IF虚拟语气

SubjunctiveMoodInIf-clauses虚拟语气在条件句中的运用Enjoymusicandpayattentiontotheif-clausesinthelyrics.IfIwereaboyIthinkIcouldunderstandhowitfeelstoloveagirl.IswearI’dbeabetterman.I’dlistentoherbecauseIknowhowithurts.真实条件句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。非真实条件句所表示的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，或与事实相反的情况。试比较:Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathome.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.真实条件句&非真实条件句1.Ifyou________ice,it______intowater.(heat/turn)2.Aballoon________ifyou_______apinintoit.(burst/stick)3.Ifyou________steam,it________intowater.(cool/turn)4.Metal_______ifyou______it.(melt/heat)5.Wood_______ifyou______itintowater.(float/put)6.Aglass_______ifyou_____it.(break/drop)heatmeltsputfloatsdropbreaksturnsburststurnsheatcoolstick2.Youmay______(pass)theexamifyou___(study)hard.rainswillstaypassstudy3.Ifyouwanttorecord,________(press)theredlight.press1.IfIt______(rain)tomorrow,I______(stay)athome.Fillintheblanketswiththeproperform1.I’msureifhe_____(go)totheparty,he________(have)agreattime.2.Iftherain_______(stop)tonight,wewillgotothecinema.3.I’llbuyacomputerifI______(have)enoughmoney.4.You_________(notget)nervousifyou_____(do)enoughexercise.6.Iwanttoknowifhe_________(come)tomorrow,ifhe_______(come),I__________(give)themassagetohim.goeswillhavestopshavewon’tgetdocomeswillcomewillgiveIfIhadamilliondollarsnow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.•注：在虚拟语气be动词所有人称都用were.道明寺小结一：表示与现在事实相反时间条件从句结果主句表示与现在事实相反If+主语+动词过去式（be动词用were）主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形小结二：表示与过去事实相反时间条件从句结果主句表示与过去事实相反If+主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词IfIdidnotattendthecollegeentranceexam,IwoulddoeverythingwhatIwant.Iwould,Ifitweretobethelastdayoftheworldtomorrow,gotosleepbecause‘tomorrowisanotherday’.小结二：表示与将来事实相反时间条件从句结果主句表示与将来事实可能相反If+主语+动词过去式/wereto＋动词原形/should+动词原形主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形总结时间条件从句结果主句表示与过去事实相反If+主语+had+done主语+should/would/could/might+have+done表示与现在事实相反If+主语+did（be用were）主语+should/would/could/might+do表示与将来事实可能相反If+主语+did(be用were)/weretodo/shoulddo主语+should/would/could/might+doa.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(break)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.1.我如果有时间肯定会去的。2.我要是懂德语，我就会给你读这篇文章。3.如果他在这里，我们会问他的。4.如果明天放假，那该多好。IwouldcertainlygoifIhadtime．IfIknewGerman，Iwouldreadthepapertoyou.Ifhewerehere，wecouldaskhim．Itwouldbeniceifitwereaholidaytomorrow.Translatethesentences.a.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.假如他看见我,就会认识我。Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.a.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?c.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,there________(be)nofriendship.shouldbewouldmakewouldhappengotupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksweretocontrolwouldbe补充一：虚拟语气的倒装虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时,可把if省略,而把were,had,should放在主语前,用倒装结构。如:WereIabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.Hadyouinformedmeearlier,Iwouldnothavebeenlateforschool.ShouldIhavetimetomorrow,Iwouldcallonher.主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句或者叫做错综时间虚拟句。Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.补充二：错综时间虚拟句补充三：含蓄条件句英语中某些假设的条件句不是通过if从句表达出来，而是包含在某些短语、上下文或其他方式中，其谓语也常用虚拟语气，我们称此种结构为含蓄条件句常见的短语有without,butfor,otherwise,or等Butforyouradvice,IcouldnothavedoneItsuccessfully.Iwassobusythen,otherwise,Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer.1.Hadshe________herpromise,shewouldhavemadeittoYaleUniversity.A.lookeduptoB.liveduptoC.keptupwithD.comeupwith2.Johnwenttothehospitalalone,ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.ShouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold3.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergyJohnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhemeaboutit,Iuldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold