状语从句-时间原因

状语从句定义整个从句在主句的范畴中充当状语成分，不影响主句中的主谓宾。重点：从句和主句的意思连接上的理解连接词是最重要的。分类9大从句：时间，原因，条件，让步，目的，结果，地点，比较，方式名称常用连词1.时间状语从句when（whenever),while,as,before,after,till,once,bythetime,bytheendof,since,assoonas,hardly..when,scarcely...when,nosooner...thanthefirsttime,nexttime,everytime,eachtime,themoment,theinstant,2.原因状语从句because,since,as,for,nowthat,seeingthat(鉴于）,consideringthat（考虑到),...//介词短语：becauseof,owingto,dueto,thanksto...3.地点状语从句where,wherever,4.条件状语从句if,unless=if...notaslongas=solongas,onconditionthat,provided(that),providing(that),suppose,supposing(that),incase,giventhat(倘若）5.让步状语从句though,although,as(倒装),evenif=eventhough,whether...or,..ever=nomatterwh+...,//介词短语：despite,inspiteof6.目的状语从句sothat,inorderthat,incase,forfearthat,lest7.结果状语从句sothat,so...that,such...that,8.方式状语从句as,justas,(in)theway(that),asif=asthough9.比较状语从句as...as,notso...as,...erthan,Themore...themore...一.时间状语从句连接词：when;while;assincebefore;aftertill;untilassoonas;hardly…whenthemoment;thefirsttime;nexttime;each/everytimebythetimeWhen;while;asWhen:（1）当…（从句中为瞬间动词）（2）在…期间(从句中为延续性动词）While:(1)在…期间(从句中为延续性动词）（2）然而（强调主从句中的对比，转折关系）（3）虽然（相当于although，放在句首）as:(1)一边…一边…(2)随着…（主从句中一般都为延续性动词）Examples：1.Iwasdoingmyhomework______thetelephonerang.2._____thepresidentwasmakingaspeech,astrangerthrewashoeathim.3.____thetimegoesby,hegetstorealizehowseriousthemistakeis.4.Hisparentspreparedacongratulationceremonyforhim_____hedidn’tcareforit.5._____theyareworkinginthefield,thefarmersarelisteningtotheradio.whenWhileAswhileAssinceSince:主句为现完（延续性动词）从句为过去时（瞬间动词）ItissometimesincesbdidsthExample:1.自从我们从大学毕业我们已经很久没有见过对方了。2.自从改革开放政策被采用上海已经发生了很大的变化。3.自从你得了禽流感以来已经有一个半月了。Wehaven’tseeneachotherforalongtimesincewegraduatedfromtheuniversity.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinShanghaisincethereformandopeninguppolicywasadopted.Itisoneandahalfmonthssinceyougotthebirdflu.before&after*before:强调动作的先后关系，注重主从句的意思连接after:强调动作的先后关系，注重主从句的意思连接Itwon’tbelongbeforesbdo/doessthItwasn’tlongbeforesbdidsthExample:1.Thehousefelldown_____hehadtimetosavetheboyoutoftheburninghouse.2.Heheardthetelephonebutitwashungup_____hetookit.3.他努力工作，不久以后他就得到了他所梦想的。4.不久以后她就将从大学毕业，所以她一直在忙着找工作。beforebeforeHeworkedhardanditwasn’tlongbeforehegotwhathehaddreamedof.Itwon’tbelongbeforeshegraduatesfromtheuniversitysosheisbusylookingforajob.till&untiltill/until一直…直到…(主句为延续性动词,并为肯定句）not…until直到…才…（主句为瞬间动词，并为否定句）主句主句Example：1.直到医生命令他戒烟他才采取行动。2.她一直在犹豫直到医生命令她戒烟。3.他一直保持沉默直到他被问到关于家庭的问题。4.直到被问到关于家庭的问题他才开口说话。Hedidn’ttakeactionuntilthedoctoraskedhimtogiveupsmoking.Shehesitatedforalongtimetill/untilthedoctoraskedtogiveupsmoking.Hekeptsilenttill/untilhewasaskedquestionsabouthisfamily.Hedidn’tsayanythinguntilhewasaskedquestionsabouthisfamily.assoonas&hardly…when…assoonas(主从句为主将从现或过去时）hardly(nosooner)…when(than)…(主句为过完，从句为过去时）Example：她一走进总部，这个间谍就被要求立刻离开。Assoonassheenteredtheheadquarter,thespywasaskedtoleaveatonce.Shehadhardly(nosooner)enteredtheheadquarterwhen(than)thespywasaskedtoleaveatonce.themoment;thefirsttime;nexttime;every(each)timethemoment:相当于assoonasthefirsttime:第一次…(一般主从句都为过去时）Nexttime:下一次（一般时态为主将从现）Every(each)time:每一次（一般时态为一般现在时）Example:1.她一走进总部，这个间谍就被要求立刻离开。2.第一次她去西藏，她就被那里壮观的景色吸引了。3.下一次你有机会去图书馆，你一定要去参观一下先进的阅览室。4.每次他们开周会，都有很多问题有待解决。Themomentsheenteredtheheadquarter,thespywasaskedtoleaveatonce.ThefirsttimeshewenttoTibet,shewasattractedbythemagnificentscenerythere.Nexttimeyouhaveaccesstothelibrary,youaresuretopayavisittotheadvancedreadingroom.Every(Each)timetheyhaveaweeklymeeting,manyproblemsremaintobesolved.bythetimeBythetime(从句为一般现在时，主句为将完）（从句为一般过去时，主句为过完）Example：1.Bythetimehearrivedatthesupermarket,it______________(close).2.Bythetimeyougraduatefromtheseniorhighschool,you_____________________(learn)about4500Englishwords.hadalreadybeenclosedwillhavelearned二.原因状语从句连接词：位置及原因的强烈性becauseassince=nowthatfor从句放在句首，或主句之后，原因关系最强烈从句放在句首，原因关系较弱从句放在句首，表示既然从句放在主句之后，表示可供推测的原因，一般主句中会出现情态动词表推测Example：1.____we’relateforthemeeting,wewalkthereinsteadoftakingataxi.2.Hecan’thavebeentoBeijing,_____heknowsnothingaboutthecapitalofChina.3._____sheisseniortootherchildren,sheistocareforherparents.4.Manyroadsareunderconstruction_____the2010WorldExpowillbeheldhere.5.Hemusthavegothome,_____thelightison.SinceforAsbecausefor【例1】Ithoughtherniceandhonest____Imether.［1998上海市高考］A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime典型例题解析【例3】Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity____hereachestheendofthestory.［2003上海市高考］A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.untilC【例2】He____tothelabthanhesetouttodotheexperiment.［1999上海市高考］A.hasnosoonergotB.nosoonergotC.willdosoonergetD.hadnosoonergotDD典型例题解析A【例4】Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark____shewasbittenonthelegbybyalion.［2004上海市高考］A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.once【例5】Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden____itwasthebesttimeforit.［2005上海市高考］A.whereB.whenC.thatD.untilB【例6】____you’vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.［1999全国高考］A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.AssoonasABackA时间状语从句和原因状语从句训练1.Itwassometime___werealizedthetruth.A.whenB.untilC.sinceD.before2.UnlikewatchingTV,readingisahighlyactiveprocess,____itrequiresattentionasw