经典被动语态解析

语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：ManystudentsstudyEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.(被动语态)语态bymanystudents.1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.Englishisstudied2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.I.一般现在时的被动语态结构：is/are+过去分词•1.TheyplayfootballonSunday.•2.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.•3.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.•4.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.3.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.结构：am/is/are+过去分词1.TheOlympicGameseveryfouryears.（2013年新课标版，32）AareheldB．wereheldCareholdingD．willhold2.TodayChinese__________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.（2014年北京真题，35）A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speakAB1.Theyboughtacomputerlastterm．bythemlastterm.II.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词lastyear.2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyear.ManytreeswereplantedAcomputerwasboughtThelostboy____atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfortask1.Themanrepairedthecaryesterday.Thecar_____________bythemanyesterday.2.MrSongencouragedustostudyhardlastweek.We________________tostudyhardbyMissPenglastweek.wasrepairedwereencouraged•5.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.•6.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.•7.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.•8.Theyusedtheroomsforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Theroomswereusedforrestingbythem.1.Theroad_______lastyear.（10年北京真题，34）A.buildsB.builtC.wasbuiltD.isbuilt2.ThedoctorlookedoverPetercarefullyafterhe_____tothehospital.（09北京真题，36）A.takesB.istakenC.tookD.wastakenCD面条昨天被妈妈吃了Translatethissentence.Thenoodleswereeatenbymotheryesterday.这些建筑物是工人们在1982年建的。Translatethissentence.Thesebuildingswerebuiltbyworkersin1982.Verb(原形)Pasttense(过去式)PP.(过去分词)taketookeatategrowgrewbuildbuiltsendsentbuyboughtfeedfedIrregularVerbs(部分不规则动词)takeneatengrownbuiltsentboughtfedIII.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.AmycantakegoodcareofGina．byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.Morewatershouldbedrunkbyyou.9.Hecantakecareofthebaby.10.Lucymaydrawthepictures.11.Youmustturnoffthelights.12.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：willbe+过去分词1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.•Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.•Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.•Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构is/am/are+being＋过去分词1.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．bysomeworkersnow.Theroomsarebeingpainted2.HeiswatchingTV.TVisbeingwatchedbyhim.6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构have/has＋been＋过去分词1.Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．byus.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmade2.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.这些书是为儿童写的。被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.It’ssaid/reported/+that…据说/据报道It’sreportedthatitwillraintomorrow.据报道，明天会下雨。（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.二.主语+谓语V+间接宾语+直接宾语1.(1).givesbsth(2).passsbsth(3).showsbsth(4).sendsbsth注意(1)将sb转变成被动句中的主语(2)将sth转变成被动句中的主语,别忘+to(5).teachsbsth(6).tellsbsthLiPinggavehimanapple.Eg:(1).He_______anappleby______.wasgiven(2).Anapple__________himbyLiPing.LiPingwasgivento2.(1).makesbsth(2).buysbsth(3).cooksbsth(1)将sb转变成被动句中的主语(2)将sth转变成被动句中的主语,别忘+for注意Eg:Sheboughtmeanewskirt.(1).I________anewskirtbyher.(2).Anewskirt___________meby____.wasboughtwasboughtforher三.被动语态注意事项：1.Vi没有被动语态(1).happen(2).takeplace(3).belongtoThecarisn’tbelongedtome.Thecardoesn’tbelongtome.Eg:12Itwashappened2yearsago.Ithappened2yearsago.3.Greatchangesweretakenplace2yearsago.took2.特殊系动词没有被动语态(1).Thefruitwastasteddelicious.tasted(2).Hisfacewasturnedred.turned________________改错________3.表状态的vt,如fit(合适),cost(花费)无被动语态Thecoatisfittedmewell.fits_______改错Thewatchiscost100yuan._____costs4.三个使役动词在被动中要还原toLetsbdo..makesbdo..havesbdo..Thebossmadehimwork10hours.He___made__work10hours(byboss).Eg:wasto5.感官动词在被动中也要还原tododoingSeesbwatchhearIsawtheboyreadthebook.Theboy__________readthebook.wasseentoEg:So助动词情态动词连系动词主语表示”A怎样,B也一样”++1.Heisateacher.So___I.2.Shecanplaysoccer.So___Tom.3.HelikeswatchingTV.So___I.So____mymother.amcandodoes[6].①Goodmedicine___bittertothemouth.A.tastesB.istastedC.taste②Thispen___well.A.issoldB.sellC.sells感官动词,和sell等动词用主动语态表被动..思考3:选择1.Thepen___well.A.iswrittenB.writes2.Themusic___nice.A.soundsB.issoundedBA有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义注意问题3：1.read,sell,last,wash,write等带状语（well,easily)时。如:Herbooksellswell.2.感官动词feel,look,smell,sound,taste等与形容词连用时。如：Thecaketastesdelicious.[7].Manypeople___duringtheearthquakeinMay,2008.A.werediedB.deadC.diedhappen,last,die等动词不使用被动.1.Itwillhappenin50years.()2.Itwillbehappenedin50yea