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光伏储能及其充放电及其计算I摘要随着全球经济社会的不断发展，能源消费也相应的持续增长，化石能源越来越突显出它的稀缺性。在这种化石能源供应日趋紧张的背景下，很有必要大规模利用和开发可再生能源。太阳能作为取之不尽、清洁干净的资源成为人类开发研究的热点，并已经取得了显著的效果。作为分布式发电的理想能源，独立型光伏发电系统解决了一些地方用电难的问题，已经明显提高了人民生活水平。本文讨论光伏发电系统的发展状况以及应用前景，对独立型光伏发电系统进行研究与设计。本文以基于储能系统的独立型光伏发电系统为研究对象，阐述了独立型光伏发电的基本原理及其发展趋势。对光伏系统的最大功率追踪控制方法(MPPT)进行了分析，通过对草坪灯的设计，进一步分析光伏发电系统。文章给出了光伏系统的容量设计计算，其中包括光伏电池组板功率计算，蓄电池容量及充放电计算。通过计算系统容量并考虑经济方面的因素，选定适合系统的各个元件。本文通过对太阳能草坪灯的研究设计，实现光伏储能及其充放电，进一步肯定光伏发电在现代社会能源战略中的重要地位。关键词：光伏发电最大功率跟踪MPPT储能系统充放电IIAbstractAstheglobaleconomicandsocialdevelopment,thecontinuedgrowthofenergyconsumptionandthecorrespondingfossilenergybecomemoreandmorehighlightsitsscarcity.Underthebackgroundofthiskindoffossilenergysupplyhasbecomeincreasinglytense,itisnecessarytolarge-scaleuseanddevelopmentofrenewableenergy.Solarenergyasaninexhaustible,cleanresourcesbecomeahotspotofresearchonhumandevelopment,andhasachievedsignificanteffect.Asanidealenergy,distributedgenerationphotovoltaicgeneratingsystemsolvestheindependentmodel,thedifficultyofsomelocalelectricity,hassignificantlyimprovedpeople'slivingstandard.Thisarticlediscussesthedevelopmentstatusandapplicationprospectofphotovoltaicpowergenerationsystem,theindependentmodelphotovoltaicpowergenerationsystemresearchanddesign.Inthispaper,basedontheenergystoragesystemoftheindependentmodelofphotovoltaicpowergenerationsystemastheresearchobject,thispaperexpoundstheindependentmodel,thebasicprincipleofthephotovoltaicpowergenerationanditsdevelopmenttrend.Forphotovoltaicsystemwasanalyzed,andtheMaximumpowertracking(MPPT)controlmethod,throughtothelawnlampdesign,furtheranalysisofphotovoltaicpowergenerationsystems.Capacityofthephotovoltaicsystemdesigncalculationisanalyzed,includingphotovoltaicbatteryboardpowercalculation,batterycapacity,calculationofchargeanddischarge.Throughthecalculationofsystemcapacityandtoconsidereconomicfactors,selectedissuitableforthevarioussystemcomponents.Inthispaper,throughthestudyofsolarenergylawnlampdesign,realizationofphotovoltaicenergystorageanditschargeanddischarge,furthersurephotovoltaicenergystrategytheimportantpositioninmodernsociety.Keywords：photovoltaic(pv)generation;MaximumpowertrackingMPPT;Energystoragesystem;ChargeanddischargeIII目录摘要..................................................................................................................IAbstract..........................................................................................................II第一章引言..........................................................................................................11.1背景与意义...............................................................................................11.2发展前景与面临的问题...........................................................................41.3本文研究的主要内容..............................................................................6第二章光伏发电原理与基本特性分析..........................................................72.1光伏电池..................................................................................................72.1.1光伏电池的种类............................................................................72.1.2硅太阳电池的结构及工作原理.....................................................82.2光伏电池的结构与特性分析.................................................................102.2.1光伏电池等效电路.......................................................................102.2.2光伏电池的电气特性....................................................................112.3环境因素对太阳能电池输出特性的影响............................................122.4光伏阵列最大功率跟踪.........................................................................142.4.1最大功率跟踪控制原理...............................................................142.4.2最大功率跟踪控制方法..............................................................142.5本章小结................................................................................................17第三章储能系统的分析设计............................................................................183.1蓄电池....................................................................................................183.1.1蓄电池的分类与应用...................................................................183.1.2酸蓄电池工作原理及其SOC估计及其容量的计算...............213.1.3光伏系统对蓄电池性能要求分析..............................................243.2蓄电池充放电特性分析.........................................................................263.3蓄电池超级电容混合储能系统..........................................................273.3.1混合储能性能分析......................................................................273.3.2储能系统结构..............................................................................293.4本章小结.................................................................................................29第四章光伏储能及充放电控制系统的设计....................................................304.1控制电路总体设计方案.........................................................................304.2系统电路设计.........................................................................................314.2.1系统主电路设计.....................................................................