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英文与简称中文意义备注重要的相关名词解释：ERP(enterpriseresourceplanning)企业资源计划CRM(customerrelationalmanagement)客户关系管理BPR(businessprocessreengineering)企业业务流程重组BOM(billofmaterial)物料清单JIT(Just-in-Time)准时制生产TQM(totalqualitymanagement)全面质量管理MRP2(ManufacturingResourcePlanning)制造资源计划为了与物料需求计划MRP区别，后面加了twoMRP(materialrequiremantsplanning)物料需求计划A字母acquisitioncost,orderingcost定货费assemble-to-order定货组装AS/RS(automatedstorage/retrievalsystem)自动化仓储系统activitycostpool作业成本集activity-basedcosting作业基准成本法ATP(availabletopromise)可供销售量APICS(AmericanProductionandInventoryControlSociety,Inc.)美国生产与库存管理系统agilemanufacturing敏捷制造APICSAppliedManufacturingEducationSeries实用制造管理系列培训教材AMT(AdvancedManufacturingTechnology)先进制造技术anticipationinventory预期储备B字母backscheduling倒排计划backflushing反冲法BOR(billofresource)资源清单businessplan经营规划batchprocess批流程bottleneck瓶颈资源(工序)backorder脱期定单backlog拖欠定单billofmaterials物料清单bucketlesssystem无时段系统C字母carryingcost保管费closed-loopMRP闭环MRPcostroll-up成本滚动计算法costedBOM成本物料单costofstockout短缺损失criticalworkcenter关键工作中心criticalpathmethod关键路线法CAPP(computer-aidedprocessplanning)计算机辅助工艺设计CASE(computer-aidedsoftwareengineering)计算机辅助软件工程CAD（computer-aideddesign）计算机辅助设计CAM(computer-aidedmanufacturing)计算机辅助制造CIMS(computerintegratedmanufacturingsystem)计算机集成制造系统criticalratio紧迫系数component子件/组件costdriverrate作业成本发生因素单位费用costdriver作业成本发生因素customerdeliverleadtime客户交货提前期cumulativeleadtime累计提前期continuousprocess连续流程COMMS(CustomerOrientedManufacturingManagementSystem)面向客户制造管理系统capacitylevel能力利用水平capacitymanagement能力管理capacityrequirementsplanning能力需求计划currentstandartcost现行标准成本cyclecounting循环盘点D字母DCS(distributedcontrolsystem)分布式控制系统DMRP(distributedMRP)分布式MRPDRP(distributionresourceplanning)分销资源计划distributionrequirementsplanning分销需求计划demonstratedcapacity纪实能力decisionsupportsystem决策支持系统discretemanufacturing离散型生产dispatchlist派工单daysoffset偏置天数dependentdemand相关需求件demandmanagement需求管理DTF(demandtimefence)需求时界demandcycle需求周期dropshipment直运E字母EDI(electronicdatainterchange)电子数据交换ergonomics工效学EOQ(economicorderquantity)经济定货量法earliestduedate最早定单完成日期ECO(engineeringchangeorder/notice)设计变更通知engineeringBOM工程物料清单ETO(engineer-to-order)专项生产F字母financialaccounting财务会计financialentity财务实体fixedperiodrequirements定期用量法FOQ(fixedorderquantity)固定批量法formalsystem规范化管理系统feature基本组件floorstock,bulkitem作业现场库存firm-plannedorder确定定单firm-plannedtimefence确定计划时单FMS(flexiblemanufacturingsystem)柔性制造系统feature特征件forwardscheduling顺排计划favorablevariance有利差异FCS(finitecapacityscheduling)有限能力计划finiteforwardscheduling有限顺排计划finiteloading有限排负荷FAS(finalassemblyschedule)总装进度G字母GT(grouptechnology)成组技术grossrequirements毛需求H字母hedgeinventory囤积库存I字母independentdemand独立需求informalsystem非规范化管理inventory库存inventoryturnover/turns库存(资金)周转次数indentedBOM缩排式物料清单input/outputcontrol投入/产出控制item,material,part物料itemmaster,materialmaster物料主文件infiniteloading无限排负荷J字母jobshop机群式布置车间K字母kitting配套出售件L字母low-levercode低层码logistics后勤保证体系leanproduction精益生产leastslackperoperation最小单个工序平均时差lotsizing批量规则lotsizeinventory批量库存leadtime提前期leadtimeoffset提前期偏置lot-for-lot因需定量法livepilot应用模拟M字母movetime传送时间MTO(make-to-order)定货生产managementaccounting管理会计MIS(managementinformationsystem)管理信息系统minimumbalance最小库存余量managementbyexception例外管理法modularBOM模块化物料单measureofvelocity生产速率水平maintenance,repair,andoperationsupplies维护修理操作物料materialmanagement物料管理materialreviewboard物料核定机构materialmanager物料经理materialavailable物料可用量ModernMaterialsHandling现代物料搬运manufacturingBOM制造物料清单MES(manufacturingexecutivesystem)制造执行系统MPS(masterproductionschedule)主生产计划masterscheduler主生产计划员N字母netchange净改变法netrequirements净需求netting净需求计算O字母orderpolicy定货策略orderpointsystem定货点法orderingcost定货费overheadapportionment/allocation间接费分配overheadrate,burdenfactor,absorptionrate间按费率option可选件openorder未结定单OPTO(ptimizedProductionTechnology)优化生产技术P字母ploicyandprocedure工作准则与工作规程plannedorderreceipts计划产出量plannedorder计划定单plannedcapacity计划能力PERT(programevaluationresearchtechnology)计划评审技术planninghorizon计划期PTF(plannedtimefence)计划时界plannedorderreleases计划投入量planningBOM计划物料单proposedcost建议成本pickinglist领料/提货单parentitem母件ParetoPrinciple帕拉图原理productioncycle生产周期productionactivitycontrol生产作业控制pointofuse使用点phantom虚拟件performancemeasurement业绩评价projectedavailablebalance预计可用库存量priority优先级prototyping,computerpilot原型测试POQ(periodorderquantity)周期定货量法pegging追溯Q字母queuetime排队时间R字母resupplyorder补库单RCCP(rough-cutcapacityplanning)粗能力计划repetitivemanufacturing重复式生产ratedcapacity额定能力routing工艺路线runtime加工时间resourcerequirementsplanning资源需求计划requisition请购单regeneration全重排法releasedorder,openorder下达定单requiredcapacity需用能力S字母safetystock安全库存safetyleadtime安全提前期standardcostsystem标准成本体系shopfloorcontrol车间作业控制shoporder车间定单scrap废品率scheduler计划员supplychain供需链shopcalendar工作日历summarizedBOM汇总物料清单scheduledreceipts计划接收量seasonalstock季节储备ship-to交货地setuptime准备时间spendingvariance,expenditurevariance开支差异SMED(single-minuteexchangeofdies)快速换模法simulatedcost模拟成本shrinkage缩减率synchronousmanufacturing同步制造SOP(salesandoperationsplanning)销售与动作规划T字母transittime传送时间topmanagementcommitment领导承诺timebucket时段timefence时界timezone时区TOC(TheoryofConstraints)约束理论transportationinventory,pipelinestock在途库存totalleadtime总提前期U字母V字母volumevar