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1.From1732to1758,hewroteandpublishedhisfamousPoorRichard'sAlmanack,anannualcollectionofproverbs2.PhilipFreneauhasbeencalledtheFatherofAmericanPoetry,anditisultimatelyinahistoricalestimatethatFreneauisimportant.3.Cooper'sLeather-stockingTaleareaseriesoffivenovels,includingThePioneers(1823),TheLastoftheMohicans(1825),ThePrairie(1827),ThePathfinder(1841),andTheDeerslayer(1843)4.HermanMelville’sMoby-Dickisatremendouschronicleofawhalingvoyageinpursuitofaseeminglysupernaturalwhitewhale.5.HenryDavidThoreau'swork,Walden,hasalwaysbeenregardedasamasterpieceofNewEnglandTranscendentalism.6.HesterPryme,Dimmesdate,Chillingworth,andPearlaremostlikelythenamesofthecharactersinthenovelTheScarletLetter.7.TheimpactofDarwin'sevolutionarytheoryontheAmericanthoughtandtheinfluenceofthe19thcenturyFrenchliteratureontheAmericanmenoflettersgaverisetoyetanotherschoolofrealism:Americannaturalism.8.MarkTwain,HenryJamesandWilliamDeanHowellsarethethreestrongadvocatesof19thcenturyAmericanrealism.9.ThepoeticstyleWhitmandevisedisnowcalledfreeverse,thatispoetrywithoutafixedbeatorregularrhymescheme.10.TheGildedAge(1873),writtenbyMarkTwainincollaborationwithCharlesDudleyWarner.AmericanLiterature11.MarkTwainisaisoknownasalocalcoloristwhopreferredtopresentsociallifethroughportraitsofthelocalcharactersofhisregions.12.In1881,HenryJamespublishedhisnovelThePortraitofaLady,whichisgenerallyconsideredashismasterpiece.13.HenryJamesisconsideredthefounderofpsychologicalrealism.Hebelievedthatrealityliesintheimpressionsmadebylifeonthespectator14.TheodoreDreiser’s“TrilogyofDesire”includesTheFinancier,TheTitan,andTheStaic.15.EzraPoundwastheleaderofanewmovementinpoetrywhichwascalledtheImagistMovement.16.InRobertFrost'sTheRoadNotTaken,thespeakertellsushowthecourseofhislifewasdeterminedwhenhecameupontworoadsthatdivergedinawood17.WiththepublicationofTheSunAlsoRises,HemingwaybecamethespokesmanforwhatGertrudeSteinhadcalled“LostGeneration”18.In1954,HemingwaywasawardedaNobelPriceforhisLiterature/TheOldManandtheSea19.JohnSteinbeckgavearealisticaccountoffarmersmiserableexperienceduringtheGreatDepressioninhisnovelTheGrapesofWrath20.F.ScottFitzgerald'sfinestnovelTheGreatGatsby,shatteredtheAmericandreamthatsomanypeoplecraved.