英汉委婉语的对比研究

266200712()JournalofZhengzhouInstituteofAeronauticalIndustryManagement(SocialScienceEdition)Vo.l26No.62007.12:2007-10-09:,,,英汉委婉语的对比研究王戈冰(,470003):文章分析了英汉委婉语的起源构成等方面的异同,对常用英汉委婉语进行了对比分析,并概括总结了委婉语的特点:委婉语;文化差异;特点:H31:A:1009-1750(2007)06-0114-03Euphemism,eu-phemismos-euwel,lpleasant,-phemespeech,euphemismeuphemism:Anindirectwordorphrasethatpeopleoftenusetorefertosth.embarrassingorunpleasant,sometimestomakeitseemmoreacceptablethanitreallyis.,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,theEumenides()Eringes(),:TheGreatLev-eller(),TheGreatWhipper-in(),,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,Majesty,,YourMajesty,His/HerMajesty,Excellency()Honourable(),Excellency,Honourable,,,,slaves,Negroes,theblackpeople,thecoloredpeople,AfricanAmericans,,,,2060,,chairperson()stateperson()congressperson()personman,,,,,:BM(bowelmovement);XYZ(Examineyourzip-114:per):bra(brassiere),conman(confidenceman):jay(joint),pee(piss),,,,,,,:;//;:fat()plump(),ugly()plain/homely();plumber()sanitaryengineer(),:/,:pimple()blossom(),died()havedeparted(),,,,,:growth()cancer(),it,problem,thingsituation()(),,1.,,,,,cancerthebigcCD(canc-erdisease),leprosyhansensdisease.deafhardofhearing,tuberculosistheoldmansfriend,,,:,,,,,,,,,insane,feeble-minded,softintheheadunsoundinmind,mentallyil,l2.,go,depart,departfromthisworld,gotoabetterworld,dothewayofallflesh,passaway,,,,,,end,expire,:,,,tobewithGod,,,,thecallofGod,togohome,thefinaldeparture,tohavebetterplace,,,,,,3.,,,,tomakelove,tohavesexapproach,,,,,,,4.,,,engineer,,Engineerengineer-cian,-ist,-or,gardener()landscapearch-itect(),fileclerk()researchcon-sultant(),drycleaner()dryclean-ingengineer(),barber()beaut-ician(),,,,,,,,:1156()265.,washroom,bathroom,restroom,comfortstation,powderroom,ladies,gents,WC(watercloset)toilet,totear,topowderonesnose,gotoWC,gotothepotty,wee-wee,,,John,Jackets,Jane,,gotoJohn,6.,backwardcountries(),undeveloped(),:developingcountries()developing,developedcountries(),,Strikeindustrialaction,riot()disturbance(),,,,,:(Gresh-amslaw)(thelawofsuccession),,--,gay,,,,Weareyoungandgay,,,,,(poorandbackwardcountries):(undevelopedcoun-tries)(under-developedcountries)(developingcountries),(theThirdWorldcountries)(thesoutherncountries),,,,:die(死,一般语体,被取代的词语)passaway(逝世,正式语体)poff(翘辫子,随便语体)seeMarx(去见马克思,随便语体),,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1]何善芬.英汉语言对比研究[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2002.[2]吴平.英汉修辞手段比较[M].合肥:安徽教育出版社,2001.[3]王振亚.语言与文化[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.:AComparisonBetweenEnglishandChineseEuphemismsWANGGebingAbstract:ThroughtheanalysesoftheoriginandcompositionofEnglishandChineseeuphemisms,thepaperpointsouttheirsimilar-itiesandculturaldifferencesofeuphemismincommonuseandsumsupthecharacteristicofeuphemism.Keywords:euphemism;culturaldifference;characteristic116