动名词语法与配套练习

1必修四语法----动名词加配套练习2016-5-10动名词由动词+ing构成，具有动词和名词性质，其否定式在前加not,在句中起名词的作用，可作主，宾，表，定语。（一）动名词的时态和语态主动被动一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendoneHelikesbeinghelped.Hewasafraidofbeingleftalone.Thehouseshowednosignofhavingbeendamaged.I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.（二）动名词的语法作用：1．作主语Seeingisbelieving.Choosingwhattoeatisnotaseasyasbefore.Itisnouse/goodarguingwithhim.Itisawasteoftimedoing…Itisworthwhiledoing…Itisuselessdoing…Itisnofundoing…*动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别Playingwithfireisdangerous.（泛指玩火，指抽象的多次性的行为）Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.（指具体的某一次的动作）2．作宾语Ilikeswimming.Thestudentadmittedcheatingintheexam.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?Heisfondofplayingfootball.*下列动词或动词短语之后只接动名词作宾语（不接不定式作宾语）advise,allow,admit,appreciate,avoid,consider(考虑),dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,keep,mind,miss(错过),practise,permit,risk(冒险),resist（抵制）,delay（耽搁），suggest,can’thelp(情不自禁)，can’tstand(无法忍受),give2up,feellike,putoff,bebusy,keepon,insiston,havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagoodtime(in)，spend…in*to为介词的短语beaddictedto,beaccustomedto,beusedto,devoteoneselfto,getdownto,lookforwardto,objectto,stickto,leadto,payattentionto.*下列动词后可跟动名词作宾语，也可跟不定式作宾语，但意义不同。forget/remember/regrettodo忘记/记着/遗憾要做…forget/remember/regretdoing忘记/记着/后悔已做了…stoptodo停下来去做另一件事stopdoing停止正在做的事can’thelptodo…不能帮着去做…can’thelpdoing禁不住做…trytodo尽力去做…trydoing试着去做…meantodo打算，意欲做…meandoing意味着……IregrettotellyouthatIcan’thelpyouwiththeharvest.Heregrettedarguingwiththemanageryesterday.*动名词短语常用在以下结构中：havedifficulty(in)+doingsthhavetrouble(in)+doingsthhavefun(in)+doingsthhaveagoodtime(in)+doingsthhaveahardtime(in)+doingsth例1：Wehavegreatdifficulty(in)solvingtheproblem.例2：Theyhadproblemgettingthere.on(upon)+doing“一…就…”。例如：Onhearingthenews,Ichangedmyplans.Thereisnopointindoingsth“…是没必要的”。例如：Thereisnopointintellingherthisnews.下列动词后动名词做宾语主动形式表被动含义*主语+want/need/require+doing/tobedone主语需要被……Thehouseneedscleaning/tobecleaned.Thesickwomanrequiredwxaming/tobeexamined.3．作表语:Myjobisteaching.3Seeingisbelieving.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.4.作定语表示名词的作用或者用途。Hehasareadingroom.awalkingstickawaitingroomaswimmingpool5.动名词的复合结构动名词的逻辑主语一般是和句子的主语一致，但也有不一致的情况。如果不一致，则要在动名词前加上其逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构,在句子中作主语，宾语，表语。*结构：one’sdoing/one’sbeingdoneHiscomingmademeveryhappy.Peter’scomingmademeveryhappy.Hisbeingleftaloneathomemadehimscary.*若动名词作宾语时，既可用物主代词或名词的所有格，也可用人称代词宾格或名词普通格。Shedidn’tmindhis(him)crying.Shedidn’tmindPeter’s/Petercrying.*若逻辑主语无生命时，用名词普通格。Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthegame?Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethiefbeingcaught.4配套练习1._______--____(make)friendsisanecessarypartinmylife.2.Thiefranawayquicklytoavoid___________(catch)3.Thebirdwassoluckythatitjustmissed___________(catch).4.___________(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.5.Eugene'sneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.It’snouse__________(argue)withhim.6.—CanIsmokehere?—Sorry.Wedon’tallow___________(smoke)here.5.Itisdifficulttoimaginehis________(accept)thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.6.Ican’tstand__________(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.7.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed___________(repair).8.Susanwantedtobeindependentofherparents.Shetried_________(live)alone,butshedidn’tlikeitandmovedbackhome.9.—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted__________(nottake)hisadvice!10.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways__________(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.11.Hesucceededin_________(persuade)hertodothejob.12.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek_________(watch)TV.13.Ibelievethat’sthebestwaytopreventsuchathingfrom__________(happen)again.14.Didyouhavetroublein_________(find)thepostoffice?15.Wearelookingforwardto__________(hear)fromMr.Li.16.Theteachertoldthestudentstostop______________(write).17.His_______(notget)tothestationontimemadeeveryoneworriedlastweek.18.Iamconsidering________(consult)withmylawyeraboutthematter.19.Seeingthefunnyscene,Ican’thelp_______(laugh).20.Thebookisworth________(read)asecondtime.5答案1.Making2.beingcaught3.beingcaught4.walking5.arguing6.smoking5.accepting6.working7.toberepaired/reparing8.living9.nottaking/nothavingtake10.getting11persuading12.watching13.happening14.finding15.hearing16.writing17.notgetting18.consulting19.laughing20.reading