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一．容器与耗材（vessel&consumablematerial）小瓶vial量杯measuringcup烧杯beaker量筒measuringflask/measuringcylinderer坩埚crucible坩埚钳crucibleclamp试管testtube漏斗funnel比色皿cuvette鱼缸aquarium烧瓶flask锥形瓶conicalflask三角瓶Erlenmeyer塞子stopper/plug洗瓶plasticwashbottle玻璃活塞stopcock试剂瓶reagentbottles玻棒glassrod搅拌棒stirringrod容量瓶volumetricflask/measuringflask移液管(one-mark)pipette吸液管pipette滤器filter滤纸filterpaper培养皿culturedish移液枪pipette移液枪枪头pipettetips剃刀刀片razorblade手术刀scalpel垃圾袋disposablebag垃圾桶garbagebin橡皮筋rubberband托盘Tray铝箔aluminiumfoil洗耳球rubbersuctionbulb保鲜膜preservativefilm研磨钵mortar研杵pestle小滴管dropper蒸馏装置distillingapparatus桶bucket广口瓶wide-mouthbottle离心机转子rotor试管架testtubeholder/rack酒精灯alcoholburner酒精喷灯blastalcoholburner搅拌装置stirringdevice石蜡封口膜Parafilm微量离心管（EP管）Eppendorftube载玻片Slide盖玻片Coverglass离心管Centrifugetube电泳槽Geltank电线Electricalleads牙签Toothpick螺丝钉Screw锁紧螺母Nut,Capnut复印纸Copypaper复写纸Carbonpaper钉Nail试管刷test-tubebrush计时器Timer闹钟AlarmclockU形钉Staple衣服挂钩Coathanger电泳用的梳子Comb扳手Shiftingspanner订书机Stapler订书钉staple圆珠笔芯Refill灯泡Globe记号笔markerpen注射器syringe注射器活塞plunger铁架台ironsupport万能夹extensionclamp止水夹flatjawpinchcock圆形漏斗架cast-ironring橡胶管rubbertubing药匙labspoon镊子forceps剪刀scissor打孔器stopperborerpH试纸universalphindicatorpaper称量纸weighingpaper擦镜纸wiperforlens水银温度计mercury-filledthermometer真空泵vacuumpump水浴锅waterbathkettle口罩respirator电极electrode阳极,正极anode阴极,负极cathode二．实验操作（manipulation）：丢弃discard转移容器decant吸出aspirate吹吸blowingandsuction离心收集pellet重悬resuspend絮状沉淀flocculentprecipitate浑浊的turbid烘bake灭菌sterilize培养foster通风ventilate冷却chilldown稀释dilute洗脱elute孵育incubate裂解物Lysate沉淀Sediment上清Supernatant色谱chromatograph沉淀precipitate接种inoculate蒸馏distil/distill搅拌Stir/agitate中和neutralize漂洗rinse脱水dehydrate发酵fermentation溶解dissolve燃烧combustion水解hydrolysis过滤filtrate催化剂catalyst研磨grind破碎crush催化作用catalysis分解dissolution涡旋震荡Vortex电泳Electrophoresis抽滤suctionfiltration电转化electrotransformation收菌harvest切碎chop/mince灌注perfusion浆液slurry三．仪器（apparatus）恒温循环仪Thermostaticcirculator空调机AirconditionerpH计pHmeter磁力搅拌器magneticstirrer烘箱oven微波炉microwaveoven电磁炉electromagneticoven凝胶系统Gelsystem电子天平Electronicbalance转接器Adapter离心机centrifuge封口设备Sealingequipment复印机Duplicator,copyingmachine超净工作台supercleanbench通风橱fumecupboard药柜Cupboard电泳电源Electrophoresispowersupply紫外灯Ultravioletillumination真空泵Vacuumpump天平balance/scale分析天平analyticalbalance台秤platformbalance涡旋振荡器VortexingmachineCO2培养箱CO2Incubators电子显微镜ElectroMicroscopy电泳仪ElectrophoresisSystem酶标仪ELIASA恒流泵constantflowpump解剖镜anatomicallensPCR仪InstrumentforPolymeraseChainReaction倒置显微镜InvertedMicroscope核磁共振波谱仪NuclearMagneticResonanceSpectrometer光学显微镜OpticalMicroscopypH计pHMeter摇床Shaker培养箱incubator超滤器UltrahighPurityFilter超低温冰箱Ultra-lowTemperatureFreezer超声破碎仪UltrasonicCellDisruptor紫外观察灯UltravioletLamp紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer计算器calculato/numerator四．化学试剂（reagent）1、氨基酸丙氨酸alanine(Ala,A)缬氨酸valine(Val,V)亮氨酸leucine(Leu,L)异亮氨酸isoleucine(Ile,I)脯氨酸proline(Pro,P)苯丙氨酸phenylalanine(Phe,F)色氨酸tryptophan(Trp,W)蛋氨酸methionine(Met,M)甘氨酸glycine(Gly,G)丝氨酸serine(Ser,S)苏氨酸threonine(Thr,T)半胱氨酸cysteine(Cys,C)酪氨酸tyrosine(Tyr,Y)天冬氨酸asparagines(Asn,N)谷氨酰胺glutamine(Gln,Q)赖氨酸lysine(Lys,K)精氨酸arginine(Arg,R)组氨酸histidine(His,H)天冬氨酸asparticacid(Asp,D)谷氨酸glutamicacid(Glu,E)2、核苷酸腺苷adenosine鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine胞苷cytidine胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine尿嘧啶核苷uridine脱氧deoxy3、其他化学试剂二甲苯Xylene冰乙酸Aceticacidglacial硼酸Boricacid(H3BO3,61.83)氯化钙Calciumchloride巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪唑Imidazole盐酸胍guanidinehydrochloride无水乙醇absoluteethanol乙酸钠Sodiumacetate氯化钠Sodiumchloride生理盐水physiologicalsaline洗涤剂detergent十二烷基硫酸钠Sodiumdodecylsulphate盐酸hydrochloricacid氢氧化钠sodiumhydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白胨Tryptone酵母提取物yeastextract琼脂Agar两性霉素amphotericin氨苄Ampicillin肝素heparin卡那霉素Kanamycin醋酸钾Potassiumacetate异丙醇Isopropanol醋酸铵Ammoniumacetate异戊醇Isoamylalcohol氯仿Chloroform甲醇methanol高锰酸钾potassiumhypermanganate考马斯亮蓝Coomassiebrilliantblue液氮liquidnitrogen次氯酸钠clorox苯酚phenol阴离子anion碱性alkalinity