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专项3：语法填空语法填空题—空格设计纯空格有提示词给出了动词的试题谓语动词,非谓语动词,词性转换①介词，冠词，连词，代词，②情态动词，强调助动词，③名词（往往是固定短语）1.从句技巧：Wheneverhewasdiscouragedorfacedwithdifficultproblemshewouldopenthebox,takeoutanimaginarykiss,andremembertheloveofthisbeautifulchild_________hadputitthere.who从句技巧：定语从句缺连接代词(主语或宾语)，一定是填适当的关系词，如：who,that,which,whom。一、纯空格试题的解题技巧技巧②：定语从句填状语关联词。缺地点状语用________________；缺时间状语用_________________；缺原因状语用____________。Theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometersaway_________therewasagarage.wherewhywhenwhere2.词性技巧：①名词前面若没有限定词(冠词,形容词性物主代词,不定代词),很可能是填限定词(冠词,形容词性物主代词,不定代词)。Eg.Itissaidthat______short-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(920-1279)wasveryanxioustohelp_____ricecropgrowupquickly.hisa②介词要注意固定搭配。Eg.…Thelittlegirllooked______athimwithtearsrollingfromhereyesandsaid:“Daddy,it’snotempty.Thefatherwascrushed(心碎了).Hefell___hiskneesandputhisarmsaroundhispreciouslittlegirl.uponEg.…allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme_______almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.and③同一个主语发出两个或几个动作,且时态一致，中间没有连词，一定是填连词。1)Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays_______IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.before④若两句(一个主谓关系算一句)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词。2)Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,_____hefeltveryhappy.but1.Sherememberedhowdifficult31wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.(09年)it代词纯空格题：缺主语或宾语,考虑填______。2.Shedidnothesitateforlong;althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease38.（09年）him∧1.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,______(close)mybookandwalkedaway.closed2.Allovertheworld,peoplemovefromplacetoplace.Moreandmorepeople____________(leave)townsandfarmstomovetocities.areleaving二、给出了提示动词的技巧（一）句中没有谓语,需填谓语动词要考虑时态和语态。1.Hesawthestone,_________(say)tohimself:“Thenightwillbeverydark.”2.Theheadmasterwentintothelab,___________(follow)bytheforeignguests.3.Lessons________(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.saying技巧3：分词作状语和定语,伴随状语,原因状语,条件状语等时,与句中主语是主动关系用doing；与句中主语是被动关系用done。followedlearned巩固练习1.Iwasdelightedandwasabouttoacceptherproposalwhenshesuggestedwefirst______(go)totheWestLakeandwalkalongtheBrokenBridge.2.Peter___________(leave)forLondononbusinessuponmyarrival,soIdidn’tseehim.3.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar___________________(repair)atthegarage.4.Iwentdownthere,________(pay)mypennyandgotareceipt.paidisbeingrepairedhadleftgo（三)词类(词性)转换题的解题技巧要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。1.Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell________(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.2.Teacherstrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents___________(interest)inclass.silent技巧1：缺表语、定语或补语，用形容词。interested技巧2：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。1.AsIlooked________(close)atthisgirl,Ifound…2.Manystudentsarelate________(main)becausetheystudiedtoolatelastnight.closelymainlyEg.Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the_____________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.operation技巧3：①形容词性物主代词后;②在冠词(或+形容词)”后,用名词。技巧4：作主语(①及物动词②介词之后)作宾语，用名词形式。Eg…instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwith______________(inform)inthereading.information1.Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis:noknowledgeis_____________(use).2.Youcausedalotof________________(necessary)workinthestudy.uselessunnecessary技巧5：词义转换题。在词根前加un-,im-，il-,ir-，in-,non-,dis-等，在词后加-less。技巧6：词类转换题。括号中所给词为动词时,有转成①其他词性；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其②比较级或最高级。1.…therewasalotofinformationaboutthecity’swell-knowntourist_____________(attract)…2.Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould…Hejumpedeven___________(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.attractionharder词类转化题巩固练习1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid___________(rude).2.Oneofthe________(bad)giftchoicesIhadevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…3.____________(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjustonly10minutesleft...!4.Itwashis______(nine)yearofschoolandhisstudyseemedtobeinruins,soIwasangry.ninthrudelyworstUnfortunately根据语义,确定词形分析句子,确定词性解题四步走提示：归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文,理解大意总结提升检查搭配,前后连贯