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英语国际音标音素和国际音标1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5.开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,dueb)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello6.闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,madb)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant7.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。•元音和辅音的定义：•发音时气流不受阻碍，这样的语音称为元音。•发音时气流受到一定的阻碍，这样的语音称为辅音。•发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。•发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。元音12个单元音长元音[a:][ә:][i:][ɔ:][u:]短元音[Λ][ә][i][ɔ][u][æ][e]8个双元音[ai][ei][ɔi][iә][eә][uә][au][әu]辅音10对清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][∫][t∫][tr][θ][ts]浊辅音[b][d][g][v][z][3][d3][dr][ð][dz]3个鼻音[m][n][η]3个似拼音[h][r][l]2个半元音[w][j]ContentLesson1---[i:][i][ә:][ә]Lesson8---[∫][3][t∫][d3]Lesson2---[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]]Lesson3---[a:][Λ][æ][e]Lesson4---[ei][ai][ɔi][au]Lesson6---[p][b][t][d]Lesson5---[әu][iә][eә][uә]Lesson7---[k][g][s][z]]Lesson9---[f][v][θ][ð]Lesson11---[h][r][l][m]Lesson10--[ts][dz][tr][dr]Lesson12---[n][η][w][j]Lesson1元音[i:][i][ә:][ә]学习•[i:]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaee•e:mebesheheweevening•ee:sweetbeesweepsheepseesleep•ea:meatleafseapeateacheat•根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。•1.seatrainbeancat•2.giftfeetteacherdog•3.pigstartreejeep•4.sweetseafishthe•[i]发这个音的字母和字母组合ieyeyay•i:pigfishinfifteensixshipthin•e:beginbehindjacketbasketball•y:happyheavybusycarrysunnylovelythirsty•ey:monkeymoney•ay:SundaySaturdayFriday•根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。•1.sofasitkicklip•2.inkgiftjamship•3.handpicturebigsister•4.hotlickpigjelly•[ә:]发这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearor•er:herserveterm•ir:birdgirlskirtfirstdirtyskirtshirt•ur:nurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtain•ear:earlylearn•or:wordworkworld•根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。•1.thirtybeerthirstywheat•2.bankkinghernurse•3.turtlebirdrabbitknee•4.roomrunshirtterm[ә]发这个音的字母和字母组合ureerarorae•ure:picture•er:teacherbrotherdinnerfathersister•ar:sugar•or:doctor•a:pandaaboutabovecamerasofaChina•根据发音规则，找出发[ә]的2个单词。•1.mothersofaroadsmile•2.sitfathersisterfood•3.hairdeertigerChina•4.sugarsoonearleader音标[i:][i][ә:][ә]练习1.读音标写单词。[bi:][bә:d][si:][swi:t][′bizi][hә:][′dɔktә][′sistә][li:f][hi:]2.连线。meat[ә:]thirsty[i]driver[ә]animal[i:]Lesson2音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]学习[ɔ:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aawaloroora:wateraw:drawstrawberryal:ballwallor:horseforkorshortoor:floordoor根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的1个单词1.tallbirdbreadpoor2.ideachairsporthare3.cakebearwalkcup4.drinkshortbagmilk•[ɔ]发这个音的字母和字母组合oa•o:coffeedogdoctorlong•a:watch•根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ]的2个单词•1.doctorteacherboxclothes•2.coldzooclockdog•3.lovebosslotviolin•4.watchbeachfoxgirl[u:]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouio:dowhowhoseoo:foodmoontooui:fruitjuiceu:rulerrude根据发音规则，找出不发[u:]的单词。1.juicemoonzoopanda2.toothbroomeyespoon3.headbootnoodlespool4.nooncoolbootwatch•[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooou•o:womanwolf•oo:goodfootwood•u:bullbullet•根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。•1.mouthbooklookpull•2.pushtapesugarfoot•3.woodkindwolfbull•4.bulletwoodcookname音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]练习一．找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①moonfoodeatfruit()②truebookwoodlook()③foursmallwalkbird()④gotclockshopshirt()⑤busfootpushbook()⑥lostballlongox()⑦rulerdogmooncakeblue()⑧bigshiphorseit•二.写出单词或音标。•[bru:m][dɔ:][sit][bә:d]•[fut][wi:][dɔg][′sistә]•三.将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。•hot[blu:]•football[huk]•blue[ki:s]•hook[futbɔ:l]•kiss[hɔt]Lesson3音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习•[a:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aarauear•a:grassplantdancefastfather•ar:cararmMarchgardendark•au:laughaunt•ear:heart•根据发音规则，圈出发[a:]的2个单词。•1.armlipdoctorcard•2.cloudcartgardengate•3.ballscarfdarktiger•4.joblorryMarchpark•[Λ]发这个音的字母和字母组合ouooou•o:soncomecolourlovemoney•u:sunnutjumpsupperus•ou:touchcousincountry•根据发音规则，找出每组中发[Λ]的单词。•1.hearcupbedair•2.voiceboyduckant•3.vasecornbeargun•4.cuteboymoneyher•[æ]发这个音的字母和字母组合aa:dadappleflaghandstand根据发音规则，找出每组中发[æ]的单词。•1.ratbedfacesport•2.hearcupfatpear•3.ricebatfingertree•4.seayoungknifeapple[e]舌尖抵下齿，上下唇间能容一个手指。•[e]发这个音的字母和字母组合eea•e:eggdesktenpen•ea:breadhead•根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。•1.catwelllegpen•2.sweatmappetelephant•3.eggtentalldesk•4.breadheadbedtoy•音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习•一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。•[a:]：[Λ]：[æ]：[e]：____•二．选出下列没有相同发音的词。•()1.cararmfoodgarden•()2.truejumpbuscut•()3.bagshortmapflag•()4.eggpenheadsmall•()5.gotclockbelldog•()6.rabbitbookwoodfoot•()7.ratbatappleten•()8.gunstarduckmoneg•三.写出单词或音标。•［pa:st］[ru:m][swet][sit]•[fæt][gɔt][cΛp][shә:t]•bagcarbusbreadstarhead•四.选出下列每题中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在（）里画☆,有两种读音的画△,有三种的画◇•()1.hatfastcooklast•()2.jeepdoorsungum•()3.dadcaphandmap•()4.starcarcutfrom•()5.skirtsheepbirdher•五.改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词•like_________________(交通工具)•hat________________(动物)•lake________________(食品)•nice_______________(数字)•hot_________________(用品)•well_______________(用品)Lesson4元音音标[ei][ai][ɔi][au]练习[ei]发这个音的字母和字母组合aaiaya:cakenamegamesnakelazyai:raintrainwaitay:dayMayplaytadayway根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样的1.facewavesheeptail2.grapeplanenamecoat3.timetapetrainsnake4.rainsoapcaketrain•[ai]发这个音的字母和字母组合iyieuy•i:kitebikenicetigerknife•y:bycryflymysky•ie:tiepie•uy:buy•根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ai]的2个.•1.ricegoodjamright•2.shipmineice-creammouse•3.cloudsittieeye•4.writesmalltenniskite•[ɔi]发这个音的字母和字母组合oioy•oi:oilboilcoin•oy:boytoy•根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ɔi]的2个单词.•1.soilhearsoycold•2.rabbitbedboynoise•3.walkvoiseboilword•4.teaenjoytoymilk•[au]发这个音的字母和字母组合ouow•ou:housemousemouthtrousers•ow:flowercowhownowdown•根据发音规则，选出不发[au]的单词。•1．mousecloudarmclown•2.teac