搜索
1名词复数变化1.一般情况下加smap—maps2.s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-esbus—buses【stomach(胃)---stomachs；epoch(新时期)---epochs】3.以y结尾的名词,变复数时a.以辅音字母+y,变y为i加esbaby—babiesb.专有名词或元音字母+y,直接加stwoMarys,monkeys【Dry禁酒论者---drys,standby后备人员---standbys】4.以o结尾的名词,变复数时a.加s，photo—photosb.加es，Negro,hero,potato,tomato,volcano,tornado,torpedo,veto,mosquito,5.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时a.去f或fe加ves，half—halvesb.加s，gulf/cliff/roof/griefchief/belief/proof/safe+S6.名词复数的不规则变化a.man—menwoman—womenchild—childrenfoot—feettooth—teethgoose—geesemouse—micelouse-liceox-oxenb.anEnglishman—twoEnglishmen.【但German-Germans，human-humans】**c.外来名词：criterion—criteria(标准)；phenomenon—phenomena(现象)；analysis—analyses(分析)；basis—bases（基础）；crisis—crises(危机)；thesis—theses(论文)；bacterium—bacteria(细菌)；Medium–media（媒介物）；7.单复同形名词deer,sheep,fish,shark,giraffe,buffalo,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss,Swedish,Danish,means,series,species,aircraft,staff,li,jin,yuan,twoli,threemu,fourjin除了中国度量衡和货币之外,美元,英镑,法郎等都有复数形式。theEnglish,theChinese,表示国民总称时，谓语用复数。【-ese,-ish结尾的国家人单复同形。】2piecesoffish2fish2fishes2piecesofglass2glasses2pairsofglassespenny（便士）pence(价值)Pennies（个数）8.集体名词A单数类集体名词：意思为复数，但谓语用单数humanity人类clothing衣服glassware玻璃器具machinery机械mankind人类equipment设备jewelry珠宝poetry诗baggage行李furniture家具luggage行李pottery陶器B复数类集体名词：以单数形式出现，但实为复数,谓语用复数。faculty,poultry,folk,people,police等本身就是复数，谓语动词复数。不能说apeople和apolice,但可以说aperson和apoliceman【apeople–twopeoples】C单复同形类集体名词谓语单复数由意思决定army;audience;bacteria;cast;class,committee;community;company;council;crew;data;enemy;family;flock;gang;government;group;herd;jury;media;navy;opposition;police;press;public;staff;team;youth单数：Myfamilyisbigfamily.复数：Hisfamilyareallmusiclovers.9.以s结尾，仍为单数的名词a.maths，politics，physics学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。b.news是不可数名词。c.theUnitedStates，theUnitedNations应视为单数。d.某些疾病mumps腮腺炎measles麻疹e.活动名称billiards/cards/darts10.-表示由两部分构成的东西-以ing结尾的词如：glasses,trousers,clothes,slippers若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair;suit,apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers。谓语单复数取决于数量词pair单复数。belongings;surroundings;doings;earnings;findings;savings;;2-其他复数contents;arms;fireworks;wages;forces;remains;valuables;stairs;sweets11.复合名词的复数a.由man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式前后都变复数Womanteacher—womenteachersb.中间无连字号也没间隔的复合名词变复数，将最后一个名词变复数housewife—housewives;greenhouse—greenhousec.中间有连字符号或间隔的复合名词，将主要的词变成复数passer-by—passers-by;mother-in-law—mothers-in-lawd.复合名词中的单词没有名词时，则在最后一个单词的词尾+sgo-between—go-betweens,has-been—has-beens(过时的人或物)12.用复数的固定词组thanksto;giveregardsto;takepains;withbestwishes;havewordswith;inhighspirits;inalldirections;shakehandswithsb;makepreparationsfor;makefriendswith;congratulations(tosb)on(doing)sth常见的不可数名词有：--物质/材料：air;beancurd;beef;blood;bread;butter;chalk;chicken;chocolate;cloth;coal;coffee;corn;cream;daylight;cotton;dirt;dust;energy;cheese;fibre;fog;food;fruit;flesh;four;glass;gold;grain;grass;hair;honey;iron;kerosene;lightning;meat;milk;money;moustache;mud;music;mutton;hay;oxygen;paper;pork;porridge;powder;rain;ice;rubbish;salt;sauce;silver;steam;steel;storage;sugar;sunrise;sweat;thirst;thunder;water;wheat;wind;wood;wool;soap;vinegar;wine;soup;baggage;clothing;furniture;luggage;jewelry;equipment;electricity;homework;--抽象：time;noise;information;knowledge;progress;trouble;fun;courage;luck；patience；poverty;wealth；traffic；waste；quality;advice;attention;business;citizenship;danger;darkness;death;depth;damage;comfort;education;disappointment;experience(经验);freedom;future,goodness,graduation;grammar;happiness;health;hunger;imagination;importance;justice;kindness;luck;measure;labour;humor;permission;pressure;practice;pleasure;population;sickness;smoking;sorrow;starvation;treatment;truth;use;willingness;wisdom;weather;work;housework;pollution;****【牢记以下纯不可数名词永远不能与不定冠词连用:weather,fun,space(．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．太空．．),advice,word=news,progress,．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．information,news．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．】不可数名词也可以直接加-s等表示复数，但它的意义也有所变化，用来指一些具体的事物。--Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一种食物。(不可数)--Thesecakesaresweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。(可数)--Thisfactoryproducessteel.这个工厂生产钢铁。(不可数)--Weneedvarioussteels.我们需要各种钢材。(可数)--Ourcountryisfamousfortea.我国因茶叶而闻名。(不可数)--Twoteas,please.请来两杯茶。(可数)water(水)-waters(水域)，sea(海)-seas(海域)sand（沙子）-sands（沙漠）wood（木头）-woods（树林）damage（毁坏）-damages（赔偿金）good（好处）-goods（货物）time（时间）-times（时代）custom（风俗）-customs（海关）minute（分钟）-minutes（记录）manner（态度）-manners（礼貌）exercise（锻炼）-exercises（体操、练习）paper（纸）-papers（文件）advice（建议）-advices（通知）force（力量）-forces（军队）return（回来）-returns（统计表）green（绿色）-greens（青菜）light（光）-lights（灯）iron（铁）-irons（熨斗）glass（玻璃）-glasses（玻璃杯）freedom(自由)-fourfreedoms(特指“四大自由”)necessity（必要性）-necessities（生活必需品）modernization(现代化)-thefourmodernizations(特指“四个现代化”)spirit（精神）-inhighspirits（情绪）custom（习俗）-customs（海关）3character（性格）-characters（汉字、符号）experience（经验）-experiences（经历）****修饰可数名词不可数名词的词或短语只修饰可数名词的词或短语：Many；several；few/afew;agreat(good)many;anumberof;alarge(great)numberof;(large/great)numbersof只修饰不可数名词的词或短语：Muchlittleagreatamountofalittleabitofagood(great)dealof修饰可数名词和不可数名词的词或短语：SomeenoughmostalotoflotsofplentyofMuchtoo+adjv.stoomuch+n****可转化为可数名词的抽象名词抽象名词一般为不可数名词，不能和冠词连用，但以下这些抽象名词加a/an表示具体的事物或人honour;death;pleasure;success;failure;comfort;surprise;worry;be