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Step1:Revision1.Basicknowledgeaboutattributiveclauses.定语从句在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子。受定语从句修饰的词叫_________，定语从句通常由关系代词___________________________________或关系副词_____________________引导，这些词既指代主句中的先行词,又充当定语从句中的某个成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和____________定语从句。先行词that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,where,why非限制性as关系词的作用：1、连接作用把主句和从句连接起来2、替代作用在从句中代替在它前面的先行词3、成分作用在从句中充当一个成分Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.1.that指人/物，作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Myhometownisnottheone(that)itusedtobe.2.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?关系代词:3.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.4.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.•5.Whose既可以修饰人也可以修饰物,在句子中作定语，不可以省略。•ThechildwhoseparentsaredeadisTom•Thebookwhosecoverislostbelongstome.关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用是否可省关系代词that人/物主、宾、表宾可省which物主、宾、宾可省who人主、宾宾可省whom人宾可whose人/物定不可as人/物/事情主、宾、表宾可省关系副词when时间时间状语不可where地点地点状语不可why原因原因状语不可1.先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,anything,something,nothing,everything等时。Doyouknoweverything(that)hesaid?Heboughtnothing(that)hewasinterestedin.Littlethatisimportantisdone.2.先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时。Allthebooksthatwerepublishedlastyearwereveryvaluable.Everyboy(that)theteachertaughtinthatschoolissmart.3.先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及theonly,thevery,thelast等词修饰时。Thisistheverybook(that)Iamlookingafter.Theonlycomputerthatwasboughtintheshoppingmallisbroken.关系代词只能用that不用which.•4.先行词同时包含了人和物时。Hestillremembersthethingsandthepersons(that)heknewatschooltenyearsago.•5.先行词在定语从句中作tobe的表语时。Theboyisthatboy(that)heusedtobe•6.以who或者which开头的句子里含有定语从句并且关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时。WhoisthemanthathelpedyouwithyourEnglish？Whichisthemachinethatwasproducedbyyourfactory?Practice1.Theman_________standsthereisTom.2.Thegirl____________ImetisMsLi.3.Theboy________watchwaslostisTom.4.Thebook_________liesonthedeskishis.5.Thepen___________youboughtisgood.6.Themagazine________coverisredisnice.who/that(whom/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whosepractice1.Everything___yousaytohimgoesinoneearandouttheother.2.All___isneededisasupplyofoil.3.Thetrainisthelast____willgotoShanghai.4.Theboyandthedog____areinthepictureareverylovely.5.Thefirstlesson___Ilearnedwillbeforgotten6.Theway___youaredoingitiscompletelycrazy.thatthatthatthatthatthatIdon'tliketheway(that/inwhich)hespeakstome.注意:当先行词是theway时,关系词用:that/不填/inwhich.Which用法①which可以引导非限制性定语从句，that不能。Hehadfailedinthemathsexam，whichmadehisfatherveryangry.②which可以用在介词后，that不可。ThatisthehouseinwhichMarkTwainusedtolive．③一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导。另一个不能再用that，而用which。HeboughtanAmericanmagazinethatcouldgivehimsomuchEnglishknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime．表二：用which不用that的情况5.Whose注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n+ofwhich;ofwhich+the+n.指人时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n+ofwhom;ofwhom+the+n.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisgreen?Doyoulikethebookofwhichthecoverisgreen?•6.as通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语/宾语。当先行词受as,such,thesame修饰时，关系词常用as。•Ihaveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.•ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlostlastweek.•注意：当先行词受thesame修饰时，偶尔也用that表同一个，但as表同一类。•SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.•Sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore.Thisisthesamepen______Ilostyesterday.A.asB.thatC.theoneD.A&BD比较：...thesamepenasIlost.表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像。则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支。...thesamepenthatIlost.区别：such...as引导定语从句Heissuchacleverboyaseveryonelikes.引导结果状语从句such...thatHeissuchacleverboythateveryonelikes.他是一个人人喜欢的聪明的男孩。他是一个聪明的男孩以致人人喜欢他。•which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。which引导的非限性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as常有“正如”“正像”的含义。•Chinaisadevelopingcountry，asisknowntoall．•众所周知，中国是发展中国家。•John．asyouknow，isawriter．•正如你所知，约翰是个作家。•Hewasveryrudetothecustomsofficer，whichofcoursemadethingsevenworse．•他对海关官员非常无礼，这当然使事情更糟糕了。