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说明文专题训练(2)(2019·东营一中5月模考)Makingfriendscanbeahardtask,anditbecomeshardertodoasonegetsolder.Sadly,peopleoften__1__therealitythatmanyelderlypeoplelivealone,andthatisolation(隔离状态)maybebadfortheir__2__.MarleenBrookswasremindedofthiswhenshecamehometofinda__3__fromher90－year－oldneighbor,whomshe’dneverspokentobefore.Theelderlywomanhadreachedouttoherto__4__thatshewasextremelylonely,askingifthetwoofthemcouldbe__5__.Thenoteread:“Wouldyouconsiderbecomingmyfriend?I’m90yearsold—live__6__.Allmyfriendshavepassedaway.I’msolonesomeandscared.”SowhatdidMarleen,37,donext?Ofcourse,shewentoverand__7__herselftoherelderlyneighbor,Wanda,withcupcakesinhand.“She’ssucha__8__lady!AndshewasoverthemoonwhenIcameover.”Marleensaid.WandatoldMarleenhowhappyshewasto__9__her.“Ihopeyoudidn’tthinkIwasstupidfor__10__toyou,butIhadtodosomething，”WandatoldMarleen.“Thankyousomuchfor__11__.I’velivedherefor50yearsanddon’t__12__anyofmyneighbors.”Wandahasthreesons,andoneofthempassedawayfromcancerlastyear.Theothertwolivefaraway,soshe__13__seesthem.Wandaalsohassomeillnesses.Thelinkbetween__14__andphysicalhealthintheelderlyhasbeen__15__；arecentstudyfoundthatlonelyolderadultswere45percentmorelikelytodiethanthosewhohad__16__withothers.Foryou,itseemslikea(n)__17__thingtostopbyandjustsayhitothat__18__neighbordownthestreet.Butforthem,havingsomeonearoundmakesallthedifferenceintheworld.Therearesomanyothersoutthere__19__Wanda.Maybeyoucould__20__knockingontheirdoor.1.A.reflectB.faceC.overlookD.hate2.A.attentionB.freedomC.healthD.work3.A.noteB.giftC.bookD.cake4.A.denyB.assumeC.questionD.admit5.A.neighborsB.friendsC.volunteersD.doctors6.A.happilyB.abroadC.aloneD.peacefully7.A.adaptedB.addedC.devotedD.introduced8.A.youngB.sweetC.strongD.strange9.A.meetB.helpC.entertainD.approach10.A.listeningB.referringC.belongingD.writing11.A.gettingaroundB.comingoverC.goingbackD.payingup12.A.respectB.rememberC.knowD.find13.A.possiblyB.rarelyC.evenD.just14.A.lonelinessB.tirednessC.excitementD.impatience15.A.importantB.necessaryC.well－preparedD.well－documented16.A.troubleB.comparisonsC.connectionsD.sympathy17.A.smallB.braveC.creativeD.eager18.A.elderlyB.crazyC.humorousD.serious19.A.behindB.throughC.exceptD.like20.A.enjoyB.mindC.considerD.finish答案与解析【语篇大意】本文是夹叙夹议文。有研究表明，老年孤独问题已经影响到了老年人的身体健康。本文介绍了一位90岁的孤独老太太，她主动给30多岁的邻居Marleen写便条，希望能和她成为忘年交。1.答案C解析见下题解析。2.答案C解析由“manyelderlypeoplelivealone”可知，令人难过的是，人们经常“忽视(overlook)”了很多老人在单独生活，而这种孤独的状态可能会对他们的“健康(health)”不利。最后一段中的“physicalhealth”对第2空有提示。3.