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第三部分名人故事（三）11.MarkTwain,WelcomeAmericanHumorist马克•吐温—受欢迎的美国幽默作家马克·吐温，真名塞姆·朗赫恩·克列门斯（SamuelLanghorneClemens），是美国的幽默大师、小说家、作家，亦是著名演说家。短篇小说《百万英磅》、《竞选州长》和长篇《哈克贝里·芬历险记》、《汤姆·索亚历险记》最为人们所称道。海伦·凯勒曾言：“我喜欢马克吐温——谁会不喜欢他呢？即使是上帝，亦会钟爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心灵里绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”威廉·福克纳称马克·吐温为“第一位真正的美国作家，我们都是继承他而来”。OneofthebestknownAmericanwritersisSamuelLanghorneClemens,whosepennameisMarkTwain.Bornin1855,TwaingrewupintheMississippiRivertownofHannibal,Missouri.Asdidmanyotherboysofhisday,Twaindreamedoftravelingonriverboatsandofsomedaybecomingariverboatpilot.Twainusedhismemoriesofthelifeofarivertowninhistwomostfamousbooks,theAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnandtheAdventuresofTomSawyer.AsayoungmanTwainheldmanyjobs.Hewasaprinter,agoldminer,andforatime,hewasariverboatpilot.Duringhispilotdays,headoptedthenameMarkTwain.Thiswasatermusedbytheboatmentomeanthatthewatermeasuredtwofathoms,ortwelvefeet,whichwasdeepenoughforsafepassage.FinallyTwainbecameasuccessfulwriter.Hetraveledagreatdeal,writingandspeaking,andbecameverypopularbothintheUnitedStatesandinEurope.Twain'sstyleofwritingwassimpleanddirect.Amongthethingshewroteaboutweresuperstitiouspeopleandpeoplewhowereeasilyfooled.Heusedhisunusualgiftforhumortowriteaboutmanythingsofimportance.ComprehensionQuestions:1.SamuelLanghorneClemens______A.wasasfamousasMarkTwain.B.isbetterknownthanMarkTwain.C.grewupintheMississippiRivertownofHannibalwithMarkTwainashisfriend.D.wasusedbyMarkTwainashispenname.A.atermtoindicateMarkTwain.B.adepthatwhichboatscansafelypass.C.wasusedbyboatmentomeasurethedepthofwater.D.consideredtobedeepenoughforpilotstoswimacrosstheriver.5.Twain’sstyleofwritingis______A.humorousB.simpleC.directD.alloftheabove.(DDBBD)12.CharlesDickens,OneoftheGreatestEnglishWriters查尔斯•狄更斯—英国最伟大的作家之一查尔斯·狄更斯，是英国文学史上唯一可与莎士比亚媲美的伟大作家。1812年2月7日生于朴次茅斯市郊，1870年6月9日卒于罗切斯特附近的盖茨山庄。一生共创作长篇小说13部半，其中多数是近百万言的大部头作品，中篇小说20余部，短篇小说数百篇，以及大量演说词、书信、散文、杂诗。其中，《圣诞颂歌》、《大卫·科波菲尔》、《双城记》最为人们所称道。他多次去欧洲大陆游历、旅居，两次访问美国。WhenCharlesDickenswasasmallboy,hewassentbyhisparentstoworkinaboot-blackingfactory.Hisparentshadotherchildrenandmanydebtstopay.Charles'sfatherwasputintoprisonforhisdebts.Theboytriedtoraisemoneyenoughtogethimoutbutwasunsuccessful.Atlast,thewholefamilywenttolivewithCharles'sfatherinhisroomintheMarsalseaprison.Thiswasacommonpracticeand,whiletheprisonercouldnotleavethegrounds,thefamiliescouldgoinandoutfreelyuntilthegatewaslockedatnight.Fortherestofhisdays,Dickenswasinterestedinprisons.Wheneverhetraveledthroughstrangetownsandcities,hewenttovisitthem,asothertouristswouldvisitmuseumsandpalaces.Almosteverybookhewrotehasaprisonandsomeprisonersinit.Hehadbeenbornin1812andhadstayedbusyatonekindofworkoranotherfromthetimehewassixyearsofage.Hediedofasuddenstrokein1870.HeprovidedtheworldwithitsclearestpictureofthetextureofEnglishlifeduringthe1800's,onewithoutwhichreaderswouldneverknowthesounds,smells,andtastesofthoselong-agodays.A.theboycouldn'traiseenoughmoney.B.hecouldn'treturnthemoneyhehadborrowedfromothers.C.theboywasunsuccessfulinmakingenoughmoneyintheboot-blackingfactory.D.theboywastoosmalltosavehim.3.Thecommonpracticeofthosedayswas______A.thefamilyshouldgotolivetogetherwiththeprisoner.B.thefamilymembersshouldremaininprisonuntiltheprisonerwassetfree.C.thefamilymemberscouldstaywiththeprisonerandhavefreedomtoleaveorentertheprisoninthedaytime.D.thefamilymemberscouldgoinandoutoftheprisonatanytime.4.ThedifferencebetweenCharlesDickensandothertouristsliesinthat______A.helikedtovisitprisonswhileothersdidn't.B.helikedtovisitpalaceswhileothersdidn't.C.hewasnotinterestedinprisonswhileotherswere.D.othersshowedmoreinterestinprisonsthanhim.5.IfyoureadCharlesDickens’snovels,youcan______A.seeaclearestpicture.B.hearthesounds,enjoythesmellsandtastesofthoselong-agodays.C.knowveryclearlywhatthelifeofthenineteenthcenturyEnglandwaslike.D.knowclearlyhowheandhisfamilylivedintheprison.(BBCAC)13.Goethe,Germany’sGreatestPoet歌德—德国最伟大的诗人约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德(1749－1832)，是18世纪中叶到19世纪初德国和欧洲最重要的作家、诗人。歌德是德国狂飙突进运动的主将，其作品充满了反叛精神，在诗歌、戏剧、散文等方面都有较高的成就。主要作品有剧本《葛兹·冯·伯里欣根》、中篇小说《少年维特的烦恼》、未完成的诗剧《普罗米修斯》和诗剧《浮士德》的雏形《原浮士德》。此外还写了许多抒情诗和评论文章。他对世界文学宝库的巨大贡献，使他成为世界文化名人，每年逢他的生日，各国文艺界都举行纪念活动。hisclosefriendKestner.Brokenhearted,hereturnedtoFrankfurtandlaterdiscoveredthatKestnerhadkilledhimself.TheseeventsformthebasisofhisbeautifulnovelTheSorrowofYoungWerther,themostimportantliteraryworkoftheearlyRomanticperiod.In1786GoethetouredItaly,andthishadastronginfluenceonhiswork,allowinghimtojoinhisearlierRomanticstylewiththeClassicideaofGreeceandRome.Hismasterpiece,Faust,publishedin1831,wastheproductoffiftyyearsofwork.ItisthegreatestdramaticpoemintheGermanlanguage.GoethediedatWeimarin1832.HeleftbehindhimareputationasoneofEurope'sforemostwritersandphilosophers.Todaythereputationisstrongerthanever.ComprehensionQuestions:1.WhenwementionthetownofFrankfurtweoftenthinkofJohannWolfgangvonGoethebecause______A.Germany'sgreatestliterarymanGoethewasbornthere.B.GoetheleftFrankfurtmanytimes.C.GoethealwaysthoughtofFrankfurtashishome.D.GoethelovedFrankfurt.2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?______A.Thedoorofthehou