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成都理工大学工程技术学院毕业论文五层电梯的自动控制设计作者姓名：高向旭专业名称：电气工程及其自动化指导教师：王安讲师五层电梯的自动控制设计-I-摘要电梯是楼宇现代文明的标志，已成为高层建筑中不可缺少的垂直交通工具。随着科学技术的发展，近年来，我国的电梯生产技术得到了迅速发展，随着自动控制理论与微电子技术的发展，电梯的拖动方式与控制手段均发生了很大的变化，交流调速是当前电梯拖动的主要发展方向。目前电梯控制系统主要有三种控制方式：继电器控制系统、PLC控制系统、微机控制系统。继电器控制系统由于故障率高、可靠性差、控制方式不灵活以及消耗功率大等缺点，目前已逐渐被淘汰。微机控制系统虽在智能控制方面有较强的功能，但也存在抗扰性差、系统设计复杂。一般维修人员难以掌握其维修技术等缺陷。而PLC控制系统由于运行可靠性高，使用维修方便，抗干扰性强，设计和调试周期较短等优点，倍受人们重视等优点，已成为目前在电梯控制系统中使用最多的控制方式，目前也广泛用于传统继电器电梯控制系统的技术改造。关键词：电梯控制系统PLC程序设计五层电梯的自动控制设计-II-AbstractBuildingelevatorisasignofmoderncivilizationandhasbecomeindispensableforhigh-risebuildingintheverticaltransport.Alongwithsciencesandtechnologysdevelopment,therecentyears,ourcountry'selevatorproductiontechnologyobtainedtherapidlyexpand.Theelevatormainlydividesintothemechanicalsystemandthecontrolsystemtwomaiorparts,alongwiththeautomaticcontroltheoryandmicroelectronictechnologysdevelopment,elevatorsdraggingwayandthecontrolmethodhashadtheverybigchange,theexchangevelocitymodulationisthecurrentelevatordraggingmaindevelopmentdirection.Atpresenttheliftcontrolsystemmainlyhasthreecontrolmodes：Followingelectriccrircuitcontrolsystem,PLCcontrol,microcomputercontrolsystem.Becausetheblack-whitecontrolsystemthefailurerateishigh,thereliabilityisbad,controlmodenotnimbleaswellasconsumedpowerbigandsoonshortcomings,atpresenthasbeeneliminatedgradually.Keywords:Elevator，Controlsystem，PLC，Programdesign五层电梯的自动控制设计-III-目录摘要.................................................................................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................................................................II目录..............................................................................................................................III前言................................................................................................................................11电梯的概述.............................................................................................................21.1电梯的起源和发展.........................................................................................21.2电梯的分类.....................................................................................................31.3电梯的主要性能指标.....................................................................................42电梯控制系统.........................................................................................................72.1电梯的结构.....................................................................................................72.2电力拖动系统.................................................................................................82.3电气控制系统.................................................................................................82.4电梯的工作原理.............................................................................................93PLC可编程序控制器..........................................................................................103.1PLC的定义....................................................................................................103.2PLC的特点....................................................................................................103.3PLC的结构及工作原理................................................................................113.3.1PLC结构............................................................................................113.3.2工作原理...........................................................................................133.4PLC控制系统与继电器控制系统的比较....................................................144电梯的PLC设计...................................................................................................164.1电梯的控制要求...........................................................................................164.2电梯PLC控制系统设计...............................................................................164.3PLC的选择....................................................................................................164.4电梯结构图...................................................................................................184.5输入输出分配表...........................................................................................194.6内部继电器说明...........................................................................................204.7PLC梯形图....................................................................................................21总结..............................................................................................................................24致谢..............................................................................................................................25参考文献....................................................................................................................26五层电梯的自动控制设计-1-前言电梯作为现代智能建筑内的代步工具，越来越显示出它的重要作用。传统的电梯控制系统主要采用继电器--接触器进行控制，其缺点是触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、维修工作量大等，而采用PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上述问题。PLC是集计算机控制、自动控制技术、通信技术为一体的新型自动控制装置。它的编程软件采用易学易懂的梯形图语言!控制灵方便，抗干扰能力强，运行稳定可靠