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八下Unit1What’sthematter?一．询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到什么麻烦时，常用以下句型：1.What’sthematter（withsb）?2.What’sthetrouble/problem（withsb）?3.What’swrong（withsb）?你怎么了？4.What’sone’strouble/problem？5.What’sup?6.Whathappenedtosb?7.AreyouOK?8.Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?二．表达身体不适或疼痛时，常用以下结构：1.Sb+have/has+a/an+疾病名称：haveacold(患感冒)/fever/cough/temperature注：haveacold相当于getacold/catchacold/havegotacold；haveabadcold(患重感冒)；haveaheartproblem有心脏病2.Sb+have/hasasore+身体部位：haveasorethroat/back3.Sb+have/has+a+身体部位+ache(构成疾病名词)haveatoothache/headache/stomachache/earache/backache4.Sb+hurt(s)+身体部位/oneself;Hehurthisleg.或身体部位+hurts;Myheadhurtsbadly.5.Thereissomethingwrongwithone’s+身体部位。6.Sb+have/hasapaininone’s+身体部位三．情态动词should/should’t的用法：意为’应该，应当’后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。通常表示提出意见或建议，或义务和责任，还可表示命令责备或要求等语气;1.Youshouldliedownandrest.2.Youshould’teatsomuchnexttime.3.WhatshouldIdo?4.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit？----Yes,youshould./No,youshould’t.四、if引导的条件句，如果主句是祈使句、含有情态动词或用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。SectionA1.soreadj.疼痛的可作定语或表语Shehasasorethroat/back.Mylegisverysore.2.backn.后面，背面Hesatatthebackoftheclassroom.adv.回（原处）comeback3.lie躺，卧---lay.lain.lyingliedown躺下撒谎---lied.lied.lyingYouarelyingtome.n.谎言假话tellalie/lieslay.---laid.laid.laying产卵下蛋放置4.rest休息v./n.Youshouldrestforafewdays.getsomerest=have(take)arest/abreak/breaks休息一下5.toone‘ssurprise使某人惊讶的是常作插入语，位于句首，其后用逗号与其他部分隔开。Tohissurprise,shefailedtheexam.Toone’s+表示感情色彩的名词，意为使/令某人.....的是;toone’sjoy令/使某人高兴的是，toone’sdisappointment令/使某人失望的是toone’ssatisfaction令/使某人满意的是；insurprise吃惊地surprising(物)Whatsurprisingnews!Surprised(人)besurprisedtodo/besurprisedatsth/besurprisedthat…6.muchtoo+形容词，太......，toomany+可数名词复数，太多……toomuch+不可数名词，太多…（前）也可做副词修饰动词（后）talktoomuch7.enough形容、副词,足够的/地，(1)enough+名词;enoughwater(2)形副+enough;goodenough(3)enough后常接(for+名词/代词)todosth.意为足够/能做某事18.soundlike+名词代词和从句：听起来像Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth..Itsoundslikeagoodidea.Sound(look/feel/taste/smell)+形容词听起来...eg.Themusicsoundsnice.9.need(1).需要，实义动词人作主语need+sth，需要某物；need(sb)todosth.需要做某事，(2).物作主语；sthneedsdoing/tobedone;Theroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.(3)情态动词,多用于否定句或疑问句NeedIstayhere?---Yes,youmust./No,youneed’t.10.agree同意，赞同---disagree(反义词)agreewithsb.同意某人(意见或观点)agreetodosth..同意做某事11.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为马上。12.advice(不可数)建议,意见apieceofadvice一条建议givesb.adviceonsth./takeone’sadviceadvise[动词]advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisedoingsth.建议做某事13.hurt及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，Hehurthisleg.Hehurtherfeelings.