高中定语从句的语法Grammar1.2

Grammar2定语从句中that与which的选择That与which的共同点:指物时，一般可以互换Susanwearsasuitthatsheboughtlastmonth.Susanwearsasuitwhichsheboughtlastmonth.只能用that不能用which①当先行词是不定代词时all/none/anything/nothing/everything/theone/muchAllthatcanbedonemustbedone.Weshouldmakeuseofeverythingthatisuseful.②当先行词被最高级、序数词以及thevery/theonly/theright/justthe修饰时ThisistheonlybookthatIcanfindinmydesk.HeistheveryguythatIwanttotalkto.Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistoeatsth.只能用that不能用which只能用that不能用which的情形③当先行词被all/little/few/much/some/any/no/every修饰时Anyonethatdoesn’tworkhardwon’tpasstheexam.AllthestudentsthatarestudyinginourclassarefromGuangdongprovince.④当主句前以which/who开头的特殊疑问词时(避免重复)Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?WhichballistheonethatbelongstoMike?只能用that不能用which的情形Chinaisnotthecountrythatitwas.I’mnotthefoolishgirlthatIwas.只能用that不能用which⑤当先行词在从句中作表语时只能用that不能用which⑥当先行词同时指物和人时,只能用that.Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatwehavevisitedinthecounty.只能用that不能用which7.有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词用which,另一个则用that.Theywenttoashopwhichsoldwomen’sclothesthatsuitedthem1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_____youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itChoosethebestanswers:4.Pleasetakethesecondchair__isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that5.Isoxygentheonlygas__helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice.(NMET98’)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.thatSummary:只能用that的情况1.先行词为all,everything,something,anything,little等不定代词时。2.先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。5.先行词既有人又有物时。6.在who或which引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用that引导。7.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时8.有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词用which,另一个则用that.只能用that的句型1.Isthereanythingelsethatyoudon’tunderstand?2.Allthebooksthatyouneedarehere.3.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.4.Thisisthesameknife(that)Ilostyesterday.5.Thisistheverypen(that)sheislookingfor.6.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools(that)hehadvisited.7.Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere.(二)只能用which不能用that①which可以引导非限制性定语从句，that不能Therecorder,whichIpaid200dollars,provestobeveryuseful.Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.②which之前可以有介词，而that不能Iwillneverforgettheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogether.Thisisthequestionaboutwhichtheyarediscussing.(二)只能用which不能用that的情形限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整.一般用逗号把主句和从句分开引导词：关系代词和关系副词，作宾语时一些关系代词可以省略引导词：who,whom,whose,which,ofwhich,when,where等，不用that,不能省略在下列情况中,只用who引导,不能用that1.all作先行词,且表示人时,用whoAll_______havestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.who注意:如果all表示是物的时,就用thatAllthatcanbedonehasbeendone.2.先行词是those,且指人时.Those______wanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.who3.在therebe结构中,先行词是人.Thereisayounglady_______asksforyou.who4.当先行词是指人的不定代词,如:one,anyone,noone,anybody.Thestudentyoushouldlearnfromistheone_______workshardandstudieswell.whoAreyouclearnow?OK.Let’sdosomeexercise!填空：1.Lookatthatlady______nameisPochi.2.Heisateacher_________Ilikeverymuch.3.Thosepictures_________weredrawnbyTomarenice.4.Those_____willgototheparkstayhere.5.Thatwasallthemoney______Ihad.whosewhom/thatwhich/thatwhothat6.Tomisthefirstboy_____lefttheroom.7.Lookattheboyandhisdog_____arecomingthisway.8.Youcanreadanybook_____Ihave.thatthatthat