答案A解析由第二段中的“Thenoteread”可知，MarleenBrooks回家后发现了一张来自一位90岁邻居老太太的“便条(note)”，而她和这个老太太以前从来没有说过话。4.答案D解析见下题解析。5.答案B解析由“shewasextremelylonely”可知，这位老太太联系Marleen，“承认(admit)”自己非常孤独，想知道她们二人能否成为“朋友(friends)”。6.答案C解析由“extremelylonely”可知，90岁的老太太“独自(alone)”生活。7.答案D解析由“wentover”和“withcupcakesinhand”可知，Marleen手里拿着纸杯蛋糕，去拜见老太太，并做了自我“介绍(introduced)”。8.答案B解析由“overthemoon”可知，Marleen认为Wanda是一位“可爱的(sweet)”老太太。overthemoon意为“非常快乐，欣喜若狂”。9.答案A解析由“howhappy”可知，Wanda告诉Marleen，她很高兴“见到(meet)”Marleen。10.答案D解析Wanda希望Marleen不要认为她“写(writing)”便条的行为很傻。11.答案B解析由“shewentover”可知，Wanda感谢Marleen的“来访(comingover)”。12.答案C解析由“Allmyfriendshavepassedaway.I’msolonesomeandscared.”可知，Wanda在这里住了50年，不“认识(know)”任何邻居。13.答案B解析由“Theothertwolivefaraway”可知，Wanda的一个儿子去年死于癌症，另外两个儿子住得很远，所以她“很少(rarely)”见到他们。14.答案A解析见下题解析。15.答案D解析由“arecentstudy”可知，“孤独(loneliness)”与老年人的身体健康之间的联系已经是“证据充足的(well－documented)”。16.答案C解析一项最新的研究发现，与那些同他人有“联系(connections)”的老人相比，孤独老人死亡的可能性要高出45%。17.答案A解析见下题解析。18.答案A解析由“justsayhi”可知，对你来说，停下脚步和某位“年长的(elderly)”邻居打个招呼看起来只是一件“小(small)”事，但对他们而言，有个人在身边给他们的感觉大不一样。19.答案D解析由“somanyothersoutthere”可知，依然有很多“像(like)”Wanda的老人。20.答案C解析由“knockingontheirdoor”可知，你或许可以“考虑(consider)”去敲一下这些老人的门。(2019·漯河一中5月模考)Nowadays,oneofthemostcommonitemsfoundinthehomeisthestickingplaster(创可贴).Protectingacutby__1__theaffectedareawithapieceofmaterialthatstickstotheskinmayseemarather__2__idea,soitisperhapssurprisingtolearnthattheplasterwasnot__3__untilaboutninetyyearsago.ThepersonwhothoughtuptheideawasEarleDickson,a(n)__4__oftheJohnson&Johnsoncompany.__5__thathiswifeJosephinesometimeshad__6__—cuttingorburningherfingersduringdinnerpreparation,heusedpiecesofcottonmaterialplacedinsidestrips(条状物)ofstickytapetocoverher__7__.Thispreventeddirtgettingintothe__8__andprotecteditfromfurtherharmasshedidthe__9__.Also,itwaseasyto__10__byoneself.SowhenDicksonwas__11__andJosephinecutherselfinthekitchen,shecouldtakeherhusband’sinvention,unrollabitandcutitstraightacross,givingherselfaready－madebandage.Dickson’sbosswas__12__，soin1921Johnson&Johnsonputthenewstickingplasterinto__13__underthebrandnameBand－Aid.Salesatfirstwere__14__，butsomebodyatthecompanycameupwitha__15__solution—givingfreeplasterstotheBoyScouts(童子军).Thiscreatedpublicityandfromthenonitbecamea(n)__16__commercially.Finally,Dicksonwas__17__withinthecompany,eventuallybecomingaseniorexecutive(主管)．__18__thebasicdesignofthestickingplasterhasremained__19__totheoriginal,therehavebeenmanydevelopmentsinthematerialsusedanditisnow__20__inavarietyofshapes,sizesandcolours.Totalworldwidesalesarebelievedtohaveexceeded(超过)100billion.1.A.touchingB.exposingC.wi