1一般过去时讲解与练习定义表示的是:某个动作作发生在过去的时间里,并且这个动作已经完成了。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:lastyear,yesterday等;也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often,always等频率副词连用。一、巧记一般过去时:动词一般过去时,表示过去发生的事;be用was或用were,have,has变had;谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志;一般动词加-ed,若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单,主语之后didn’t添;疑问句也不难,did放在主语前;不含be动词时如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原;动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。含be动词时疑问句也不难,要把was,were放在主语前。be的一般过去时:学习动词be的一般过去时,下面有一口诀,它可以帮你们更好地掌握动词be的一般过去时。be的过去时有四巧:一是时间状语巧,表示过去的短语要记牢;二是形式巧,单数was,复数were;三巧是否定句结构,not紧跟was/were;四是疑问句式巧,was/were向前跑(提前)。【一巧】时间状语(即标志词)巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样,形式多样:当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时,谓语动词用was;主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时,谓语动词用were。例如:Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning.昨天早上我在教室里。1.yesterday或以其构成的短语:yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening)等;2.由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语:lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等;3.由“时间段+ago”构成的短语:amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等;4.其它:justnow等5.由某些表示过去时态的从句等。2HewasatschoollastTuesday.上周二他在学校。Theywereoverthereamomentago.刚才他们在那边。【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样,它在动词后面加not即可变成否定句,并且was,were与not可以缩写成wasn't,weren't。即:主语+wasn't/weren't+表语+其他。例如:Iwasnot(=wasn't)hereyesterday.昨天我不在这儿。Myparentswerenot(=weren't)athomelastSunday.上周日我父母不在家。【四巧】疑问句式巧。把was,were提到句首,句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即:Was(Were)+主语+表语+其他?这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。例如:Wereyouathomethedaybeforeyesterday﹖前天你在家吗?Wasshelatethismorning﹖今天早上她迟到了吗?更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似,肯定回答用“Yes,主语+was/were.”;否定回答用“No,主语+wasn't/weren't.”。例如:—WereWeiHuaandHanMeiherejustnow﹖刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗?—Yes,theywere.(No,theyweren't.)是的,她们在。(不,她们不在。)一般过去时主要是通过谓语动词的变化来表示的。英语中每种时态都要求谓语动词进行相应的变化。在一般过去时里,要求谓语动词用动词“过去式”。原形动词变为过去式,可以概括为两类:一类是规则的变化,另一类是不规则的变化。1.规则变化的动词过去式规则变化的动词过去式(1)在词尾加ed或d英语中大部分动词过去式都是规则变化的,即在动词后加上ed;如果结尾字母是不发音的e,则只要加上一个d就行了。例如:work-workedclean-cleanedplay-playeddecide-decidedlive-livedlove-loved(2)以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加edstudy-studiedhurry-hurriedcarry-carried(3)以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母再加edstop-stoppeddrop-dropped2.不规则变化的动词过去式不规则变化是指过去式不能加ed,用另外一个词来表示。这样的不规则过去式也有很多,只有靠一个一个去记忆了。例如:is/am-wasare-werehave/has-hadshall-shouldwill-wouldcan-couldmay-mightgo-wentcome-cametake-took3sit-satsay-saidget-gotswim-swamrun-ranwrite-wrotesing-sangtell-toldspeak-spokebegin-beganbreak-broke不规则变化中,还有少数词的过去式与原形动词完成相同;read的过去式只是读音改变了。例如:cut-cutput-putlet-letread-read[red]keep-keptfeel-feltsleep-sleptsweep-sweptbuild-builtlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentring-rangsit-satdrink-dranksing-sangswim-swamthink-thoughtbuy-boughtbring-broughtfight-foughtteach-taughtcatch-caughtknow-knewgrow-grewthrow-threwdraw-drew3.规则动词过去式的读音在清辅音[p][k][f][s]等后,ed要读[t]。例如:worked,finished在元音或浊辅音[b][g][v][z][m]等后,ed要读[d]。例如:lived,called在[t]或[d]后,ed读[id]。例如:started,needed一般过去时-疑问句型过去时的一般疑问句可以分为两类。1.was/were,它们的一般疑问句是将was/were,移到主语前面,否定句是直接在它们后面加上not。例如:HewasverybusylastFriday.Hewasn'tverybusylastFriday.WasheverybusylastFriday?Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t2.实义动词实义动词过去式的一般疑问句,是在主语前加上did;否定句是在谓语动词前加上didnot,并将谓语动词改为动词原形。请注意:过去时不分人称和单复数,都是加did或didnot。例如:LiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning.DidLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?Yes,hedid./No,hedidn't.LiMingdidn'tstudyEnglishthismorning.Weoftenplayedbadmintontogether.Didyouplaybadmintontogether?Yes,wedid./No,wedidn't.Wedidn'tplaybadmintontogether.其次,had作为实义动词的话,加did或didnot.例如:TheyhadameetinglastFriday.DidtheyhaveameetinglastFriday?Yes,theydid.No,theydidn't.Theydidn'thaveameetinglastFriday.43.过去时的特殊疑问句Howdidyoufindthejob?Ifounditinthenewspaper.这工作你是怎么知道的?我从报纸上看到的。一般现在时要和现在的时间相联系,而一般过去时和说话的“现在”没有联系。Hisfatherisafilmdirector.他父亲是电影导演。(他现在还是)Hisfatherwasafilmdirector.他父亲曾是电影导演。(他现在不是)Howdoyoulikethenovel?你觉得这部小说怎么样?(还在看小说)Howdidyoulikethenovel?你觉得这部小说怎么样?(已看完小说)一般过去时-句型口诀一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。否定句很简单,didn't站在动词原形前,其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记。【课堂练习】一、写出下列动词的过去式is\am______fly______plant______are_______drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance_________worry______ask_____taste________eat________draw________put_____throw_______kick________pass_______do________二、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I______anEnglishteachernow.2.She_______happyyesterday.3.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancy________goodfriends.5.Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7.There________asignonthechaironMonday.8.Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children'sDay.Allthestudents____veryexcited.三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)54.____you______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.What______she________(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She_________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.9.It_________(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday10.10.Weall_________(have)agoodtimelastnight.四、改错题1.HowisJaneyesterday?_____________________2.Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.____________________________3.Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.____________________________4.Icanflykitessevenyearsago.______________________________5.Didyousawhimjustnow._______________