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2012年英语专业八级真题及参考答案TEM8-2012TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2012)-GRADEEIGHT-TIMELIMIT:195MINPARTILISTENINGCOMPREttENSION(35MIN)SECTIONAMINI-LECTUREInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLYWhilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE,usingnomorethanthreewordsineachgap.Makesuretheword(s)youfillinis(are)bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayrefertoyournoteswhilecompletingthetask.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking.Now,listentothemini-lecture.ObservationBehaviourPeopledoobservationindailylifecontextforsafetyorforproperbehaviour.However,therearedifferencesindailylifeobservationandresearchobservation.A.Differences----dailylifeobservation--casual--(1)________--defendenceonmemory----researchobservation--(2)_________--carefulrecordkeepingB.Waystoselectsamplesinresearch----timesampling--systematic:e.g.fixedintervalseveryhour--random:fixedintervalsbut(3)_______Systematicsamplingandrandomsamplingareoftenusedincombination.----(4)_______--definition:selectionofdifferentlocations--reason:humans’oranimals’behaviour(5)______acrosscircumstances--(6)______:moreobjectiveobservationsC.Waystorecordbehaviour(7)_______----observationwithintervention--participantobservation:researcherasobserverandparticipant--fieldexperiment:research(8)______overconditions----observationwithoutintervention--purpose:describingbehaviour(9)______--(10)______:nointervention--researcher:apassiverecorderSECTIONBINTERVIEWInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefoliowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutcreativityisINCORRECT?A.Creativitystemsfromhumanbeingsnovelthinking.B.Thedurationofthecreativeprocessvariesfrompersontoperson.C.Creativepeoplefocusonnovelthinkingratherthanonsolutions.D.Theoutcomeofhumancreativitycomesinvariedforms.2.TheintervieweecitestheBachfamilytoshowthatcreativityA.appearstobetheresultoftheenvironment.B.seemstobeattributabletogeneticmakeup.C.appearstobemoreassociatedwithgreatpeople.D.comesfrombothenvironmentandgeneticmakeup.3.Howmanytypesofthecreativeprocessdoestheintervieweedescribe?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.4.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesofacreativepersonalityisNOTmentionedintheinterview?A.Unconventional.B.Original.C.Resolute.D.Critical.5.TheintervieweessuggestionforacreativityworkoutsupportstheviewthatA.brainexercisingwillnotmakepeoplecreative.B.mostpeoplehavediversifiedinterestsandhobbies.C.theenvironmentissignificantinthecreativeprocess.D.creativitycanonlybefoundingreatpeople.SECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.6.Whatisthenewsitemmainlyabout?A.U.S.astronautsmadethreespacewalks.B.Aninternationalspacestationwassetup.C.Aprobleminthecoolingsystemwassolved.D.A350-kilogramammoniapumpwasremoved.Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.7.Inwhichcountrywouldparentsoftenthreatentopunishchildrenbyleavingthemoutside?A.India.B.ThePhilippines.C.Egypt.D.Notmentioned.8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthestudy?A.Torevealculturaldifferencesandsimilarities.B.Toexposecasesofchildabuseandpunishment.C.Toanalyzechildbehaviouracrosscountries.D.Toinvestigatewaysofphysicalpunishment.Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.9.Accordingtothenewsitem,Japanseconomicgrowthinthesecondquarterwas____lessthanthefirstquarter.A.0.6percentB.3.4percentC.4percentD.3percent10.HowmanyreasonsdoesthenewsitemciteforJapanssloweconomicgrowth?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN)Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.TEXTAIusedtolookatmyclosetandseeclothes.Thesedays,wheneverIcastmyeyesuponthestacksofshoesandhangersofshirts,sweatersandjackets,Iseewater.Ittakes569gallonstomanufactureaT-shirt,fromitsstartinthecottonfieldstoitsappearanceonstoreshelves.Apairofrunningshoes?1,247gallons.Untillastfall,Idbeenoblivioustomywaterfootprint,whichisdefinedasthetotalvolumeoffreshwaterthatisusedtoproducegoodsandservices,accordingtotheWaterFootprintNetwork.TheDutchnonprofithasbeenworkingtoraiseawarenessoffreshwaterscarcitysince2008,butitwasthroughtheGreenBlueBookbyThomasM.KostigenthatIwasabletoseehowmyownactionsfactoredin.Iveinstalledgray-watersystemstoreusethewastewaterfrommylaundry,machineandbathtuband