人教版英语七年级下册--Unit-7-Its-raining-语法解析

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windyrainysnowycloudysunnywindrainsnowcloudsun+名词+y形容词1)wind—windycloud—cloudysun—sunnyrain—rainyfog—foggysnow—snowy这几组表天气的词都是“名词+y=形容词”。2)snow名词“雪”;动词“下雪”。其形容词为snowy.“下雪了”可说:It’ssnowing.或It’ssnowy.表“风、云、雨、雪”等天气的名词都是不可数名词。但有时可在前面加上“a”,表示“一团、阵”等,这时就是可数。如:awind一阵风acloud一团云arain一阵雨Wecanseemanycloudsinthesky.我们能看到空中有许多云彩。Howistheweatherin…?Whatistheweatherlikein…?sunny.cloudy.It’swindy.raining/rainy.snowing/snowy.描述天气:1、It’s+adj.2、It’s+v.ing3、名词Itlookslikerain.4、therebeThereismuchrainthesedays.it可用来指代天气,在句中可不译为中文。2.How’stheweather?天气怎么样?1)后可接时间、地点。如:How’stheweathertoday?今天天气怎么样?How’stheweatherinSichuan?四川天气怎么样?2)回答用“It’s+天气”,如:--How’stheweathertoday?--It’scloudy.3)同义句为:What’stheweatherlike?如:How’stheweatherinBeijing?=What’stheweatherlikeinBeijing?4)对“天气”提问用“How’stheweather?”如:Todayissunny.→How’stheweathertoday?注意:weather是不可数名词,与work,news等一样,前面不用冠词a(an)。Conversation1Hey,Peter.Hi,Tom.How’stheweatherdownthereinShanghai?It’scloudy.How’stheweatherinMoscow?It’ssnowingrightnow.Conversation2Hi,AuntSally.Hello,Peter.How’stheweatherinBoston?Oh,it’swindy.downthere在那里地理上,由南往北,用up.由北向南,用down.问话人的所在地一定是在上海以北的地区,所以问话中插个“downthere”所以,一个在北京的人,可以问“howistheweatherupthereinChangchun?”Conversation3So,how’stheweatherinBeijing?It’ssunny.Conversation4Hi,UncleBill.Hello,Peter.How’stheweatherinToronto?It’sraining,asusual!asusual像往常一样,照例Asusual,thereweren'tmanypeopleatthemeeting.像往常一样,来开会的人不多.Needlesstosay,hecamelateasusual.不用说他照例来得很晚.Jim:Hello,Linda.ThisisJim.Linda:Hello,Jim!Jim:IsUncleJoethere?Linda:No,heisn’t.He’soutside.Jim:Outside?It’scold,isn’tit?Linda:No,it’ssunnyandreallywarm.Jim:What’sUncleJoedoing?Linda:He’splayingbasketball.Jim:IsAuntSallythere?Linda:Yes,sheis,butshe’sbusyrightnow.Jim:What’sshedoing?Linda:She’scooking.Jim:HowaboutMary?What’sshedoing?Linda:Notmuch.She’sonlywatchingTV.Youwanttotalktoher,don’tyou?Jim:Yes,thanks.AndcanIsay‘hi’toJeff,too?Linda:Sure.He’sjustplayingcomputergames.反义疑问句一、基本用法与结构反意疑问句由“陈述句+简略疑问句”两部分组成,第一部分提出一种看法,第二部分用来质疑或表示证实。陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问部分用否定式,陈述部分为否定式时,疑问部分用肯定式:HelikesEnglish,doesn’the?他喜欢英语,是吗?Hedoesn’tlikeEnglish,doeshe?他不喜欢英语,是吗?Sheisyourmother,isn’tshe?1、当陈述部分为为therebe句型时,疑问部分仍用there作“主语”:Thereisabookonthedesk,isn’tthere?2、当陈述部分的主语是指示代词(this,that,these,those)时,疑问部分用it,they等代词:Thatisanewcar,isn’tit?这是一辆新汽车,是吗?3、当陈述部分是I’m…时,疑问部分通常用aren’tI:I’mwrong,aren’tI?我错了,是吗?I’molderthanyou,aren’tI?我年纪比你大,对不对?二、含情态动词的反意疑问句1.基本原则:在通常情况下,当陈述部分含有情态动词时,疑问部分会重复前面同样的情态动词:HecanspeakEnglish,can’the?他会说英语,是吗?Weshouldn’tgo,shouldwe?我们不应该去,对不对?2.