistheshop_____sellschildren’sclothing?8Istillrememberthesitting-room_____mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.9Don’tgoin,thisistheshop_____wehavejustbeento。六．定语从句的关系副词When的用法:若先行词指时间且其在定语从句中充当时间状语.Hecameatatime+weneededhelpatatime.介词短语=Hecameatatimewhenweneededhelp关系副词atwhichweneededhelp介词+关系代词IshallneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.Ishallneverforgetthedaysthatwespenttogetherlastsummervacation.七．关系副词why的用法：在定语从句中只要先行词是thereason，它的关系副词就是why,在从句中做状语。如：ThereasonwhyI’mcallingyouistoinviteyoutotheparty.Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.Multiplechoice:1.Hecamebacktothevillage______hespentyearsinhischildhood.A.whichB.thatC.不填D.inwhich2.Thevillage_________hestayedforfiveyearshasdisappearedinthemap.A.whichB.thatC.不填D.where3.HowcanIforgetthedays______wespenttogether?A.whichB.whenC.inwhichD.where4.Hedidnotgivethereason_____hewaslateforschool.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.how5.Thereason________hetoldusatthemeetingisamade-upstorynow.A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD.when6.Whowastheman_______youtalkedamomentago?A.thatB.whoC.whomD.towhom7.Mostofthelandareas_____werecoveredbytreesbeforehavebecomedeserts.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.不填8.Thebook_____Ispent30yuaniswellworthreading.A.whichB.onwhichC.thatD.onthat9.Istillrememberthelittlewoodenroom___mybrotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.inwhich10.Heistheonlyoneofthoseboyswhonever______lateforschool.A.hasB.haveC.comeD.comes11.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___________werepopularthen.A.不填B.thatC.whichD.who12.Thisisthereason_________heisleavingnow.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.不填13.Itisforthisreason______heisleavingnow.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.不填14.Ihavethesamemagazine_________youboughtjustno