Greenhouse-Growing-Grapes

GrowingGrapesandtheirusesRachelPetersonIntroductionGrapesarethemostcommonfruitandarealsotheoldestcultivatedplantthroughouttheworld.Thispresentationwilldefinethegrapeandinformyouonthegeneralinformation,nutritionalfacts,andthemanyvarietiesofgrapes.Ifyourponderinggrowinggrapeshere,inWisconsin,thereishelpfulinformationonhowtodoitandproblemsthatmayoccur.Iexplainthepartsoftheplant,siteselection,planting,pruning,harvestingandpicking,anddiseases.Let’sstartoutbyasking,“Whatisagrape?”Definition…Grape(grap),n.derivedfromanOldFrenchwordgrape,meaningbunchorcluster;alsoakindofhookusedtoharvestgrapes.ComparetotheEnglishwordgrapple.GeneralInformationGrapesdonotcontinuetoripenaftertheyhavebeenpicked.WoodyvinePerennialPortions:*roots*trunk*perhapscordonsCompoundbudsMoreGeneralInformation…Grapesareabout80percentwaterGrapesalsoaddfibertothediet.Redgrapesarerichinquercetin,anewlydiscoveredanticanceragentthattheUniversityofCaliforniatabstudieshaveshowncansuppressmalignantcellsbeforetheyformtumors.Themineralboron(foundinapples,grapes,grapejuiceandraisins)mayretardbonelossinwomenaftermenopause.Also,boronhelpswomenonERT(estrogenreplacementtherapy)keeptheestrogenintheirbloodlonger.NutritionalFactsservingsize11/2cups(138g/14.9oz)AmountsPerServing%DailyValue*Calories90CaloriesfromFat10TotalFatogSodium0mg0%Potassium270mg8%TotalCarbohydrate24g8%DietaryFiber1g2%Sugars23gProtein1gVitaminA2%VitaminC25%Calcium2%Iron2%VarietiesofGrapesGrapescomeinthreebasiccolors:green(sometimescalledwhite),redandblue-black.Morethan50kindsofgrapesarecurrentlyinproduction.Eachvarietyhasitsowndistinctcolor,taste,textureandhistory.VarietiesofGrapesPerletteThefirstgrapeoftheseason,thePerletteislightincolor-almostfrostygreenwithatranslucentcast;theberriesarealmostround.PerlettemeanslittlepearlinFrench.VarietiesofGrapesSugraoneTheSugraoneberryisbrightgreenandelongated.Thefruitoffersalight,sweetflavorandadistinctivecrunch.VarietiesofGrapesThompsonSeedlessAlmosteveryoneisfamiliarwiththisgrape'slightgreencolor,oblongberries,andsweet,juicyflavor.ThevarietymayhaveoriginatedinsouthernIran.VarietiesofGrapesCalmeriaThisgrapecarriesthenicknameladyfingers,socalledforitselongated,light-greenanddelicatelysculptedberries.Awintertreat,thisseededgrapehasamild,sweetflavorwithanunforgettabletang.VarietiesofGrapesFlameSeedlessTheresultofacrossbetweenThompsonSeedless,Cardinalandseveralothervarieties,theFlameSeedlessisaround,crunchy,sweetgrapewithadeep-redcolor.VarietiesofGrapesRedGlobeThelarge,remarkableclustersoftheRedGlobecontainplum-sizeseededberries.TheRedGlobeispopularforbotheatinganddecoratingduringtheholidayseason.VarietiesofGrapesRubySeedlessGrowncommerciallyintheSanJoaquinValley(California)since1968,theRubySeedlessisadeep-red,tender-skinnedgrape.VarietiesofGrapesEmperorLarge,deep-redclustersandalastingflavorcharacterizethisseededvarietythatwasfirstplantedinCaliforniain1863.VarietiesofGrapesBeautySeedlessOriginatinginDavis,California,thisfirm,bluish-blackgrapehasaspicytasteandatenderflesh.BeautySeedlessripensveryearlyandshowsadistinctiveblue-greenfoilage.VarietiesofGrapesExoticBornin1947inFresno,California,Exotic'sberriesareplumpandjuicyandgrowinlong,beautifulclusters.AcrossbetweentheredFlameTokayandtheRibier,thisseededgrapeiscrispandmildinflavor.VarietiesofGrapesRibierThisdarkblue-blackseededgrapecrossedtheChannelfromOrleans,France,in1860.Theskinsarefirmandthetasteismild.VarietiesofGrapesFantasySeedlessTheseblue-blacksweetberriesareoval,thin-skinnedandfirm.Fantasy'sconicalclustershavemedium-sizedberrieswithpalegreenfleshandamellowflavor.VarietiesofGrapesMarrooSeedlessOriginatinginAustralia,theMarrooSeedlessisacrossbetweentheCarolinaBlackroseandtheRubySeedless.Bluish-blackincolor,themedium-largeberriesarefirmandjuicywithamellowflavor.VarietiesofGrapesNiabellThisConcord-typevarietyfeaturesthick-skinned,roundberriesrangingincolorfrompurpletoblackwithanearthy,richflavor.GrowingGrapesInWisconsinPartsoftheGrapePlantSiteSelectionandPreparationGrapesrequirefullsunlight.Adequatedrainageandmoistureretention,required.Thebestsoilsareloamsorsandyloamswithaddedorganicmatter.GrapesgrowbestinsoilwithapHrangeof5.5to6.5.Rowsshouldusuallyrunnorthtosouth.Thisallowstheplantsgatherthemostsunlightandlesswinddamagewilloccur.PlantingPlantyourvinesinearlyspring(asearlyasyoucanworkthesoil).Grapesdonotlikeweedssotillthesoilwelltogetridofcompetingweedsandgrasses.Diganicebigholesotherootscanspreadout.PlantinSpringorSummer.Grapesneedthesummerheattodevelopandwillproducethebestgrapeslateintheseason.Planting,continued…IfpossiblearrangetherowsinaNorth-Southorientationtoallowmaximumexposuretothesun.Forbackyardplantings,ninefeetbetweenrowsissuitable.Forlargerplantings,tenfeetissuitable.Waternewlyplantedvineseveryday.Plantinstraightrowsforeasiermanagability,andtoreducetrelliscosts.Spreadtherootsoutwhenyouplant,givingthemroom.Onceyouplantthegrape,pruneitbackto3budsPruningBeforepruning,anaveragegrapevinemayhave200to300budswhicharecapableofproducingfruit.Ift