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省略句学案1.简单句中的省略：在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。（1）Lookslikerain.（2）Hopetohearfromyousoon.（3）Soundslikeagoodidea.（4）Begyourpardon.（5）Feelingbettertoday?（6）Thisway,please.（7）—Whatdoeshewanttoeat?—Somericeandvegetables.（8）AnythingIcandoforyou?（9）Sorrytohearthat.（10）Doesn’tmatter.（11）Terribleweather!（12）Pityyoucouldn’tcome.2.并列句中的省略：在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：（1）TheylearnFrenchandweEnglish.（2）Myfatherplannedandbuiltallthesehouses.（3）JohnwonthefirstraceandJimmythesecond.（4）Coralisnotaplantbutavarietyofanimallife.3.复合句中的省略：定语从句：（1）That’sthereasonheislatefortheconference.（2）Idon’tlikethewayhetalks.状语从句：（1）Ifheated,waterwillboil.（2）Tomwasattackedbycrampwhileswimmingacrosstheriver.（3）We’llgotohelpyouifnecessary.（4）HadItime,Iwouldcome.（5）I’llgo,shoulditbenecessary.（6）Thecaptaincanfindaboatquickerthanwecan.宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。（1）Wewilldowhatwecan（do）tohelpyou.（2）—IsMr.Kinginhisoffice?—Sorry,Idon’tknow（whetherheisinhisofficeornot）.4.动词不定式的省略：在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。（1）—Wouldyouliketogowithus?—I’mgladto,butIhavetofinishmyhomework.（2）Don’ttellmethenameofthesailorifyoudon’twantto.（3）—Haveyoueverbeentotheseaside?—No,wecan’taffordto.在usedto,oughtto,haveto,wouldlike/loveto,wishto,begoingto等结构中，常常省略to后面的动词原形。（1）Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto.（2）Hedoesn’tgetupearlyasheusedto.（3）I’llhanditinifIhaveto.（4）—Wouldyouliketocometonight?—I’dloveto.Tell,warn,order,advise,ask等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，可以省略to后面的动词原形。（1）HewantedtoswimacrosstheriverbutIwarnedhimnotto.（2）Theboywantedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismothertoldhimnotto.省略在语言中特别是日常交际中一种普遍现象，了解常见的省略现象有助于我们准确理解句子的语境，在应试复习中要注意不定式结构的省略方式以及一些几乎形成了惯用法的省略句。同时应当在书面表达中学会恰当地使用省略，使写出的东西更加精练，干脆利索。1.Whenfirst_____tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced分析：when引导的时间状语从句，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中谓语部分有be时，可以省略句中的主语和be，本句中when后面省略了theseproductswere.答案：B2.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen_____atthemeetingbymyboss.A.questioningB.havingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned分析：本句when后面省略了Iwas答案：C3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich分析：way表示：“方式”后面的定语从句由that/inwhich引导或者省略关系代词，本句的定语从句hesaidit省略了关系代词。答案：A4.—Susan,willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?—______?A.WhatforB.WhatisitC.HowisitD.Howcome分析：第二个人不知道为什么要倒空抽屉，所以问为什么。Whatfor（为什么）它的完整表达应是Whatareyougoingtousetheemptydrawerfor?答案：A5.I’mlookingforwardasmuchtoherreturnassheherselfto_____me.A.haveseenB.seeingC.meetD.bemet分析：本句后半部分assheherselfto_____me是assheherselfislookingforwardtoseeingme的省略。答案：B6.Whocanyouturntointimeofdanger,ifnot______?A.ourselvesB.oursC.weD.us分析：ifnot______是ifyoudon’tturntous的省略。答案：D7.—Didyouvisitthemuseumlastweek?—No,we_____,butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping.A.couldhaveB.couldC.musthaveD.must分析：句中we_____是wecouldhavevisitedthemuseumlastweek.的省略形式。答案：A8.—Isyourmothergoingtothesupermarket?—No,______.A.shedoesn’tB.she’scookingC.shegetsbybusD.toatailor’sshop分析：根据对话的语境，表明：我妈妈不打算去超市，而是去裁缝铺。toatailor’sshop是Sheisgoingtoatailor’sshop.的省略。答案：D9.—Shemaynotbefreetoday.—_____,we’llhavetoputthemeetingoff.A.IfmayB.IfnotC.IfshemaynotD.Ifshemaynotbefreetoday分析：答语的前半部分的完整回答应是：Ifsheisnotfreetoday.答案：B10.Shehurriedlylefttheroomasif_____.A.sheangryB.wasangryC.itwasangryD.angry分析：when,if.Unless,while,though/although,asif/though引导的状语从句，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中谓语部分有be时，可以省略句中的主语和be。答案：D11.—_____didyoucometoknowtheactor?—He’saclosefriendofmysister’s.A.HowB.WhyC.WhereD.When分析：根据答语He’saclosefriendofmysister’s：他是我姐姐的一个好朋友。可以知道：对方在问：你是怎么认识那位男演员的。答案：A12.—Canyougivemeahandwiththistable?Iwanttomoveit.—Sure._____areyougoingtoputit?A.WhyB.HowC.WhereD.When分析：上文说：我想挪一下这张桌子。所以第二个人问：你想把它放在哪里？答案：C13.—_____didyousleeplastnight?—Isatupreadingtoolatetofallasleep.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowD.When分析：根据回答：Isatupreadingtoolatetofallasleep.：我看书看太晚了以致于睡不着了。可以知道对方在问：你昨晚睡得怎么样？答案：C练习1._____,Iwillhelpyouwithyourwork.A.IfIampossibleB.IfitpossibleC.IfpossibleD.Possible2.—Doyoufollowme?—Yes,_____.A.itisgoodB.IwillC.perfectlyD.verygood3.—Howareyougettingonwithyourwork?—Oh,I’msorry.Thingsaren’tgoingsowellas_____.A.plansB.planningC.plannedD.toplan4.—Areyouateacher?—No,butI_____.Iworkedinamiddleschoolforthreeyears.A.amB.willC.doD.was5.—Howmanypoorcountieswilltherebeinourprovinceby2010?—Therewillbeonlyafew,if_____.A.muchB.someC.anyD.many6.—Whydidn’tyoucometoMike’sbirthdaypartyyesterday?—Well,I_____,butIforgotit.A.shouldB.mustC.shouldhaveD.musthave7.Doctorshavesaidthatasmanyas50%ofpatientsdon’ttakemedicine_____.A.likedirectedB.tobedirectedC.asdirectedD.sothatdirected答案1.CIfpossible：如果有可能的话。已经成为了惯用语是Ifitispossible的省略。2.Cperfectly是Ifollowyouperfectly的省略。3.C事情不象计划的那样好。完整句是：…asitwasplanned.4.DbutI_____是ButIwasateacher的省略。5.Cif_____的完整表达是：Iftherewereanypoorprovinces….6.CI_____的完整表达是：IshouldhavegonetoMike’sbirthdaypartyyesterday.7.C有50%的病人没有按医嘱吃药。完整表达是：asmanyas50%ofpatientsdon’ttakemedicineastheyaredirectedbythedoctors.