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公共英语3级精讲班第5讲讲义DialogueDialogue:MattTayloristalkingwithoneofhisviewersabouthisjobasatelevisionweatherforecasterLanguagepoints:1.weatherforecaster天气预报员2.IjoinedtheBBCWeatherCentreinJune1992anddidmyfirstlivebroadcastaboutsixmonthslater.我1992年进入BBC天气预报中心，六个月以后进行我第一次的现场播报。live:transmittedwhileactuallyhappening,notrecordedoredited.livefootballgamealiverecordingmadeattheconcert3.Iampassionateabouttheweather.我对天气非常有热情。bepassionateabout对某方面有热情4.Idoexercisestocalmmyselfdown多做一些练习使自己镇静下来。calmdown5.It’simportanttoknowwhatelementsoftheforecastaresubjecttoerror.知道预报的哪部分容易出错是重要的。besubjectto:oftenhaving,sufferingorundergoingsth;liabletosth常有、常患或遭受某事物、倾向某事物Areyousubjecttocolds?Trainsaresubjecttodelayaftertheheavysnowfalls.Thetimetableissubjecttoalternation.MonologueMonologue1:ThisisasummaryoftheBBClivebroadcastbyJayWynnefortheU.K.onSeptember16th,20041.Overnightintothe16thSeptember2004wesawthewindsstrengthenoverthenorthwestoftheU.K.Thosemightywindspulledinabankofcloudandsomepatchyrainthroughthesmallhoursandintothefirstpartofthemorning.2004年9月16日英国西北部风力加强，风带来了大片的云彩，早晨上半时有短时零星小雨。abankofcloud:flattoppedmassofcloud,snow,etc,formedbythewind顶部平坦的云堆，雪堆等（主要是由风构成的）Thesunwentbehindabankofclouds.2.Forthebulkoftheday,EnglandandWalesweredryandbrightwiththeearlysunshinegivingwaytoabitmorecloudthroughtheafternoonasthewindspickedupalittle.一天的大部分时间，英格兰与威尔士天气晴朗阳光充沛，下午多云有风。thebulkofmainpartofsth某事物的大部分Thebulkoftheworkhasbeendone.Theeldestsoninheritedthebulkoftheestate.3.MostplaceshadafinedaywithsomesunshinewithNorfolkseeingthelion’ssharewith11fullhoursworth.大多数地区都有阳光充沛的好天气，诺福得地区天气最好，一天有11个小时的阳光。1）thelion’sshare得到最好的一份2）worth:theamountofsththatwilllastforaspecifiedlengthoftime某物能持续某段时间的量aday’sworthoffuel能用一天的燃料twoweeks’worthofsupplies能维持两个星期的供应品4.ThroughtheeveningtherainclearedawayfromNorthernIrelandandmostofScotlandandthewindsbegantoease.夜晚北爱尔兰和苏格兰大部的雨逐渐减小，风逐渐停止。1）clearaway减小2）ease减轻Monologue2:HelenTaylorisaradioweatherforecastandthefollowingishersummaryoftheweatherconditionsfortheU.K.onMonday,the13thofSeptember2004.1.DuringtheearlyhoursabandofshoweryrainsweptacrosstheU.K.andtheclearingskiesmeantacoldstarttothedayforNorthernIrelandwhichsawtemperaturesfallbackto6Celsius.上午瓢泼大雨席卷英国，北爱尔兰温度骤降到六摄氏度。1)abandofshoweryrainabandof一群、一伙、一帮2)sweepacross:movequicklyoveranarea扫过，掠过Thefiresweptrapidlyacrossthewoodedcountryside.2.Howeveritdidleavebehindalegacyofblusteryshowers.然而它留下了大风与暴雨。1）leavebehind留下2）alegacyofblusteryshowersalegacyof先人或过去遗留下来的东西Monologue3:Thefollowingisanewsreportaboutclimateandeconomy.1.Wheretheclimateistooinhospitabletogrowmuchfood.这些地区天气不适合种许多的谷物。beinhospitableto不适合的，不好客的Itisinhospitableofyounottoofferheradrink.2.Wehearaboutnaturaldisastersand“actsofGod”whichwipeoutcrops,sometimesentireharvests,andcausemillionsofpoundsofdamage我们听说过自然灾害和“无法抵御的自然力量”,它们摧毁谷物，甚至是整个丰收，导致上百英镑的损失。wipeout:destroysthcompletely彻底消灭或摧毁某事物Wholevillageswerewipedoutinthebombingraids.3.Insurancecompaniesmaysufferlossesofbillionsofpounds,alsodestabilizingcertainindustriesastheirlossesandpremiummountup.保险公司可能遭受几十亿财产的损失，随着损失和保险金的增长也会动摇某些产业。mountup：increaseinamountorintensity增加、上升Thedeathtollmountedupto100.PassagePassage:Scientistshavedifferentpointsofview.Somethinkthathumanactivitieshavealteredtheearth’sclimate.Othersarguethatthistemperaturetrendisanaturalvariation.Backgroundknowledge:1.GreenhouseEffect:theheat-trappingcapacityoftheatmosphere温室效应2.GlobalWarming:全球变暖LanguagePoints:1.Indeed,wereitnotfortheheat-trappingactionofclouds,watervapor,carbondioxide,andothergases,theearth’snaturalclimatewouldbeabout33°Ccoolerthanitis.确实，如果不是云水蒸汽、二氧化碳和其余气体的吸热作用，地球的自然温度将比现在低33摄氏度。Wereitnotfor------Ifitwerenotfor------虚拟语气if省略的倒装形式2.Butothershavepointedoutthatcarbondioxideincreasesandawarmingclimatecouldencouragethespreadofdestructivepests,includingweedsanddisease-carryinginsects.但是有人指出二氧化碳增加和气候变暖能够鼓励害虫、野草和传播疾病的昆虫的的传播。1)pointout:directattentiontosth使注意某事物pointoutamistakeImustpointoutthatfurtherdelaywouldbeunwise.2)includingprep.havingsthasapart包括Thebandplayedmanysongs,includingsomeofmyfavorites.Salesuptoandincludinglastmonthamountedto$100.000.ExercisesExercises:UseofEnglishWords:acclimatization动植物适应环境indigenous土生土长的physiology生理学allege陈述、宣称perspire流汗altitude海拔hormone激素、荷尔蒙主要考察对全文的理解及词汇量2.moderate温和的,extreme极度的、极端的,apparent明显的,present当前的3.construction建筑,building建筑,structure结构,frame框架5.instances例子,circumstances环境、情形,substances物质,reluctances不愿意做某事7.procedures程序,expenses花费,processes过程,environment环境8.temporary短期的,tremendous巨大的,tropical热带的,temperate温和的,9.undertake承担,undergo经历，经受,underestimate过分低估某事14.unaided没有帮助的,unannoyed不生气的,unchecked没被检查的,uncounted无法计算的15.measured可测量的,monopolized垄断的,mediated调解的,modified缓和、改善的19.fundamental基本的,practical实际的,essential基本的，本质的ReadingComprehensionPartATalkaboutthehistoryofmeteorology.Howdidtheweatherforecastcomeintobeing?1.第一段第二句“Itsurelywouldnothavetakenearlymanlongtorealizethatthedarkstreaksintheskymovinghiswaymeantthathewasgoingtogetwet.”。2.第二段最后一句“Regularforecaststothepressbeganin1879”。3.第五段第二句“TheBBC’sthenDirectorGeneral,SirIanJacob,notedthat‘ayoungbuthig