Learning--Chinese-style

Learning,Chinese-styleHowardGardnerMaxWellReviewStructureWritingstrategyStructureofthetextintroductionbodyconclusionStructureofthetextTheintroduction（Para1-5）:Theauthortellsankey-slotanecdote.Thebody（Para6-13）:Theauthor’sgiveshisthoughtsondifferentapproachestolearninginChinaandtheWestTheconclusion（Para14）:Theauthormakesasuggestionofamorerationalapproachtofosteringcreativityandbasicskills.Thekey-slotanecdoteThekey-slotanecdoteTime:inthespringof1987Place:inthelobbyoftheJinglingHotelCharacters:Benjamin,sonoftheauthor,tryingtoinsertthekeyintotheslotEllenandIHotelattendantsTheAmericanParents◆“NowbothEllenandIwereperfectlyhappytoallowBenjamintobangthekeynearthekeyslot.”◆我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙鼓捣。Thehotelattendants◆“AnyChinesestaffmembernearbywouldcomeovertowatchBenjaminand,notinghislackofinitialsuccess,attempttoassist.”◆饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。DifferencesinapproachestolearningChinese:shapingandmoldingAmericans:Self-relianceDifferencesinapproachestolearning“Chineseteachersarefearfulthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,theymayneverbeacquired;thereis,ontheotherhand,nocomparablehurrytopromotecreativity.”“Americaneducatorsfearthatunlesscreativityhasbeenacquiredearly,itmayneveremerge;ontheotherhand,skillscanbepickeduplater.”Creativityfirst?Conclusion“Canwegather,fromtheChineseandAmericanextremes,asuperiorwaytoapproacheducation,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills?”WritingstrategyHowdoestheauthorbegintheessay?Howdoestheauthordevelophisideas?Howdoestheauthorenduptheessay?Theauthorbeginsthetextwithananecdote..BegintheessaywithastoryBriefRelevant“TheincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoourassignedtasksinChina:toinvestigatethewaysofearlychildhoodeducation,andtothrowlightonChineseattitudetowardcreativity.”(Para5)HowtobeginanessayOscarWildesaid,“Menalwayswanttobeawoman’sfirstlove.Womenhaveamoresubtleinstinct.Whattheyliketobeisaman’slastromance.”…Howtobeginanessay“Islovesimplyaresultofchemicalreactioninourbrains?…”“Doanimalsreallyhavethoughts,whatwecallconsciousness?”(fromWhatAnimalsReallyThink)Howtobeginanessay“NowthateveryonehasclaimstoloveMotherEarth,howarewetochooseamongthedozensofconflictingproposals,restrictions,projects,regulationsandlawsadvancedinthenameoftheenvironment?”(fromSavingNature,butOnlyforMan)BegintheessaybyposingacontroversyTherailroadwasunusual.Itsoldnoticketsandhadnotrains.Yetitcarriedthousandsofpassengerstothedestinationoftheirdreams.…(fromCivilRightsHeroes)Lovehurts.Begintheessaywithstatistics“Everyyear,over100,000couplesgetmarriedinLasVegas.”Usingwordslike“many”,“much”willlowertheeffectivenessofthismethod.“dozens”,“hundreds”,“millions”WaystobeginanessayStatingthethesisdirectlyTellingastoryAskingaquestionMakingaquotationPosingacontroversyWaystodevelopanessayByexamplesBycomparisonandcontrastBycauseandeffectBydivisionandclassificationsBydefinitions…ComparisonandcontrastAcomparisonbringsoutthesimilaritiesbetweentwoormorethingsofthesamekind.Acontrastbringsoutthedifferencesbetweentwoormorethingsofthesamekind.TwopatternsofComparisonandcontrastInthesubject-by-subjectpattern,thewriterdiscussesthevariousaspectsofoneitembeforegoingtotheother.Inthepoint-by-pointpattern,thewriterdiscussesbothitemsundereachofthevariousaspectscompared/contrasted.XisabetterschoolthanY1.X1.1Studentbody1.2Teachingstaff1.3Libraryandotherfacilities1.4Campus2.Y2.1Studentbody2.2Teachingstaff2.3Libraryandotherfacilities2.4CampusXisabetterschoolthanY1.Studentbody1.1X1.2Y2.Teachingstaff2.1X2.2Y3.Libraryandotherfacilities3.1X3.2Y4.Campus4.1X4.2YUsefulwordsandphrasesbotheachasatthesametimesimilarlylikelikewisetooUsefulwordsandphrasesontheotherhandonthecontraryincontrastalthoughwhilewhereashoweverneverthelessExamplesentencesTheretheteachingistochangethestudent,tomakehimsomethingdifferentfromwhathewasbefore,justasthepurposeoftheYgymistomakeafatmanintoathinone,orastrongoneoutofaweakone.Intheliberalartscollege,ontheotherhand,thestudentisencouragedtoexplorenewfields.WaystoendanessayTorestateyourmainideas,butnottorepeatthesamewordsToproposeasolutionTomakeapredictionTomakeasuggestionHomeworkDrawingonthewritingstrategiesyouhavejustlearned,writeanessayentitledHowILearnatCollege.Youressayshouldcoverthefollowingpoints:1.Howyoulearnedathighschool2.Howyoulearnatcollege3.WhyyoulearnthewayyoudoThankYou!