_风险社会_视角下的社会问题

JOURNALOFNANJINGUNIVERSITY(Philosophy,HumanitiesandSocialSciences)2,2007(,210093):,,,,,;,:;;;;:(05&ZD037)(socialproblems),,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,(socialproblemstradition),,,(risksociety),?,,;,,;,(risk),,,[1],[2],[3],,,(keyideas)[4],,(socialtheories921ofrisk)(sociologicaltheoriesofrisk),,,,,,(,),,(ordering),(generalizeddiscourse),(researchprograms),,?,,,[3]21,[3]19,(latentsideeffects),,,,,,[5],,,,,,,(mod2ernizationrisks),(fabricated/manufacturedrisks/uncertain2ties),,[3]22,:,;,(personalrisks),,,(globaldangersorthreats),,,,,[3]24,,,,,,(boomerangeffect),,,,,,,,(,,,,,,,[3]42)031,,,(worldrisksociety)[3]23,,,,[3]87,,,,,(reflexivemodernization),,,,,,[3]89,,(individualization),,,,:,,;911,,,,,,,,,,(sociologicaltradition),,,,(nostalgia),,,,,,,,,,,[6],,[6],,,(no2longer2not2yet),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,131,(sociologicalimagination),,[7],,?,,(nation-state)(society),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,[8],,,,,,,(self2confrontation)(reflexive),,:(theliberatingdimension),,;(thedisenchantmentdimension),;(thecontroldimension),[3]127-128,,,,,,,,,,(institutionallydependentindividualsituation),,,,[3]130,,231,,,,,(psychologicaldispositions),,,(medicalization),,,(),(),,,,,,,,(riskyfreedoms);,[9],,,,,,,,,,[3]98(immediacy),[3]100,,,,,,,[3]135,?,,(socialconstruction),,(socialarena),[10],,,(thepoliticsofknowledge)?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[3]331,,,,,,,,,,:,[3]26,,,,,,,,,(categoryerror),(technocraticfallacy)(socialthinking),,(socialfilteringoramplification),,,,;,,,,,,,,,:,,,(not2yet2affected),,,,,,(scientizedthought),,,,,(doubleshock),,,,,,,(organizedirresponsibility),,,(generalcomplicity),,,[3]33,,,,,,,,[9],,431,,,,,,,,,,:[1].//,..,,.:,2005.[2]ChaunceyStarr,ChrisWhipple.RisksofRiskDecisions.Science,1980,208(4448).[3]UlrichBeck.RiskSociety:TowardsaNewModernity.London:SagePublications,1992.[4]DeborahLupton.Risk.London:Routledge,1999.[5],,.:.,,.:,2005:10.[6]..,.:,2001:18,22.[7]C...,,.:,2001.[8]..,2004(5).[9]..,,.:,2004:100,42.[10]StephenHilgartner,CharlesL.Bosk.TheRiseandFallofSocialProblems:APublicArenasModel.AmericanJournalofSociology,1988,94(1).SocialProblemsinRiskSocietyCHENGBo2qing(InstituteforAdvancedStudiesinHumanities&SocialSciences,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,China)Abstract:Theconceptofriskturnstobeakeynotionwidelyusedintheunderstandingandex2planationofcontemporaryworldcommunity.Thetheoryofrisksociety,asacurrentdiscourseofsocialproblemstudies,providesnotonlyabrandnewperspectivetounderstandpresentsocialproblemsandtheirbecoming,butalsoawaytoreformsociologicaltraditionindealingwithsocialproblems.Withtheirworldwidespreadinganddiversifyingtendencies,socialproblemsnotonlychallengesociologicalimaginationintheframeworkofnation2state,butalsourgeustoredirectourinquiryforabetterun2derstandingoftheconflictbetweentheindividualandthesocial.Toemphasizetheimportanceofpoli2ticsofknowledge,wearerequiredtoreexaminetheheterogeneityintheconstructionofcontemporarysocialissues.Keywords:risksociety;socialproblems;globalization;individualization;politicsofknowledge()531