介词用法大全

Grammar介词和介词短语介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在连续六年的广东高考中都有专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。主要考点有：考点解密…thevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastowhoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme______aguestintheirhouse.(2007NMET)思路分析：句意是“把我作为客人接待”，表示“当作，作为”用介词as。asIwantedtorewardtheoldwoman______thetroubleIhadcausedher.(2007NMET)思路分析：句意是“我想酬谢我给她造成了麻烦的那个年迈的妇女。”表示“因……而酬谢/报答某人”，是rewardsb.forsth,即用for引出原因,故填for。类似的还有thankyousb.forsth;praisesb.forsth.;punishsb.forsth.forHewasverytired_______doingthisforawholeday...(2008NMET广东)思路分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，表示“因……而累”，betiredfrom也是固定短语，故也可填from。Betiredof对……厌倦Iamtiredoflivingabroad.我对生活在国外感到厌倦了。after/fromChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople’sdailylife._____theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.(2008NMET广东)思路分析：因theseproverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是“在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常有有趣的故事”，表示“在……背后”，用介词behind。Behind/InJanestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes______sale.(2009)因表示“出售”的onsale是固定搭配。onWhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready_____tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane________(inform).(2009NMET广东)atwasinformedHisteachertookadeepdrink,smiled_________(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome__________ahappyheart.(2010广东)Weunderstandthislessonbest_____wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.Whetheritisacheappipeonadiamondnecklace,theproperresponseisappreciation.Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething.warmlywithwhenIdidn’twanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn’tlikeleavinghim__23__hisowneither.(2011广东）...thenewboylookedattheteacher__23__afewseconds...（2012广东）onfor1.什么情况下可能是填介词？我们首先必须知道两点：(1)介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句；(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。解题技巧2.应该填哪个介词？在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当的介词。第一类：和时间有关的介词1.inaton1)__theday2)__theevening3)__daybreak4)__midnight5)__sixo'clock6)__dusk7)__acoldday8)__asummerevening9)__Sunday10)__December12th2009早、晚都要用inat黎明、午、夜、点与分on在特定的某一天或某天的上午,下午,晚上等ininatatatatonononon注：1)__weekends2)__Christmas/Easter3)__May4)__aweek5)__thefall6)Hewillcomeback___tendays7)_____arriving,westartedtowork.8）Hejumpedwithjoy____hearingthenews.在周末和泛指圣诞节、复活节、感恩节等前用at说到星期，月份，季节，世纪等较长的时间时，要用in在将来时中，in加一段时间表示多久以后on+doing“一…就….”=on+该动词的名词形式atatininininonOn2.before/after;ago/later1)_______supper2)________19703)_______comingtocollege4)Aweek_______5)aminute_______6)Tendays_______before,after表时间点；ago,later表时间段注：1)HehadstudiedFrenchforfouryears_____hecamehere.2)Hefellillthreedays____before可接完成时，ago过去时有限before/afterbefore/afterbefore/afterago/laterago/laterago/laterbeforeago3.totill/until1)Theyworkedfromfive_____ten2)Let’sstartnowandwork____dark．3)HeusuallypaysmeonFridaybutlastweekhedidn’tpayme_____thefol-lowingMonday．4)We’llstayhere____itstopsraining．from...totill/untilnot...untiltotill/untiltill/untiltill/until4.from,since,for1)Sheissinging_____morningtonight.2)Hehasbeenhere_____Monday3)Heleftschoolin1983．Ihaven’tseenhim_____then．4)Ihaven’tseenTom____twoyears.5)Hetravelledinthedesert____sixmonths．from和to不可分；since只用完成时,从句常是一般过去时for常接一段时间fromsincesinceforfor5.by+时间“在这一时刻或者是在这一时刻之前”，且常常可以和完成时连用火车6点10分发车，所以你最好在6点之前到达火车站。Thetrainstartsat6∶10，soyouhadbetterbeatthestationby6∶00.到7月底我将已把那些书全读完了。BytheendofJulyI’llhavereadallthosebooks．6.duringinwithin1)Ilearnedalot______theholiday/mystaythere.2)Shewasborn_____1997.3)MrBlackvisitedourschool____2009,not20084)Theyworkedhard.Theyfinishedthework______2daysatlast.During和in两者在一般情况下可以相互替换，但是强调动作的延续性时候常用during，而强调动作发生在段时间中的某一点时候常用in，同时，当表示对比的时候，常用in。within强调的是不超过….，在…之内Duringininwithin7.over+时间强调“过完…”，有时表示“一边…一边…”他的孙儿孙女们将在这过完周末。Hisgrandchildrenwillstayovertheweekends.他们一边喝咖啡一边聊天。Theychattedoveracupofcoffee.8.throughout强调“从头至尾”，“至始至终”整个会议过程中他一句话都没有说。Hekeptsilentthroughoutthemeeting.9.towards+时间表示“接近，快到”快到半夜了他们才离开。Theylefttowardsmidnight.注：1)Ourteacherisverypatienttowardsus.2)Thelittleboyrantowardshismother.towards还可表示对待(某人)和(朝)方向相当于to2.in+时间段在……之后（内），多用于将来时after+时间段在……之后，多用于过去时1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in2.Ourmanagercameback___anhour.A.inB.afterC.at3.Theyhavebeenhere__anhour.A.forB.afterC.in第二类表示方位的介词1.inat1)Helives___agreatcitywhilehisparentslive___avillage.2)Thereisashop__thecornerofthestreet.3)Hehidthebook__thecornerofthedesk.4).Hewasswimming_____thelake.5).Theywerewalking____thelake.小地方at,大地方in;at表附近，in表里注意：atseainininatatat2.ininto1)Ipouredthebeer____thecup.2)Heputhishands_____hispockets.3)Someonemusthavebroken_____.into常常表示进入…..；而in一般无此用3.intoon1)Taiwanlies____theeastofChina2)Taiwanis___thesoutheastofFujian.3)ChinafacesthePacific_____theeast.in内to外，on表接壤intointoinintoon4.onaboveover;belowunder1)Thereisalake______thevillage,furtherdownthevalley.2)There’sabridge____theriver.3)There’sabag_____thedesk.above,below斜上/下方，over,under垂直上/下方，on是一般要接触Theyarechildrenabovesixyearsold.Inthecompany,DickranksaboveTomHeconsideredhimselfabovedoingsuchthings.above还可表年龄、职位和不屑Thecarisu