基于信息共享的突发事件应急响应信息模型(I) - 模型定义

20820108ChinaSafetyScienceJournalVol.20No.8Aug.2010():*张子民1讲师周英1李琦2教授毛曦2(1山东建筑大学土木工程学院,济南2501012北京大学遥感所,北京100871):6208010():X913.2:A:(2006CB701306);(10-091)应急信息的保障必须以信息共享为基础,同时还应当构建可描述并实现应急信息流的信息模型通过对应急信息流的产生与流动特征进行分析,提出使用应急响应任务应急响应部门数据集和应急辅助模型4类元素来描述信息流,并以大量应急预案和相关研究为基础,综合归纳出每类元素的完备列表基于以上工作,研究构建了突发事件应急响应的信息模型最后,针对城市危险化学品事故,使用模型对其应急中的信息流进行了描述信息模型;应急响应;突发事件;信息共享;信息流EmergencyResponseInformationModelBasedonInformationSharing(Part):ModelDefinitionZHANGZimin1,LecturerZHOUYing1LIQi2,Prof.MAOXi2(1SchoolofCivil&Engineering,ShandongJianzhuUniversity,Jinan250101,China2RS&GISInstitute,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China)Abstract:Efficientinformationaccessduringemergencyresponsenotonlydemandsfundamentallythegovernmentdepartmentstosharetheirdataresources,butalsorequiresaninformationmodelthatdefinesandimplementstheinformationflowbetweenresponseagencies.Thispaperpresentssuchaninformationmodelthattakesinformationsharingasthepremise.Firs,tfourmodelingelementsareproposedbasedonadetailedanalysisonthegenerationandfeaturesoftheinformationflow,whichareresponsetasks,responsedepartments,datacollections,andemergencyaidedmodels.Thenalistcontainingalmostcompleteoptionsduringresponseforeachelementisconcludedbyanalyzingthecollectedresponseplansandpublishedresearchresults.Onthefoundationoftheaboveworks,aninformationmodelforemergencyresponseiscreated.Lastly,dangerouschemicalaccidentsoccurringincitiesareselectedtodemonstratetheapplicationoftheinformationmode.lByselectingneededoptionsforeachmodelingelementfromtheoptionlistsanddeterminingtherelationshipsbetweentheelements,theinformationflowbetweenresponseagenciesaredefined.Keywords:informationmode;lemergencyresponse;emergencies;informationsharing;informationflow*:1003-3033(2010)08-0154-07;:2010-04-28;:2010-07-200,,,,,,,,,2:1),[1-2],2),,,,,,[3-7],,,14[8]2[9],,,[9],1,,,,,,,,13(2):,(AB),,,,1558:():,(C),,,(C),[10-13]2C,,,,,,,,,,2,4::,,,,,,,[14-15]30020(1),,,1T0T7T14T1T8T15T2T9T16T3T10T17T4T11T18T5T12T19T6T13T20:,,,,,,,,[14-15]300,41(2),156ChinaSafetyScienceJournal2020102D1D15D29D2D16D30D3D17D31D4D18D32D5D19D33D6D20D34D7D2lD35D8D22D36D9D23D37D10D24D38D11D25D39D12D26D40D13D27D41D14D28:,,,,75,,,,33DT1,,DT2,,DT3,,DT4,DT5,DT6,,DT7,DT8,,,,DT9,,,DT10,,,DT11,,,DT12,,,:,,,41578:():(M1~M4),1)(PredictionModel)M1:(),I=f(s,t,C,V)(1):st;C;V;I,s,t,CV,()2)(DamageAssessmentModel)M2:2:,D=f(I,E)(2):D;I;E3)(EvacuationModel)M3:()(),G=(N,A),N,A,xij(i,j),bii,cij(i,j),uij(i,j),minimize:Z=(i,j)Axijcij(3)subjectto:{j:(i,j)A}xij-{j:(j,i)A}xji=bi,iN(4)ibi=0(5)0xijuij,(i,j)A(6)(3),Z;(4),;(5),;(6),G,cij,,4)(LogisticsModel)M4:,,(3)(6),G,N,A;,xijxijk,ijk;,Z,:;,(4)(6),,:;2,4,3,,,,,33,,158ChinaSafetyScienceJournal202010,,,,,,2(T13:,T14:),,2,,44D1D17,D33T0DT1~DT12M1~M4D1D17T1DT1,DT3,DT8D4D3T2DT4,DT8D22D3,D23,D24T3DT2,DT8~DT11M1~M3D3D5,D26,D27T4DT2,DT8,DT10,DT11M2,M3D3D38T5DT2,DT4~DT8D17D3~D5,D26T6DT2,DT8D3T7DT2,DT11,DT12M3,M4D14D10,D11,D37T8DT1,DT7~DT9M1D14D4,D10,D37T9DT1,DT4,DT7~DT9M1D23D22T10DT1,DT8,DT9M1D2T11DT8D26D5,D20,D22,D27T12DT2,DT8,DT12M4D28T15DT8,DT10M2D17T16D17D14,D28,D34T17DT1~DT10M1,M2D1T18DT8D1D17,D32T19DT8~DT12M1~M4D1D17T20DT8,,,,,,,Web,Web,,,,,41),,,2),,,,1598:():3),,,[1],,,.[J].,2006,17(12):2554-2564.[2],.[J].,2008,6(6):39-44.[3],,,.[J].,2002,17(3):60-64.[4],.[J].,2002,23(3):787-791.[5].[J].,2004(3):49-51.[6],,,.[J].,2008,23(3):109-113,118.[7].[D].:,2010[8].[M].:,2007[9].[EB].[10]W.A.Wallace,F.D.Balogh.DecisionSupportsystemsfordisastermanagement.publicadministrationreview[A].EmergencyManagement:AChallengeforPublicAdministration[C],1985,45(SpecialIssue):134-146.[11]S.Jain,C.McLean.Aframeworkformodelingandsimulationforemergencyresponse[A].In:S.Chick,P.J.Snchez,D.Ferrin,eta.l(Eds.).Proceedingsofthe2003WinterSimulationConference[C],2003:1068-1076.[12]M.E.Jennex.ModelingEmergencyResponseSystems[A].40thAnnualHawaiiInternationalConferenceonSystemSciences[C],Hawai,iU.S.A.,2007:22-29.[13],,,.[J].(),2009,49(5):6-10.[14],,,.():[J].,2008,18(2):5-11.[15],,,.():[J].,2008,18(4):5-11.:张子民(1976-),,,,,2009,Emai:[e-mail].160ChinaSafetyScienceJournal202010