flue:烟道boiler:锅炉ESP:electrostaticprecipitator静电除尘器electrostaticdustcatcherfield:磁场ductwork:风管管网bellow:风箱duct:烟道GCV(kcal/kg):总热值BFG:blastfurnacegas高炉煤气FC(fixedcarbon):固碳Ash:灰分Volatilematter:挥发分Coalanalysis:碳质分析Designcoal:设计煤种Proximateanalysis:近似分析Ultimateanalysis:元素分析circulatingfluidizedbed:循环式流体化床membranewall:膜式水冷壁furnace:熔炉drum:汽包,锅筒ignitionsystem:点火系统combustionchamber:燃烧室airfeed:送气,供气calorificvalue:热值economizer:省煤器布置在锅炉尾部烟道内加热给水的部件super-heater:过热器wasteheatboiler:废热锅炉(根据场合不同,可以分为电站废热锅炉和化工废热锅炉)pulverizedcoalfiredboiler:煤粉燃烧锅炉MSWincinerationboiler:城市固体废物燃烧锅炉Coal-mudboiler:煤泥锅炉Head:封头Header:联箱water-coolingvibratingstoker:水冷振动炉排bio-massfiredboiler:生物燃烧锅炉grate:炉排steamdrum:汽包锅炉汽包有什么作用?答:(1)汽包与下降管、上升管连接组成自然循环回路,同时汽包又接受省煤器来的给水,还向过热器输送饱和蒸汽,所以汽包是锅炉内加热、蒸发、过热这三个过程的连接枢纽。(2)汽包中存有一定的水量,因而有一定的储热能力,这些可以提高运行的安全性。(3)汽包中装有汽水分离装置,蒸汽冲洗装置,连续排污装置,炉内加药装置等以改善水汽品质。Evaporators:蒸发器Attemperator:减温器Drainvent:排孔Sootblower:吹灰器Blowdownsystem:排污系统(IBD-Intermittentblowdown定期排CBD-continuousblowdown连续排)Desuperheatersystem:减温器系统Flownozzle:喷嘴Transmitter:传感器W:working使用中S:spare备用pneumaticoperatedcontrolvalve:气动控制阀motorizedupstreamisolationandmanualdownstreamisolationvalve:电动上流隔离阀和手动下流隔离阀combustor:燃烧室/炉膛forceddraft(FD)fan:送风机induceddraft(ID)fan:引风机Primaryair(PA)fan:一次风机Commonbaseplate:通用基础板Soleplate:独立板Structuralsteel:钢架结构Fanimpeller:风机叶轮PRDSvalve:减温减压阀fittingsandmountings:零配件foundationboltsandanchorchannels:基础螺栓和锚钉槽钢dosingsystem:加药系统multilouvereddampercontrol:多叶节气闸控制isokineticmeasurement:等动力测量alkaliboilout:锅炉煮炉Deaerator:除氧器(属于汽轮机部分)condensatestoragetank:凝结水箱cyclone:旋风分离器NPSH(NetPositiveSuctionHead):汽蚀余量(单位M)OD:outsidediameterCreeplife:蠕变时间Coupling:联轴器Couplingguard:联轴器罩Effectiveheatingsurface:有效受热面Banktube:管束Downcomerpipe:下降管Bleedoffline:排气管QCNRV:速关逆止阀quickcutoffnon-returnvalveEmergencyoverspeedtripgovernor:危急遮断器Trip:跳闸Thrustbearing:推力轴承Waterwall:水冷壁CACW:密闭空气断路器水冷closedaircircuitwatercooledAVR:automaticvoltageregulator自动电压调节器Ammeters:电流表KVA:千伏安Trivectormeter:三向流量计Synchronoscope:同步示波器Synchronizer:同步装置Annunciator:信号器Commissioning:试运转,试车Turbinegovernor:轮机控制器generatorexciter:发电机励磁机励磁机作用:简单讲是建立磁场。永磁极随转子旋转,产生交流电,交流电一部分作为AER的电源,一部分通过逆变器整流成直流为转子建立磁场。通过调节导通角可以改变发电机的端电压(空载时)进而实现并网,在并网时调节向电网的无功输出。CaptivePowerPlant:自备电厂DirectReducedIron(DRI)plant.:直接还原铁厂HMBD:HeatmassbalancedrawingBTG:BoilerTurbineGeneratorVFDapplication:variationfrequencydevice火力发电站原理:锅炉产生蒸汽,蒸汽推动汽轮机转动,带动发电机切割磁力线发电。火力发电系统:①燃料系统:完成燃料输送、储存、制备的系统。燃煤电厂具有卸煤设施coalunloadingfacilities、煤场coalyard、上煤设施、煤仓bunker、给煤机coalfeeder、磨煤机coalmill等设备;燃油电厂oilfiredpowerplant备有油罐spareoiltank、加热器heater、油泵oilpump、输油管道oiltransferpipeline等设备。