不及物动词，……（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.14.hit--hit（过去式）（用手或器具）打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach/mouth打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子、嘴巴，in用在所打较软的部位。当名词用时；gethitonthehead头部受到撞击15.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事（强调看见某个动作正在进行）Isawaboyplayingfootballnearmyhome.Seesbdosth看见某人做某事（强调看见动作发生的全过程）Wesawhimcrosstheroad.类似于see这种用法的动词，常见的有watch,hear,notice等。16.shouttosb向某人喊话shoutatsb冲某人叫喊（贬义）shoutforhelp大声呼救17.expectsbtodosth期待某人去做某事。18.thinkabout（+doing考虑thinkof想起，认为thinkover仔细考虑thinkup想出19.falldown（+from）摔倒，跌倒（相当于falloff…从……跌落下来）fallbehind落后，跟不上fallinto落入…fallasleep入睡fallinlovewith爱上…fallover跌倒20.反身代词myself./yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves作同位语；Didyoumakethecakeyourself?做表语I’mnotmyselftoday.enjoyoneself（玩得高兴）helponeselfto…（随便吃...）byoneself（独自、单独）hurt/cutoneself（伤着、割伤自己）teachoneself=learnsthbyoneself（自学）21.trouble(不可数)；苦恼，问题beintrouble处于困境getintotrouble陷入困境maketrouble制造麻烦have(no)trouble/difficulties/problems(in)doingsth做....有麻烦,做某事(没)有困难22.put……onsth在某物上放……putsomemedicineonthecut(伤口)在伤口上敷些药putabandageonit在它上面放绷带223.inthesameway以同样的方式onthewayto在去……的路上intheway挡路outoftheway不再碍事bytheway顺便说一下inthisway用这种方法inaway在某种程度上24.getanX-ray拍X光片takeone’stemperature量体温hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶seeadentist看牙医gotoadoctor=gotoseeadoctor=gotothedoctor’s看医生allweekend整个周末onthesideoftheroad在马路边withoutthinkingtwice没多想getsunburned被晒伤haveaheartproblem有心脏病feelveryhot感到很热haveanosebleed流鼻血putherheadback把她的头向后仰savealife挽救生命cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖dotherightthing做正确的事gomountainclimbing去爬山25.with(1)具有，带有（事物具有的性质、特征）其反义词：without没有（后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式，withoutthinkingtwice没多想。(2)和......在一起talkwithafriend(3)使用withaknife26.Takeone’stemperature量体温takeamessage捎口信takeashower洗淋浴takeawalk散步takeone’sorder点菜takethesubway乘地铁takeatrip旅行takesb.’splace代替；替换takebreaks(takeabreak)休息takerisks冒险27.lie(lay,lain,lying)(1)躺、平躺liedown躺下(2)存在、处于lie(in/on/to)位于....(3)撒谎lietosb.对某人撒谎(4)谎言、假话tellalie/telllies说谎28.fortoolong太长时间介词for后接一段时间29.beawayfrom远离；离开（后接地点，意为远离某地）30.getoff下车（下汽车、火车、飞机等）；geton上车（登上汽车、火车等）后接较大的交通工具,反义词getoff；getinto进入（汽车、出租车、电梯等）后接较小的交通工具；getoutof从......下来（汽车、出租车、电梯、直升飞机等），反义词：getinto31.thanksto多亏,由于,因为（=becauseof=withthehelpof）并无当面感谢的意思，后接名词或代词；thanksfor因...而感谢后接感谢的原因，后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式32.happenvi.发生不能用于被动语态，且不与表示一段时间的状语连用。(1)表示某地/某时发生了某事：sth.+happened+地点/时间（2）表示某人出了某事：sth.happenedtosb.(3)当happen作“碰巧”时sb.happenedtodosth.(某人碰巧做某事)Ithappened+that从句（碰巧怎么样）33.expect预料、期待expectsb.todosth.预料/期待某人做某事34.intime及时（强调正好赶上事先约定的时间，没有迟到，其后可接for短语，意为正赶上某事。）ontime准时（按计划做某事，强调不迟到，不早不晚。）SectionB1.sickadj.①生病的，有病的。作表语和定语。ill只能作表语be/feelsick=beill②恶心的Ifeelalittlesick.③厌倦的besickofI’msickofrunning.2.beusedtosth./doin