当陈述部分含有must时,要分两种情况:①若must表示“必须”或“有必要”,疑问部分用mustn’t或needn’t:Youmustleaveatonce,mustn’t[needn’t]you?你必须(有必要)马上离开,是吗?但是若陈述部分有mustn’t表示禁止,疑问部分要must:Youmustn’tlaugh,mustyou?你不准笑,知道吗?②若must表示推测,疑问部分不能用must,而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式:Hemustbetired,isn’the?他一定累了,是吗?三、陈述部分为祈使句的反意疑问句1.基本原则:若陈述部分为祈使句,疑问部分通常用willyou:Pleasehelpus,willyou?请帮帮我们,好吗?Comewithus,willyou?同我们一起去,好吗?Don’tforgettoposttheletter,willyou?请别忘了寄信。2.当祈使句为Let’s…时,疑问部分总是用shallwe:Let’sgotheretogether,shallwe?我们一起去,好吗?3.当祈使句为Letus…时,若表示请求,疑问部分用willyou,若表示建议,疑问部分用shallwe:Letusknowyouraddress,willyou?请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗?Letusgoswimmingtogether,shallwe?Rick:Hello,Rickspeaking.Steve:Hi,Rick.It’sSteve.How’sitgoing?Rick:Notbad,thanks.Theweather’sgreat.Whatareyoudoing?Steve:I’mplayingbasketballwithsomefriendsatthepark.sb.speaking.打电话常用语,完整回答为:Thisissb.(speaking).意为“我是……”打电话专用于总结:Who’sthat(speaking)?=Who’sspeaking?你是谁?May/Could/CanIspeakto...请让……接下电话。Isthat...(speaking)?你是……吗?Thisis...(speaking)?我是……Holdon,please.稍等。How’sitgoing?最近怎么样?最近好不好?it代指说话人所关心的任何事情,可与everything互换。后可接withsb/sth.用来表达对朋友、家人的关怀。如:How’sitgoingwithPeter?彼特最近怎么样?How’sitgoingwithyourstudy?你最近学习怎么样?How’severything(going)?最近还好吗?一切还好吗?重点不在于询问,而在于问候或打招呼。对此问句的回答:Great!好极了!Wonderful!棒极了!Prettygood!相当好!Notbad.还不错。Justso-so.马马虎虎。EverythingisOK.一切都好。Everythinggoeswell.一切顺利。这是一个省略句,sound前省略了主语it。相当于Itsoundslikeyou’re…。英语Itsoundslike…与Itsounds…句型近似,都表示“听起来……;听上去……”。如:(It)Soundslikehe’sallrightnow.听上去他现在病已经好了。(It)Soundslikeyouhadagoodtimeonyourtrip.听起来你旅行玩得很开心。1.sound+adj.2.soundlike+句子/名词(It)Soundsinteresting.(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.听起来是个好主意。Rick:Soundslikeyou’rehavingagoodtime.Steve:Yeah.Isyourbrotherathome?haveagreat/good/nicetime=enjoyoneself=havefun意为“玩得开心,过得愉快”Theyarehavingagreattime.=Theyareenjoyingthemselves.=Theyarehavingfun.haveagreat/goodtime(in)doingsth=havefun(in)doingsth愉快地做某事我们经常放学后愉快地打篮球。Weoftenhaveagreattime(in)playingbasketballafterschool.格林一家人正在愉快的游泳。TheGreensarehavingagreattime(in)swimming.Rick:Oh,he’snothere.He’sstudyingathisfriend’shome.CanItakeamessageforhim?Steve:Yes.Couldyoujusttellhimtocallmeback?Rick:Sure.Noproblem.可数名词,意为“消息,信息”takeamessageforsb.为某人带信takeamessagetosb.带信给某人leaveamessageforsb.给某人留言我可以给她捎个信吗?CanItakeamessageforher?Iwilltakeamessagetoher.Couldyoujusttellhimtocallmeback?Couldyou/Canyou…?请你……好吗?用来委婉的请求他人做某事,谓语动词用动词原形Could/Canyouopenthewindow?It’stoohot.肯定回答:Yes/Sure,Ican.否定回答:I’msorry./Sorry,Ican’t.tellsb.sth.Tellmeyourfavoritesubject.tellsb.aboutsth.Tellmeaboutit.tellsb.(not)todosth.Tellhimtogo.Tellhimnottogo.ca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