春秋战国历史简介(英语)

TheLegendofQin秦时明月——12商一陈小玉•TheQinDynastywasthefirstcentralizedfeudalautocraticdynasty(专制主义中央集权）inChinesehistory.•duringthePre-QinDynastywhichwascalledtheSpringandAutumnPeriodandtheWarringStatesPeriod（春秋战国时期）,Chinesewasaturmoilanddividedsociety.•AccordingtoRecordsofHistory（《史记》）,theSpringandAutumnPeriodwasfrom770BCto476BCandtheWarringStatesPeriodwasfrom475BCto221BC.Duringthisperiod,vassalstates（诸侯国）foughtwithandcooperatewitheachothers,tryingtobethefinalwinner.FiveHegemonsinSpringandAutumnPeriod春秋五霸•秦穆公•齐桓公•晋文公•楚庄王•宋襄公SevenPowersinWarringStatePeriod战国七雄RetreattoAvoidConflict退避三舍Duringthespringandautumnperiod,Jinvassalstatehadacivilwar,thesonofJinprince,ChongErescapedtoChuvassalstate.Chuprincehelpedandtreatedhim.HepromisedthatifJincombatedwithChu,Jinwouldbackedoffabout30miles.WiththehelpofQinprince,ChongErreturnedtohisvassalstatelater.Severalyearslater,awarbetweenChuandJinbrokeout.WhenChuandJinmeetinChengPu（城濮）,ChongErorderedhisarmygobackfor30miles.•Meanwhile,therewasaphenomenoninculturewhichwascalledcontentionofahundredschoolsofthought.TheschoolscontendingmainlywereConfucianism（儒家）,Taoism（道家）,Mohism（墨家）,Yin-yangSchool（阴阳家）,theMilitaryStrategists（兵家）,theLegalists（法家）andtheLogicians（名家）•Fightingformanyyears,in221BC,QinprinceYingZhengunitedChinaandestablishedthefirstcentralizedfeudalautocraticdynastyinChinesehistoryeventually.••Measures•builtthegreatwall•unifiedvehicles•unifiedcharacters•firedallthebooksofConfucianism•killedmanyschoolarsofConfucianism•Xiangyu•LiubangGreatleadershipIntelligenceCrafty•Courage•Sincerity•Arrogant