公务员考试必备公务员考试必备公务员考试必备公务员考试必备第1页共77页数字推理题解题技巧大全目录第一部分:数字推理题的解题技巧································································································································································································································1111第二部分:数学运算题型及讲解················································································································································································································································6666第三部分::::数字推理题的各种规律································································································································································································································8888第四部分::::数字推理题典!!····································································································································································································································································16161616数字的整除特性························································································································································································································································································································································63636363继续题典········································································································································································································································································································································································································65656565第一部分:数字推理题的解题技巧行政能力倾向测试是公务员考试必考的一科,数字推理题又是行政测试中一直以来的固定题型。如果给予足够的时间,数字推理并不难;但由于行政试卷整体量大,时间短,很少有人能在规定的考试时间内做完,尤其是对于文科的版友们来说,数字推理、数字运算(应用题)以及最后的资料分析是阻碍他们行政拿高分的关卡。并且,由于数字推理处于行政A类的第一项,B类的第二项,开头做不好,对以后的考试有着较大的影响。数字推理考察的是数字之间公务员考试必备公务员考试必备公务员考试必备公务员考试必备第2页共77页的联系,对运算能力的要求并不高。所以,文科的朋友不必担心数学知识不够用或是以前学的不好。只要经过足够的练习,这部分是可以拿高分的,至少不会拖你的后腿。一、解题前的准备1.1.1.1.熟记各种数字的运算关系。如各种数字的平方、立方以及它们的邻居,做到看到某个数字就有感觉。这是迅速准确解好数字推理题材的前提。常见的需记住的数字关系如下:(1111)平方关系:2-4,3-9,4-16,5-25,6-36,7-49,8-64,9-81,10-100,11-121,12-14413-169,14-196,15-225,16-256,17-289,18-324,19-361,20-400(2222)立方关系::::2-8,3-27,4-64,5-125,6-216,7-343,8-512,9-729,10-1000(3333)质数关系::::2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29......(4444)开方关系::::4-2,9-3,16-4......以上四种,特别是前两种关系,每次考试必有。所以,对这些平方立方后的数字,及这些数字的邻居(如,64,63,65等)要有足够的敏感。当看到这些数字时,立刻就能想到平方立方的可能性。熟悉这些数字,对解题有很大的帮助,有时候,一个数字就能提供你一个正确的解题思路。如216,125,64()如果上述关系烂熟于胸,一眼就可看出答案但一般考试题不会如此弱智,实际可能会这样215,124,63,()或是217,124,65,()即是以它们的邻居(加减1),这也不难,一般这种题5秒内搞定。2.2.2.2.熟练掌握各种简单运算,一般加减乘除大家都会,值得注意的是带根号的运算。根号运算掌握简单规律则可,也不难。3.3.3.3.对中等难度以下的题,建议大家练习使用心算,可以节省不少时间,在考试时有很大效果。二、解题方法按数字之间的关系,可将数字推理题分为以下十种类型:1.和差关系。又分为等差、移动求和或差两种。(1)等差关系。这种题属于比较简单的,不经练习也能在短时间内做出。建议解这种题时,用口算。12,20,30,42,()127,112,97,82,()3,4,7,12,(),28(2)移动求和或差。从第三项起,每一项都是前两项之和或差,这种题初次做稍有难度,做多公务员考试必备公务员考试必备公务员考试必备公务员考试必备第3页共77页了也就简单了。1,2,3,5,(),13A9B11C8D7选C。1+2=3,2+3=5,3+5=8,5+8=132,5,7,(),19,31,50A12B13C10D11选A0,1,1,2,4,7,13,()A22B23C24D25选C。注意此题为前三项之和等于下一项。一般考试中不会变态到要你求前四项之和,所以个人感觉这属于移动求和或差中最难的。5,3,2,1,1,()A-3B-2C0D2选C。2.2.2.2.乘除关系。又分为等比、移动求积或商两种(1)等比。从第二项起,每一项与它前一项的比等于一个常数或一个等差数列。8,12,18,27,(40.5)后项与前项之比为1.5。6,6,9,18,45,(135)后项与前项之比为等差数列,分别为1,1.5,2,2.5,3(2)移动求积或商关系。从第三项起,每一项都是前两项之积或商。2,5,10,50,(500)100,50,2,25,(2/25)3,4,6,12,36,(216)此题稍有难度,从第三项起,第项为前两项之积除以21,7,8,57,(457)后项为前两项之积+13.3.3.3.平方关系1,4,9,16,25,(36),4966,83,102,123,(146)8,9,10,11,12的平方后+24.4.4.4.立方关系1,8,27,(81),1253,10,29,(83),127立方后+20,1,2,9,(730)有难度,后项为前项的立方+15.5.5.5.分数数列。一般这种数列出难题较少,关键是把分子和分母看作两个不同的数列,有的还需进行简单的通分,则可得出答案1/24/39/416/525/6(36/7)分子为等比,分母为等差2/31/22/51/3(1/4)将1/2化为2/4,1/3化为2/6,可知下一个为2/86.6.6.6.带根号的数列。这种题难度一般也不大,掌握根号的简单运算则可。限于计算机水平比较烂,打不出根号,无法列题。7.7.7.7.质数数列2,3,5,(7),114,6,10,14,22,(26)质数数列除以220,22,25,30,37,(48)后项与前项相减得质数数列。公务员考试必备公务员考试必备公务员考试必备公务员考试必备第4页共77页8.8.8.8.双重数列。又分为三种:(1)每两项为一组,如1,3,3,9,5,15,7,(21)第一与第二,第三与第四等每两项后项与前项之比为32,5,7,10,9,12,10,(13)每两项之差为31/7,14,1/21,42,1/36,72,1/52,()两项为一组,每组的后项等于前项倒数*2(2)两个数列相隔,其中一个数列可能无任何规律,但只要把握有规律变化的数列就可得出结果。22,39,25,38,31,37,40,36,(52)由两个数列,22,25,31,40,()和39,38,37,36组成,相互隔开,均为等差。34,36,35,35,(36),34,37,(33)由两个数列相隔而成,一个递增,一个递减(3)数列中的数字带小数,其中整数部分为一个数列,小数部分为另一个数列。2.01,4.03,8.04,16.07,(32.11)整数部分为等比,小数部分为移动求和数列。双重数列难题也较少。能看出是双重数列,题目一般已经解出。特别是前两种,当数字的个数超过7个时,为双重数列的可能性相当大。9.9.9.9.组合数列。此种数列最难。前面8种数列,单独出题几乎没有难题,也出不了难题,但8种数列关系两两组合,变态的甚至三种关系组合,就形成了比较难解的题目了。最常见的是和差关系与乘除关系组合、和差关系与平方立方关系组合。只有在熟悉前面所述8种关系的基础上,才能较好较快地解决这类题。1,1,3,7,17,41()A89B99C109D119选B。此为移动求和与乘除关系组合。第三项为第二项*2+第一项65,35,17,3,()A1B2C0D4选A。平方关系与和差关系组合,分别为8的平方+1,6的平方-1,4的平方+1,2的平方-1,下一个应为0的平方+1=14,6,10,18,34,()A50B64C66D68选C。各差关系与等比关系组合。依次相减,得2,4,8,16(),可推知下一个为32,32+34=666,15,35,77,()A106B117C136D163选D。等差与等比组合。前项*2+3,5,7依次得后项,得出下一个应为77*2+9=1632,8,24,64,()A160B512C124D164选A。此题较复杂,幂数列与等差数列组合。2=1*2的1次方,8=2*2的平方,24=3*2的3次方,64=4*2的4次方,下一