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Unit2NuclearRadiationInthisunityouwill:1.learnaboutnuclearradiationandtheconsequencesresultingfromanuclearcrisis;2.familiarizeyourselfwiththewordsandexpressionsrelatedtothethemeoftheunit;3.learntorecognizemainideasandunderstandthepurposeofalecture;4.enhancelisteningskillsthroughnon-themerelatedaudioandvideomaterials;5.learntouseproperexpressionsandsentencestructurestogetconferenceinformationfromtheregistrar.LearningobjectivesPartITheme-RelatedActivitiesPartIIListeningStrategiesPartIIIExtensiveListeningPartIVCommunicationSkillsPartVAssessmentLogPartITheme-RelatedActivitiesSectionIScienceReportISectionIIScienceReportIISectionIIIScienceReportIII1.Areyouexposedtoradiationeveryday?2.Whatisthephysicalprocessofnuclearradiation?Lead-inquestions:Unit2》PartI》SectionI》Lead-inquestionsWordBankproton/ˈprəʊtɒn/n.质子neutron/ˈnjuːtrɒn/n.中子weld/weld/v.接合，焊接uranium/juˈreɪniəm/n.铀fission/ˈfɪʃn/n.裂变CANDU(CanadianDeuteriumUraniumreactor)n.加拿大重水铀反应堆moderator/ˈmɒdəreɪtə(r)/n.减速剂deuterium/djuːˈtɪərɪəm/n.重氢calandria/kəˈlændriə/n.排管式容器coolant/ˈkuːlənt/n.冷却剂Unit2》PartI》SectionI》WordBankturbine/ˈtɜːbaɪn/n.涡轮机domesticate/dəˈmestɪkeɪt/v.训化ingenuity/ˌɪndʒəˈnjuːəti/n.聪明才智radioactivity/ˈreɪdiəʊækˈtɪvəti/n.放射性lowfrequency低频submerge/səbˈmɜːdʒ/v.湮没opaque/əʊˈpeɪk/adj.不透明的disrupt/dɪsˈrʌpt/v.扰乱offspring/ˈɒfsprɪŋ/n.后代respiratory/rəˈspɪrətri/adj.呼吸的pneumonia/njuːˈməʊniə/n.肺炎Unit2》PartI》SectionI》WordBankbonemarrow骨髓juggle/ˈdʒʌɡl/v.耍弄mortalityrate死亡率ThreeMileIsland三里岛invariable/ɪnˈveəriəbl/adj.始终如一的Unit2》PartI》SectionI》WordBankNotesUnit2》PartI》SectionI》Notes1.ThreeMileIslandAccidentTheThreeMileIslandaccidentwasacoremeltdowninUnit2(apressurizedwaterreactormanufacturedbyBabcock&Wilcox)oftheThreeMileIslandNuclearGeneratingStationinDauphinCounty,PennsylvanianearHarrisburg,UnitedStatesin1979.ThepowerplantwasownedandoperatedbyGeneralPublicUtilitiesandMetropolitanEdison(MetEd).ItwasthemostsignificantaccidentinthehistoryoftheUSAcommercialnuclearpowergeneratingindustry,resultinginthereleaseofapproximately2.5millioncuriesofTask1Watchthevideoclipandthendecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.1.Thenucleiofcertainelements,suchasuranium,arestableandcanbesplitapartintheprocessknownasfission.2.Fissionwilloccurwhenneutronsaremovingtooquickly.3.Deuteriumhasaneutroninitsnucleus.4.Heavywaterismoreeffectiveasamoderatorthanlightwater.5.Anormallyoperatingreactorwillnotleakanyamountofradioactivity.FF________T____T____F____Unit2》PartI》SectionI》Task1Task2Watchthevideoclipforthesecondtimeandthencompletethefollowingsentences.1.Thecapacitytopenetratethroughotherwiseopaquesubstances.Thecapacityto,to.2.Radiationcausesthingsotherthanfatalcancersorinlive-bornoffspring.3.IthinkthenumberbeingcountedbytheCouncilonEconomicPriorities,,aroundnuclearcommercialplantsintheStateshavetodowithpneumonia-typedeaths.disruptbiologicalprocesses____________________________killcancercells____________serioustransmittablegeneticdisease______________________________ninethousanddeathsayear_______________________Unit2》PartI》SectionI》Task24.Buttheseareusedtoexploretherelationshipbetweensmokingandlungcancer.5.Theoverallexcessmortalitytheaccident,conservatively,was50,000extradeaths.thesametypesofstatisticaltechniques________________________________probablyattributableto___________________Unit2》PartI》SectionI》Task21.Howisradiationproduced?2.Howcanoneguaranteethesafeoperationofanuclearpowerplant?3.Howmanydifferenttypesofradiationdoesthisvideoimplythereare?Whatarethey?Task3Watchthevideoclipagainandgiveashortanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.Thereactorproducesradiationasitgeneratesheat.__________________________________________Personnelmustbewelltrained,sothattheycanmasterthiscomplextechnology._________________________________________________________________3,lowfrequencyradiation,highfrequencyradiation,nuclearradiation.____________________________________________________________Unit2》PartI》SectionI》Task34.Doesanuclearpowerplantaffectthemortalityrateinthesurroundingareas?【Script】AccordingtothestatisticsreleasedbyDr.Bertell,livingnearnuclearplantmeansmoreexposuretoelevatedlevelsofradiation,whichlargely,inturnleadstomoredeathtolls.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit2》PartI》SectionI》Task3ScriptUnit2》PartI》SectionI》ScriptTheatom:inthecentersurroundedbyacloudofnegativelychargedelectrons,liesthenucleus.There,protonsandneutronsareweldedtogetherbyunimaginablypowerfulforces,butthenucleiofcertainelements,likeuranium,areunstableandcanbesplitapartintheprocessknownasfission.Infission,anucleusabsorbsastrayneutronandsplitsapart.Heatandradiationarereleasedalongwithmoreneutrons.Iftherightmaterialisarrangedcorrectly,achain-reactionisproduced.Iftheneutronsaremovingtooquickly,fissionwillnotoccur.AWordBankevacuation/ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/n.撤离，疏散seal/siːl/v.密封carbondioxide二氧化碳filter/ˈfɪltə(r)/n.过滤器squat/skwɒt/v.蹲下dacha/ˈdætʃə/n.（俄语）（乡间）房屋vent/vent/v.通风suffocate/ˈsʌfəkeɪt/v.使……窒息而死kit/kɪt/n.成套设备（工具）fallout/ˈfɔːlaʊt/n.（核爆