初三语法专项复习 状语从句

初三复习状语从句第1页共28页初三语法专项复习状语从句1时间状语从句1.1用来引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when(当…的时候)whenever(每当)after在…之后)before(在…之前)as(当…，一边…一边)assoonas(一…就)while(在…期间)till/until(直到)since(自从)once(一旦…就)如果主句是一般将来时，在时间状语从句中用一般现在时（主将从现）E.G.Theytravelleduntiltheycametoawildpartoftheforest.Don’tgoawaybeforeIleave.I’lltellyouassoonasIknow.比较while,when,as（1）while表一段较长的时间或是一个过程，强调主从句动作或状态同时发生Don’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.(2)when通常指时间的一点，从句用终止性动词；也可以指一段时间，从句用持续性动词。Hewasonlytenwhenhebegantowork.ItwasraininghardwhenIgothter.When有时当andthen,atthatmoment讲，表“这时突然…”，放在主句后用逗号隔开，并且主句中含有“beabouttodo”表“正要，即将”Hewasabouttoopenthewindow,whenhestoppedandstoodstill.(3)as表“当…时”可以和when互换，但通常表示动作发生的过程，而不表状态；表示“随着”或“一边…一边”只能用asAswewalkedwetalked.我们边走边谈。1.2引导时间状语从句的“一……就”(1)名词类这类词主要有themoment,theminute,thetime,thewhile,thesecond,theinstant,theday等。如：ThemomentIsawhimIknewtherewasnohope.我一看到他就知道没希望了。Theinstantheopenedthedoorhesawthethief.他一开门就看见了这个贼。HeisgoingtovisithisauntthedayhearrivesinBeijing.他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。(2)副词类这类词主要有immediately,directly,instantly,once等。如：Oncehearrives,wecanstart.他一来我们就可以开始。ImmediatelyhecameItoldhimthenews.他一来我就把消息告诉了他。(3)句型类这类词主要有nosooner…than,hardly…when等。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。如：Wehadnosoonersetoutthanitbegantorain.我们刚出发就下雨了。Shehadhardlyarrivedwhenitbegantosnow.她刚到就下起雪来了。注：若将nosooner,hardly置于句首，则其后要用倒装语序。如：Wehadnosoonerreachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.=Nosoonerhadwereachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.1.3before/after（conj）+句子转换成before/after(prep)+doing初三复习状语从句第2页共28页Beforeheleft,hesaidgoodbyetoeveryone.=Beforeleaving,hesaidgoodbyetoeveryone.2地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever“无论哪里，在任何地方”引导WhereIlive,thereisplentyofrain.Makeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestion.Whereveryougo,youcanseeplentyofnewfactoriesandstores.Hewillworkwhereverthepeopleneedhim.3原因状语从句3.1由because,as,since,nowthat引导Because回答直接原因，表必然因果关系，语气最强Heisabsentbecauseheisill.Since(既然)表对方已知晓得原因无须说明，语气比because弱I’lldoitforyousinceyouarebusy.As较口语化，语气较弱，表对方知道或看的出得十分明显得原因Astheweatherwasfine,Iopenedallthewindows.For是并列连词，表示推理的原因，不能放在句首,用逗号与第一分句隔开Hemustbeilltoday,forheisabsent.3.2形容词glad,sorry,afraid,pleased,satisfied,delighted,proud等加that引导原因状语从句Ifeelproudthathegotfirstplace.I’mafraidthathewon’tcome.3.3原因状语从句简化Ashewasblind,hecouldseenothing.=Beingblind,hecouldseenothing.4目的状语从句4.1由that,sothat,inorderthat，lest（免得）等引导,从句中含有情态动词can,could,may,might,should等Jimdidn’tspeakloudlylestothersmighthearhim.4.2用不定式inorderto,soasto等代替目的状语从句Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchthefirstbus.=Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.Heranfastsothathemightarrivethereontime.=Heranfastsoastoarrivethereontime.5结果状语从句用sothat,so…that,such…that,that引导IgottherelatesothatIdidn’tgetagoodseat.Thereweresomanypeopleintheroomthatwecouldnotgetin.Marxmadesuchrapidprogressthateveryoneadmiredhim.Guilinissuchabeautifulcitythatthousandsoftouristscomehereeveryyear.(=Guilinissobeautifulacitythatthousandsoftouristscomehereeveryyear.)Whathashappenedthatyoualllooksodiscouraged?6条件状语从句初三复习状语从句第3页共28页6.1由if,unless（除非=if…not）,so/aslongas(只要),ifonly(但愿)，once（一旦，只是）引导,主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时Ifyouworkhard,youaresuretosucceed.Don’ttouchanythingunlessyouareaskedto.Youcanstayinmyroom,aslongasyouarequiet.Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.Ifonlyhearrivesintime.Ifonlyitclearsup,wewillgoforawalk.6.2意义上是条件状语从句得祈使句可以转换成条件状语从句Runfasterandyouwillcatchthebus.=Ifyourunfaster,youwillcatchthebus.Getupatonce,oryouwillbelate.=Ifyoudon’tgetupatonce,youwillbelate.6.3条件状语从句简化Useonewordtwiceif(itis)necessary.If(itis)so,youmustgetbackandgetit.Hehasnomoney.If(hehas)any,hewilllendittome.6.4条件状语从句中得条件若为假设，且几乎难以实现，要用虚拟语气。7方式状语从句7.1由as(正如，按照),asif/though（好像）等引导Doitasyouweretoldto.YoumustdoeverythingasIdo.Hespokeasif/thoughheknewthequestionverywell.Myneighbortreatedthepoorboyasifhewasherownson.7.2方式状语从句简化Shestoodatthegateasif(shewas)waitingforsomeone.Janeseemedasif(shewas)goodateverything.8.让步状语从句8.1由though,although,as,evenif,eventhough,whoever,whatever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however,nomatterwho/what/which/when/where/how,whether…ornot,while(尽管)引导Althoughthefarmislarge,thereareonlytwoworkingmen.Nomatterwhathesays,Iwon’tbelievehim.Howeverhardhetried,hefailedatlast.Wewillmakeatripevenif/thoughtheweatherisbad.Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.Theoldmanwalksfasterthanus,whileheiswellovereighty.8.2as要倒装，though可倒装可不倒Adj/adv/n(无冠词)+as+句子得其他成分Youngasheis,hecanreadandwrite.Heroasheis,hehasshortcomings.初三复习状语从句第4页共28页8.3让步状语从句可以简化Though(itwas)cold,hestillworeashirt.Whether(shefeels)wellorsick,shekeepscalm.不论身体好还是生病，她都一声不响。9比较状语从句由than,as…as,notso/as…as引导Englishisasimportantasmaths.Itisnotsoeasyasyouthought.Theycamehereearlierthanwedid.Tomistallerthanyou(are.)10.状语从句的简化♠状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.随堂练习I.填入适当的引导词1.Ihaven'theardfromhim_____hewenttoAmerica.2.Hewon'tbehere_____heisinvited.3.Hewillnotgotothecinema_____heisverybusy.4.Wefoundthekey_____sheladleftit.5.Wefoundthebookstwodays____hehadgoneaway.6.Wehadnosoonergottothestation_____thetrainleft.