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UNIT10TheIdiocyofUrbanLifeContent※BackgroundInformation※Pre-readingQuestions※WordStudy※StructureAnalysis※RhetoricalFeaturesPre-readingquestions:1.Haveyoueverlivedinthecountry?Ifyes,howdoyoufeelaboutthedifferencesbetweencountrylifeandcitylife?Ifno,doyouwishtoliveinthecountryforsometime?2.Howdoyouunderstandthenewword“urbanization”?Whatmightbetheresultofthistrend?Talkabouttheabovetwoquestions…Pleasetalkaboutthefollowingcartoons.1.Trafficinthefuture2.Whatisurbanization?HenryFairlie*BorninLondon*ReceivedadegreefromCorpusChristiCollege圣体学院atOxfordUniversityin1945*AnexpatriateBritishandjournalist*WrotemostlyforAmericanpublications,includingTheWashingtonPost,TheNewYorkTimes,TheNewYorker,andTheAtlanticBookswrittenbyhimTheLifeofPolitics(1969)《政治的生活》TheKennedyPromise(1973)《肯尼迪许诺》TheSpoiledChildoftheWesternWorld:theMiscarriageoftheAmericanIdeainOurTime(1976)《西方世界的被宠坏的孩子：在我们的时间美国想法的失败》TheParties:RepublicansandDemocratsinThisCentury(1978)《那些党：这个世纪的共和党人和民主党人》WordStudyCongregatev.Collectorgatherintoamassorcrowd聚集，集合e.g.Peoplequicklycongregatedroundthespeaker.Cruisev.1)(ofavehicleoritsdriver)travel漫游e.g.Weareplanningtospendourretirementcruisingonluxurylinersaroundtheworld.2)Togoormovealonginanmoderatespeed航游，巡航e.g.Taxiscruisedabout,hopingtopickupthelatefares.Disdainv.Thinkoneselfsuperiorto;reject蔑视，鄙视，鄙弃e.g.Ournewneighborsseemtobedisdainingtospeaktous.Theoldermusiciansdisdainthenew,rock-influencedmusic.Exertionn.Effortsorendeavors努力，尽力Makeexertion尽力Exertv.Tomakeuseofsth.e.g.Parentsexertapowerfulinfluenceontheirchildren’sopinions.Gregariousa.Fondofcompany;livinginflocksorcommunities社交的，群居的e.g.Sheisveryoutgoingandgregarious.Grievousa.Veryseriousandoftencausinggreatpainorsuffering极严重的，使人痛苦的e.g.Washingfoodwhenothersarestarvingisagrievouswrong.Insolencen.Arrogance;contempt傲慢；无礼e.g.Hehadtheinsolencetotellmetoleavetheroom.Insolenta.无礼的Insolentto/towardssb.Insomniac1)a.Experiencingoraccompaniedbysleeplessness失眠的；失眠症的e.g.InsomniacoldpeopleInsomniacnights2)n.Sb.Whocannotsleep失眠症患者e.g.Insomniacsdonotsleepbecausetheyworryaboutit,andtheyworryaboutitbecausetheydonotsleep.Lunacyn.1)Unsoundnessofmind;insanity;madness精神错乱；疯狂2)Veryfoolishbehavior机愚蠢的行为e.g.It’ssheerlunacydrivinginthiswhether.Pamperingn.Overindulgence(ofaperson,tasteetc.);luxury过分放纵；奢侈e.g.Citydwellerstakethecitywiththemtothecountry,fortheywillnotlivewithoutitspampering.Pamperv.Treatwithtoomuchkindnessorindulgence;spoil纵容；溺爱e.g.Don’tpamperyourlittledaughter.Posture1)n.Thepositioninwhichyouholdyourbodywhenstandingorsitting姿势e.g.Sowhentheyadoptapostureofrestraint,Iunderstandtheirthinking.2)v.姿势；作……姿势e.g.Heenjoysposturinginfrontoftheaudience.Posen.&v.Apositionofthebody,especiallyastakenuptoproduceandeffectinart姿势；姿态e.g.Themodelwasaskedtoadoptvariousposesforthephotographer.Preconditionn.Apriorconditionthatmustbefulfilledbeforeotherthingscanbedone前提；先决条件e.g.Underthisprecondition，anythingcanbediscussed.Thewordswithprefix“pre”:PreviewpreludePreparepreschoolPrepositionprefacePretense(alsopretence)n.Afalseshowofintentionsormotives假象，假装e.g.Theboydidn’tcometotheclassunderthepretenseofsickness.Pretendv.假装，伪装e.g.Ifyoupretendtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow,you'llonlymakeafoolofyourselfPrima.1)Neat整洁的e.g.Aprimgarden2)Veryformatandcorrectinbehaviorandeasilyshockedbyanythingrude正式的，拘谨的e.g.Sheismuchtooprimandpropertogointoapub.Reelv.1)Movefromsidetosideunsteadily蹒跚，踉跄e.g.Atclosingtimehereeledoutofthepubandacrosstheeroad.2)Sayorrepeatsth.Rapidlywithoutpauseorapparenteffort一口气说；重复某事e.g.Reeloffalistofnames3)(ofthemindorhead)beorbecomedizzyorconfused;beinawhirl(心智或头脑）眩晕，迷乱，发昏e.g.Theveryideasetsmyheadreeling.Reign1)v.Holdroyaloffice;prevail;holdsway统治，当政。为王e.g.Itistheratsthatreignovertheurbanlifeaccordingtotheauthor.2)n.e.g.DuringthereignofHenryVII,SpainwasalsoaverypowerfulcountryinEuropejustlikeFrance.Scurryv.Runormovehurriedly,especiallywithshortquicksteps碎步疾驰e.g.Weallscurriedforshelterwhenthestormbegan.Simulationn.Imitationoftheconditionsof(asituationetc.);resemblance模拟；仿真e.g.Iwasquitedeceivedbyhersimulationofinnocence.Simulatev.Imitate;givetheappearanceof模拟，模仿e.g.Incheapfurniture,plasticisoftenusedtosimulatewood.Slumpv.Moveorwalkinaclumsy,heavyorlaboriousmanner垂头哈腰地走e.g.SlumpalongthestreetSolituden.Thestateofbeingalone独处，独居e.g.Sheenjoysthesolitudeofherownflat.Urbanea.Goodatknowingwhattosayandhowtobehaveinsocialsituations;courteousandrefined温文儒雅的，练达的，从容不迫的e.g.AnurbanemanWell-groomeda.(ofaperson)withcarefullytendedhair,clothesetc.干净整洁的，衣冠楚楚的e.g.Healwayslooksverywell-groomed.StructureAnalysisPartOne:Para.1-2Theauthorpresentsthethesisofhisargument:aggressivelyindividualisticandatomizedurbanlifetodaygoesagainstboththepurposeoftheCityandhumannature,andthusisfoolish.PartTwo:Para.3-9PartThree:Para.10Theauthorprovidesevidencefortheidiocyofurbanlife,suchaspeoplelivingoutsidethecityboundaries,maintainingthepointlessfrenzyoftheirworkhoursintheirhoursoff,andisolatingthemselvesfromnature.Theauthorreiterateshispoint.PartOnePre-readingquestions:1.Howdoestheauthorthinkaboutthehumanurbanlife?2.Whatisthepurposeofmentioni