1托福185写作思路分析+参考提纲TheIndependentWritingTopicsThefollowingisalistoftheactualIndependentWritingtopicsthatwereeligibleforuseonformerversionsoftheTOEFLtest.YouwillseetopicsverysimilartotheseontheTOEFLiBT.Whateverthetopic,youwillbeaskedtogiveyouropinionandtosupportyouropinionwithspecificreasonsandexamples.Itdoesnotmatterwhetheryouagreeordisagreewiththetopic;theratersaretrainedtoacceptallvarietiesofopinions.Whatmattersaretheskillsdiscussedintheprevioussection:yourabilitytoresponddirectlytothequestion,totakeaclearposition,andtowriteanessaycharacterizedbygoodorganization,properuseofsupportingexamples,sentencevariety,andcorrectsentencestructures.Noneofthetopicsrequiresspecializedknowledge.Mosttopicsaregeneralandarebasedonthecommonexperienceofpeopleingeneralandstudentsinparticular.Whatshouldyoudowiththislistoftopics?TopreparefortheWritingsectionofTOEFLiBT,youshouldchoosetopicsfromthelistandpracticewritingessaysinresponse.Makesureyoutimeyourself,taking30secondstoreadthequestion,planyourwork,andwriteyouressay.Aftercompletingtheessay,readitoverandcompareitwiththescoringguide.Orbetteryet,haveafriendorteacherevaluatetheessayagainstthescoringcriteriaandgiveyoufeedback.Peopleattendcollegeoruniversityformanydifferentreasons(forexample,newexperiences,careerpreparation,increasedknowledge).Whydoyouthinkpeopleattendcollegeoruniversity?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.参考分析:说明人们选择上大学的具体原因(一个或者多个):增加经验、拓展知识、开阔视野.Increasetheirexperienceofthemselves,expendtheirknowledgeinsubjectstheyfindinteresting,,educationandexperiencebreedabreathofvisionandunderstandingtous.Theycanlearnnewskillforcareerwithalotofopportunities.为了实现理想(ideal;idealistic)(如,周恩来就是为中华之崛起而读书).Whenwegototheuniversityitcanbebringaboutouridealistic,为了保证将来的就业机会.Itcanensureourobtainemploymentinthefuture.父母要求子女上大学.Ourparentsasktheirchildrentogototheuniversity.别人都上大学了,所以自己也选择读书.Aseriesofpeoplechoicetogotothe2university,soihaveonchoicebuttostudy.找不到工作.Ihaven'tagoodjob,soihavetochoiceattendcollege.(无知,总是一部分人做出某个选择的理由。上大学如是[1],去博物馆如是[12],从事危险运动亦如是[43]。)相关题目:[168]1、同意上大学好.(1)为未来工作进行准备offermoreopportunityinourfuture.(2)交更多的朋友,学习他们的思维方式makemanynewfriends,thenlearntheirmodeofthinking.(3)系统的学习知识inthecollegewecanlearnsystemicknowledge.2.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Parentsarethebestteachers.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.参考分析:因观点绝对而不能同意。不是所有的父母都是好老师.最好的老师不仅仅是父母有些父母尽管善良,但对教育孩子一无所知有些父母不配做孩子的老师,对孩子有不良影响2、同意父母是最好的老师.Ihavebeenluckyenoughtohaveaverygoodrelationshipwithmyparents(1)父母从小就和我们在一起,给我们很多的知识givemeanecessarycriticism,taughtussignificantknowledge.Andwealwaystaytogethersinceweweregrownup.(2)父母和我们最为亲密,在任何时候,都会毫无保留地给我们知识(3)父母最了解我们,所以他们给我们的建议和意见都是最有针对性的.Theyrealizeusthemost.Theyoftengivenusarangeofsuggestandopinion.3.Nowadays,foodhasbecomeeasiertoprepare.Hasthischangeimprovedthewaypeoplelive?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.参考分析:总体上,“食物变得越来越容易准备”是一种进步[37],所以自然会带来improvement。使人们的生活方式发生了一些变化:好的:o节省时间,越来越方便,一定程度上把妇女从繁杂的家务中解放了出来savetime.convenience.3也有不好的变化:o准备食物是一种重要的家庭活动,可是食物变得容易准备一定程度上使家人在一起的时间减少了,比如“速冻饺子”[quick-frozendumpling]o快餐业的高速发展的一个直接结果是,人们普遍变胖了,尤其是孩子becamefat.Especiallychildren.相关题目:[13]3、食品容易保存将改变人们的生活习惯.Changepersonlife'shabits.(1)食品容易准备,节省了大量的时间,使人们可以做其他事情(2)食品容易准备,为人们提供了更多的花样。Foodpreparationtodayallowsformorevariety.(3)食品容易准备,为人们的健康带来了很多好处Healthfuleatingisalsoeasierthanevernow.4.Ithasbeensaid,Noteverythingthatislearnediscontainedinbooks.Compareandcontrastknowledgegainedfromexperiencewithknowledgegainedfrombooks.Inyouropinion,whichsourceismoreimportant?Why?参考分析:注意一定要先进行比较.compare,contrast从书本中获取的知识o优点:题材、范围更多.morescope.有更多的深度depth.更加的系统systematicknowledge.o缺点:有时过于教条.Thosecontentissosimplex.也不见得完全准确.Thosenotnicetythatknowledgegainedfrombooks.从经验中获取的知识o优点:获取直接、简单明了.Simpleness,perspicuity.更加地实用morepracticality(domoreharmthangood弊大于利)有些知识无法从书本中获得.Ithinkknowledgegainedfrombooksthatthemostimportantlessonscannotbetaught.o缺点:不系统,很大的随意性.Thecontentisnotsystematic,anditsatwill.4很容易产生片面理解whenyoulearnsomethingfromexperience,andyoucomprehensionareunilateral.不一定要说A比B更重要,或者B比A更重要。也可以选择在不同的情况下,有不同的比较。学习抽象的知识,书本是最好的来源。学习游泳,这只能靠经验。另外,大多数的知识要书本经验相结合才可以。相关题目:[116]有些科目或者知识适合通过实践学习,比如,语言,体育有些科目或者知识适合通过阅读学习,比如,物理、化学、历史、地理有些科目或者知识适合通过与别人交流来学习,比如销售技巧;管理技巧所以不能一概而论(treatdifferentthings/problems/matters]asthesame),要看学什么,以及学习的阶段。4、首先进行比较,然后说书是最重要的来源(1)读书能够节省很多时间(2)书是有系统性的,能够让人以很科学的方式迅速获得知识(3)读书相对比较便宜和容易,而在寻找经验则比较昂贵和困难5.Acompanyhasannouncedthatitwishestobuildalargefactorynearyourcommunity.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthisnewinfluenceonyourcommunity.Doyousupportoropposethefactory?Explainyourposition.参考分析:先讨论“假设工厂真的落成了,而带来的好处和坏处”,而后发表看法。好处:o直接增加了就业机会(到工厂去上班);间接增加了就业机会(会有很多服务业,比如饭店、商店、超市等等跟着开业).ensureourobtainemployment,o如果工厂规模足够大,物流规模也足够大,那么将最终成为交通改善的起点o大的工厂可以缴纳很多税,对地方财政有好处,进而促进社区的繁荣.Thelargerfactorycanpaidmanytaxies,advancedeconomy,increaseplacefinance,etc.坏处:o带来各种污染,比如,噪音、废气、污水等等。Bringaboutarangeofpollution,suchasairpollution,noisepollution,exhaustgas,etc.o工厂不一定会赢利。Thefactorydidnothavetheprofit.相关题目:[16]、[2