本科毕业论文--基于matlab的变频器的仿真研究

I摘要目前国际形势纷乱复杂、能源危机日益突出，能源瓶颈已经逐渐成为了制约国民经济持续发展的主要因素之一，迫切需要提高工农业生产中的能源利用率。而随着电力电子技术、计算机技术、自动控制技术的迅速发展，交流变频调速技术得到了迅速发展，其显著的节能效益，高精确的调速精度，宽泛的调速范围，完善的保护功能，以及易于实现的自动通信功能，得到了广大用户的认可。在运行的安全可靠、安装使用、维修维护等方面，也给使用者带来了极大的便利。因此，研究交—直—交变频调速系统的基本工作原理和作用特性意义十分重大。本文根据变频器的基本工作原理和工作特性，设计了一种电压源型交-直-交变频器。主要内容如下:（1）设计变频器的工作原理系统框图，选择用到的元件并确定其参数（2）通过MATLAB/SIMULINK搭建交—直—交变频调速系统的仿真模型（3）进行仿真，得到仿真波形仿真结果表明所设计系统的控制效果是比较理想的，仿真实验证明该系统运行良好，设计切实可行。关键词：变频器；异步电机；MATLAB仿真；交流调速IIThesimulationandresearchofthefrequencyconverterbasedonMATLABAbstractAsthecurrentinternationalsituationiscomplexandconfusing,energycrisisisbecomingmoreandmoreserious,theenergybottleneckhasgraduallybecometheoneofthemainfactorsrestrictingthenationaleconomysustainabledevelopment,thereisaurgentneedtoenhancetheutilizationrateoftheenergyintheproductionofindustryandagriculture.Alongwiththerapiddevelopmentofpowerelectronictechnology,computertechnology,automaticcontroltechnology,ACvariablefrequencyspeedcontroltechnologyhasbeenrapidlydeveloped,itssignificantenergyefficiency,highprecisespeedcontrolprecision,widespeedrange,perfectprotectionfunction,andeasytoachievecommunicationfunctionhasbeenrecognizedbythevastnumbersofusers.Italsobringgreatconveniencetotheusersinthesafeandreliableinstallation,using,maintenanceandrepairoperation.Accordingtothebasicprincipleandcharacteristicsoftheconverter,thispaperdesignedavoltagesourcetypeAC-DC-ACconverter.Themaincontentsareasfollows:(1)Designtheworkingprinciplediagramoftheconvertersystem,choosetheelementswhichneedanddeterminetheparameters.(2)UsetheMATLAB/SIMULINKtobuildanAC-DC-ACspeedcontrolsystem.(3)Runningthesimulationandgetthesimulationwaveform.Thesimulationresultsshowthatthesystemcontroleffectisideal,thesimulationexperimentsprovethatthesystemoperateswell,thedesignisviable.Keywords:Frequencyconverter;Asynchronousmachine;MATLABsimulation;ACvariablespeedIII目录1引言................................................................11.1交流变频调速技术的发展与研究现状..............................11.2变频器的概况..................................................21.3变频器的发展过程和现状........................................31.3.1变频器的发展过程.........................................31.3.2变频器的现状.............................................41.3.3现代通用变频器的基本结构.................................51.4变频器的应用..................................................51.4.1节能调速.................................................61.4.2特大容量和极高转速的交流调速.............................61.4.3交流调速装置应用时注意事项...............................61.5通用变频器的术语和技术参数....................................71.5.1通用变频器的术语.........................................71.5.2通用变频器的技术参数.....................................71.6本文所做的工作................................................71.7本章小结......................................................82异步电动机..........................................................92.1异步电机的基本工作原理........................................92.2异步电机的静态数学模型.......................................112.3三相异步电动机的调速方法.....................................132.3.1交流调速的基本类型......................................132.3.2恒压频比变频调速系统控制原理及其机械特性................152.3.3恒压频比控制的基本电路..................................202.4本章小结.....................................................213变压变频调速系统中的脉宽调制（PWM）技术............................223.1PWM技术的发展................................................223.2PWM控制技术的分类............................................233.3PWM控制性能指标..............................................233.4本章小结.....................................................254变频器的设计.......................................................264.1三相电压型交-直-交变频器的基本构成及工作原理.................264.1.1三相电压型交-直-交变频器的基本构成......................264.1.2三相电压型交-直-交变频器的工作原理......................284.2整流器的工作原理及参数计算...................................294.2.1整流器的工作原理........................................294.2.2整流元件的选择..........................................31IV4.2.3电抗器参数计算..........................................314.3逆变器的工作原理.............................................324.4驱动保护电路的设计...........................................344.4.1过电压保护..............................................344.4.2过电流保护..............................................354.5本章小结.....................................................365基于MATLAB的仿真研究..............................................375.1MATLAB/SIMULINK简介..........................................375.2变频器各主要模块仿真分析.....................................385.2.1整流器的仿真............................................385.2.2逆变器的仿真............................................415.2.3PI控制电路的仿真.......................................425.2.4PWM波的产生设计与仿真..................................435.3交-直-交变频系统综合仿真分析.................................445.4本章小结.....................................................506结论与展望.........................................................516.1结论.........................................................516.2展望.........................................................51致谢...............................................................53参考文献.....................