②燃烧系统:完成燃料燃烧过程,使燃料化学能转化为蒸汽热能的系统。主要有燃烧器、炉膛、送风机、引风机、除尘器precipitator、除灰设备ashhandlingequipment等。③汽水系统:完成蒸汽热能转化为机械能的系统。主要有锅炉的汽水部分、汽轮机及其辅助设备,如凝汽器、除氧器deaerator、回水加热器returnwaterheater、给水泵watersupplypump、循环水泵、冷却设备等。④电气系统:完成机械能转化为电能的系统。主要有发电机generator、主变压器maintransformer1、断路器circuitbreaker、隔离开关segregatedswitch、母线busbar等。⑤控制系统:完成生产过程中的参数测量及自动化监控操作的系统。火力发电厂的几大厂区:汽机房steamturbinehouse、锅炉房boilerhouse、电除尘electricprecipitator、引风机室induceddraftfan、烟囱chimney、冷却塔coolingtower(海水冷却的厂子大部分是没有的,直接空冷机组是空冷岛aircoolingisland)、脱硫区域desulphurizationarea(吸收塔absorbingcolumn、氧化风机oxidizedfan、浆液循环泵groutcyclingpump、石膏仓gypsumbin等)、化学水车间chemicalwaterworkshop、油库oiltank、制氢站hydrogengenerationstation、煤仓coalbunker、输煤栈桥及转运站coalbeltconveyorgalleryandtransferstation、灰库ashbunker、机组排水槽unitdrainagechannel、除盐水箱demineralizedwatertank、循环水泵房circulatingwaterpump、净水站waterpurificationstation、主变maintransformer、厂高变UAT、起备变startingsparetransformer、GIS室gasisolationswitchgear(气体隔离开关站),还有最主要的集控楼centralcontrolbuilding。海边厂还有输煤码头coaltransportationwharf、综合码头comprehensivewharf,内陆厂有卸车站。Civilworks:土建NRV:nonreturnvalve逆止阀Backfill:回填Repetitive:重复性TDS:totaldissolvedsolids总溶解固体量LDO:lightdieseloil轻质柴油HFO:heavyfurnaceoil锅炉重油Enthalpy:焓值Concrete:混凝土Setout;layout;loft:放样Steelbar/reinforcementbar:钢筋Template:模板Foundationbolt:地脚螺栓nut:螺母Groundelevation/surfaceelevation:地面高程Reinforcementconcrete(RC):钢筋混凝土Scaffold/erectingframe:脚手架Checktest:校核试验Calibration/check:校验Proofreader:校对员Staggeredjoint/alternatejoint:错缝Foundationpit:基坑Compact/tamp:夯实Heatcapacity:热容J/K(焦耳每开尔文)Thermalconductivity:热导率,导热系数W/(m;k)瓦特每米开尔文Electriccharge:电荷Electricpotential:电位,电势Netcalorificvalue:净发热量Grosscalorificvalue:毛发热量Concentration:浓度Inductance:电感单位:亨利(H)E.C:溶液电导率单位:毫姆欧/厘米mho/cmPyrites:石子煤(硫化物)大型燃煤电厂在煤粉制备过程中产生的废弃物,主要是从发电厂磨煤机中排出。每个燃煤电厂每年都要排出大量的石子煤。Coalmill/coalpulverizer:磨煤机封闭式石子煤机械清运系统包括:全封闭双闸板门full-encloseddoubleflashboarddoor,石子煤斗pyriteshopper,负压除尘装置vacuumdusthandlingsystem,斗式提升机(可选)bucketelevator,刮板石子煤机scraperpyritesbunker,喷雾降尘冷却装置spraydust-fallingcoolingsystem,钢制石子煤仓(可选)steelinesspyritesbunker,全自动控制系统fullautomaticcontrolsystem,附属控制气源,水源,电气等管路阀门auxiliarycontrolforvalvesandpipesofair,waterandelectricworks等。工艺流程Technicalprocess:中速磨煤机mediumspeedcoalmill---全封闭双闸板门full-encloseddoubleflashboarddoor(排除阀)---石子煤斗pyriteshopper---负压除尘装置vacuumdusthandlingsystem---全封闭双闸板门(出料阀)full-encloseddoubleflashboarddoor---斗式提升机(可选)bucketelevator---刮板石子煤机scraperpyritesbunker---喷雾降尘冷却装置spraydust-fallingcoolingsystem---钢