2014高考英语虚拟语气

虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。虚拟语气的概念IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.IfIlivedonthemoonatpresent,Imightseethebeauty—Chang’e.If…________sth,…________________sth.did/were（过去式）would/could/might/shoulddo（动词原形）1.Contrarytothepresent（与现在事实相反）Ifyouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday,youwouldhavemether.Ifthedoctorhadcomelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.If…______sth,…________________sth.2.Contrarytothepast（与过去相反）haddone（过去完成）would/could/might/shouldhavedone（现在完成）IfIhadtimenextweek,Iwouldhelpyou.IfIshouldhavetimenextweek,Iwouldhelpyou.IfIweretohavetimenextweek,Iwouldhelpyou.If…_________sth,…______________sth.would/could/might/shoulddo（原形）3.Contrarytothefuture（与将来事实相反）didweretodoshoulddo一、虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去相反的假设与将来相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)主语+should,would,might,could＋动词原形If+主语+had+过去分词主语＋should,would,might,could＋havedone1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形主语＋should,wouldmight,could＋动词原形1.Ifit(be)finenow,I_______(go)shopping.2.Ifhe_________(drive)morecarefully,he_________(nothave)anaccidentyesterday.3.Ifit________________(be)ChristmasDaytomorrow,I_____________(get)somegifts.4.IfmyEnglishteacherhadn’thelpedme,I_____thefirstprizeintheWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon【2009福建高考】werewouldgohaddrivenwouldnothavehadwere/should/weretobewouldgetBGroupwork：我收获，我创作Workingroupsoffourtomakeapoemofwishes.Eachofyouwillmakeasentencebyusing“IfIwere…,Iwould….”.Jointhesentencestogetherandendthepoemwiththesentence“ButsadlyI’mnot,soImustmakethebestoflifeasitis.”IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthebluesky.IfIwereababy,Iwouldnevercry.IfIwereabrightstar,Iwouldshineatnight.IfIwereamillionaire,Iwouldtraveleverywhere.ButsadlyI’mnot,soImustmakethebestoflifeasitis.”二、错综时间条件句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．1.Thismachineisofgoodquality.Ifit_____breakdowninthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might2.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI______inlovewithplayingthepianoattheageofseven.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.weretofallC.shouldfallD.hadnotfallen【2009天津高考】BD三.虚实错综条件虚拟语气（虚实错综句是指虚拟现象与客观事实交织在一起的句子。）常用句型：虚拟主句+but/unfortunately+事实1、--Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.----I____it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended2、They______havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.•willB.canC.mustD.should这类题需要我们细心判断哪一处是虚拟语气，哪一处是陈述语气。通常是陈述语气用动词过去式表明过去的事实，虚拟语气中的谓语动词该用“would/should/could/might+havedone”的形式。DD四.含蓄条件虚拟语气（即含有with,without/butfor,otherwise/or等词的虚拟句。）1、I_______throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone2、We________John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.A.willputB.wouldhaveputC.WillhaveputD.wouldput含有without/butfor,otherwise/or等词的句子，谓语结构等同于含if的主从句中主句的谓语结构；要根据具体情况判断谓语动词的虚拟时间，然后再对号入座。ABIfitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.Shoulditraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.Ifwehadworkedharder,wewouldhavewonthegame.Hadweworkedharder,wewouldhavewonthegame.二、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.=WereIyou,Iwouldstudyhard.二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用过去虚拟式：即表现在用过去式，表过去用过去完成，表将来用过去将来。※wish※asif/asthough※evenif※ifonly“要是…该多好”-----Doyouhaveatypewriter?-----No,butIwishI______.A.haveB.hadC.doD.hadhadB现在过去将来did（were）haddonewoulddoItis(high/about)timethat…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should不能省略．It’shightimewe______tothetheater.A.willB.shallC.aregoingtoD.wentwould(had)rather(宁愿）I’dratheryou___anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.doB.didn’tdoC.don’tD.didn’tD现在过去将来did（were）haddonedid（were）B1）在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that....”中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形，但如表示惊讶、怀疑、不可置信等含义是，should意为竟然，不省。1.我们有必要出去散散步。It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.2。--It'shardtobelievethatJack____havefoughtwiththepoliceman.---Yes.Ifone______askfortrouble,itcan'tbehelped.A.would;willB.must;mayC.should;mustD.need;dare现在虚拟式：主语+（should）+动词原形，C两个坚持：insist（“坚决要求/坚决主张”），urge(“极力主张/强烈要求”)两个命令:order，command四条建议:suggest（建议）,advise,propose,recommend；四项要求:demand,desire,require,request后用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形Thegeneralorderedthatthethief_______.A.bepunishedB.wouldpunishC.wouldbepunishedD.shouldpunishAHerpalefacesuggestedthatshe_____(be)illandwesuggestedthatshe__________(send))tohospitalatonce.Heinsistedthatthelady_______(steal)herwalletandthatshe____________(take)tothepoliceatonce.was(should)besentstole(should)betaken注意：suggest当表示“暗示、表明“时，insist表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“（should）＋动词原形”should可以省略．Weallagreedtohersuggestionthatwe_________totheGreatWallforsightseeing.A.willgoB.goC.shallgoD.shouldhavegoneBB.在Itisdemanded/suggested/ordered/required….that-clause句型中从句用(should)+动词原型Itisdemandedthatweshouldworkoutaplan.C.在Itisapity/ashame/nowonderthat…..句型中从句