高考英语近义词辨析

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高考近义词辨析1.clothes,cloth,clothingclothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof2.incident,accidentincident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.3.amount,numberamount后接不可数名词,number后接可数名词anumberofstudents4.family,house,homehome家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成员.Myfamilyisahappyone.5.sound,voice,noisesound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.6.photo,picture,drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的画Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.7.vocabulary,wordvocabulary词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word具体的单词Hehasalargevocabulary.8.population,peoplepopulation人口,人数,people具体的人Chinahasalargepopulation.9.weather,climateweather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.10.road,street,path,wayroad具体的公路,马路,street街道,path小路,小径,way道路,途径takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.11.course,subjectcourse课程(可包括多门科目),subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse12.custom,habitcustom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接todo,habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接ofdoing.I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.13.cause,reasoncause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接ofsth./doingsth,reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate14.exercise,exercises,practiceexercise运动,锻炼(不可数),exercises练习(可数),practice(反复做的)练习Practicemakesperfect.15.class,lesson作课解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.lesson6;class516.speech,talk,lecturespeech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说,talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话,lecture学术性的演讲,讲课aseriesoflectureon…17.officer,officialofficer部队的军官,official政府官员anarmyofficer18.work,job二者均指工作。work不可数,job可数agoodjob19.couple,paircouple主要指人或动物,pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers20.country,nation,state,landcountry侧重指版图,疆域,nation指人民,国民,民族,state侧重指政府,政体,land国土,国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.21.cook,cookercook厨师,cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.22.damage,damagesdamage不可数名词,损害,损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900damages23.police,policemanpolice警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,policeman指某个具体的警察Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.24.problem,questionproblem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用25.man,amanman人类,aman一个男人Manwillconquernature.26.chick,chicken二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.27.telegram,telegraph当电报解时,telegram指具体的,telegraph指抽象的atelegram,bytelegraph28.trip,journey,travel,voyagetravel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip29.sport,gamesport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;game指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.30.price,prizeprice价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.31.anumberof,thenumberofanumberof许多,谓语动词用复数。thenumberof…的数目,谓语动词用单数。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.32.infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof范围外的前面,inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.33.oftheday,ofadayoftheday每一天的,当时的,当代的,ofaday暂时的,不长久的afamousscientistoftheday34.threeofus,thethreeofusthreeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个,thethreeofus我们三个(就三个人)Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.35.bybus,onthebusbybus表手段,方式,不用冠词,onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.36.foramoment,forthemomentforamoment片刻,一会儿,forthemoment暂时,一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.37.nextyear,thenextyearnextyear将来时间状语,thenextyear过去将来时间状语Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.38.morethanayear,morethanoneyearmorethanayear一年多,morethanoneyear超过一年(两年或三年等)39.takeadvice,takethe(one's)advicetakeadvice征求意见,taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.40.takeair,taketheairtakeair传播,走漏,taketheair到户外去,散步Wetaketheaireveryday.41.inaword,inwordsinaword总之,一句话,inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.42.inplaceof,intheplaceofinplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.43.insecret,inthesecretinsecret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作状语;inthesecret知道内情,知道秘密,一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.44.agirl,onegirlagirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?45.takeachair,takethechairtakeachair相当于sitdown坐下,takethechair开始开会46.gotosea,bysea,bytheseagotosea当海员,出航,bysea乘船,由海路,bythesea在海边gobysea47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacherthedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris48.inoffice,intheofficeinoffice在职的,intheoffice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.49.inbed,onthebedinbed卧在床上,onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.50.inchargeof,inthechargeofinchargeof管理,负责照料,inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.51.inclass,intheclassinclass在课上,intheclass在班级里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.52.onfire,onthefireonfire着火,onthefire在火上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.53.outofquestion,outofthequestionoutofquestion毫无疑问的,outofthequestion不可能的54.asecond,thesecondasecond又一,再一,thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize.55.byday,bythedaybyday白天,bytheday按天计算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.56.thepeople,apeoplethepeople指人,apeople指民族TheChineseisapeace-lovingpeople.57.it,oneit同一物体,one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.58.that,thisthat指代上文所提到的,this导出下文所要说的Iwasill.That'swhy…59.none,nothing,noonenone强调有多少,nothing,noone强调有没有,nothing指物,noone指人---Howmany…/Howmuch…?---None.60.anyone,anyoneanyone指人,不能接of,anyone指人物均可,可接ofanyoneofyou61.who,whatwho指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.62.what,whichwhat的选择基础是无限制的,which在一定范围内进行选择Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?63.other,anotherother后接名词复数,another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent64.notali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