高考复习指导———定语从句中应注意的几个问题一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人who,whom,that指代事物which,that所属关系whose,ofwhich指地点where指时间when指原因why二、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换,但下列情况只用that。All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?Thereislittle_______canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuch________amuseschildren.thatthatthatthat先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词,引导定语从句用that。Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_______I’veeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,引导定语从句用that。I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Nosample________wenavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_________waspresentatthetime.thatthatthatthat先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时,引导定语从句用that。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_________theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing________sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时,引导定语从句用that.Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who_______youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?thatthatWho做先行词时,引导定语从句用that。Welldone!三、不用that,而用which,who,whom的情况Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,________Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中,指事物用which,指人用who或whom。Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhichwhich在介词后面,指事物用which,指人用whom。注意:如何判断介词Thegirl_____whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish,______allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert.within3、根据先行次判断,所用的介词与先行词搭配Therate______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Thisisourclassroom,_______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.atinthefrontofThecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_______arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof________waswrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_______isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_______isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_______Idon’tunderstand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词/代词/数词+of+which/whomWhere引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词,用引导定语从句。从句做状语。Thisisthetownwhere(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.I’llshowyouthepaintwhereyoufailed.注意1若定语从句缺主语或谓语,用which或that引导定语从句。Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.wherewhichwhich注意2区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时,是定语从句,否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.When引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句。从句作状语。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBijing.Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbebusy.注意:若定语从句缺主语或宾语,用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Isentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhy引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词,用引导定语从句。从句作状语。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.which\thatwhose引导的定语从句。表示所属关系。Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstithesea.whoseThereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose