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张庭琛译Spring,theRiver,Flowers,theMoonNight春江潮水连海平，海上明月共潮生。Inspringtheriverswellslevelwithsea,Thebrightmoonrisemountingthetide.滟滟随波千万里，何处春江无月明？Watersflashwithinfinitelight.Whereonthespringriveristherenobrightmoon?江流宛转绕芳甸，月照花林皆似霰。Theriverwindsthroughflowerfragrantfields,Glisteninginthemoonlightlikebeadsofice.空里流霜不觉飞，汀上白沙看不见。Whocanseethefrostalight,Ortelltheisland'swhitesandfromthemoon'swhiteglow?江天一色无纤尘，皎皎空中孤月轮。Thesky,theriver-oneperfecthue.Bright,bright-thesolitarycircleinthesky.江畔何人初见月？江月何年初照人？Whendidthemoonfirstshineonmen?Whofirstsawthemoonfromtheriverside?人生代代无穷已，江月年年只相似。Humanbeings,generationaftergenerationwithoutend,Seethesameriver,thesamemoon:不知江月待何人，但见长江送流水。Doesanyoneknowwhomsheawaits?Weseeonlythelongrivermovingon.白云一片去悠悠，青枫浦上不胜愁。Awispofcloudlingersinthesky谁家今夜扁舟子？何处相思明月楼？Whathouseholdtonighthasawandereradriftuponthetide?Uponwhatlonelywoman'sroofdoesthemoonshine?可怜楼上月徘徊，应照离人妆镜台。Pitiful,thelightplayinguponthehouse,Movingoverthedressingtableofoneleftbehind.玉户帘中卷不去，捣衣砧上拂还来。Impossible,tobrushitoffthewashingblock,orRollingdowntheblinds,tokeepitout.此时相望不相闻，愿逐月华流照君。GreenMaplePond!Sofar!Unbearable!Nowweonlytraceeachother'slikenessinthemoon.IfonlyIcouldstreamdownuponyouinthemoonlight,鸿雁长飞光不度，鱼龙潜跃水成文。OrsendamessagebythefishthatleapingfromthewaterplungestoThedepthorbythewildgoosethatsoaringhighintotheskyremainswithinthebrightness.昨夜闲潭梦落花，可怜春半不还家。LastnightIdreamtofpetalsfallingIntothestillnessofthepond,Apity,halfthespring-passedwithoutyourreturning.江水流春去欲尽，江潭落月复西斜。Spring!Almostexhausted,sweptawaywiththeriver'swaters.Nowdim,hiddeninaseaofrisingmist,斜月沉沉藏海雾，碣石潇湘无限路。Themoonslantswestwardovertheriverandthepond.Endless,theroadfromJieshitotheXiangRiver.不知乘月几人归？落月摇情满江树。Howmanywillreturnbymoonlight?Setting,themoonseemstoshakethefloweringtreesalongtheRiverwithunquietthought.许渊冲译AMoonlitNightontheSpringRiver春江潮水连海平﹐Inspringtheriverrisesashighasthesea,海上明月共潮生。Andwiththeriver'srisethemoonuprisesbright.滟滟随波千万里﹐Shefollowstherollingwavesfortenthousandli,何处春江无月明。Andwheretheriverflowsthereoverflowsherlight.江流宛转绕芳甸﹐Theriverwindsaroundthefragrantisletwhere月照花林皆似霰。Thebloomingflowersinherlightalllooklikesnow.空里流光不觉飞﹐Youcannottellherbeamsfromhoarfrostintheair,汀上白沙看不见。NorfromwhitesanduponthefarewellBeachbelow.江天一色无纤尘﹐Nodusthasstainedthewaterblendingwiththeskies;皎皎空中孤月轮。Alonelywheel-likemoonshinesbriliantfarandwide.江畔何人初见月﹐Whobytheriversidefirstsawthemoonarise?江月何年初照人。Whendidthemoonfirstseeamanbyriverside?人生代代无穷矣﹐Ah,generationshavecomeandpastaway;江月年年只相似。Fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.不知江月待何人﹐Wedonotknowtonightforwhomsheshedsherray,但见长江送流水。Butheartheriversaytoitswateradieu.白云一片去悠悠﹐Away,awayissailingasinglecloudwhite;青枫浦上不胜愁。OnFarewellBeacharepiningawaymaplesgreen.谁家今夜扁舟子﹐Whereisthewanderersailinghisboattonight?何处相思明月楼。Who,piningawayonthemoonlightrailswouldlean?可怜楼上月徘徊﹐Alas!Themoonislingeringoverthetower,应照离人妆镜台。Itshouldhaveseenthedressingtableofthefair.玉户帘中卷不去﹐Sherollsthecurtainupandlightcomesinherbower;捣衣砧上复还来。Shewashesbutcan'twashawaythemoonbeamsthere.此时相望不相闻﹐Sheseesthemoon,butherbelovedisoutofsight;愿逐月华流照君。She'dfollowittoshineonherbelovedone'sface.鸿燕长飞光不渡﹐Butmessagebearingswanscan'tflyoutofmoonlight,鱼龙潜跃水成纹。Norletter-sendingfishcanleapoutoftheirplace.昨夜闲潭梦落花﹐Lastnighthedreamedthatfallingflowerswouldnotstay,可怜春半不还家。Alas!Hecan'tgohomealthoughhalfspringhasgone.江水流春去欲尽﹐Therunningwaterbearingspringwillpassaway;江潭落月复西斜。Themoondeclingingoverthepoolwillsinkanon.斜月沉沉藏海雾﹐Themoondecliningsinksintoaheavymid;碣石潇湘无限路。It'salongwaybetweenSouthRiverandEastSea.不知乘月几人归﹐Howmanycangohomebymoonlightwhoaremissed?落月摇情满江树。Thesinkingmoonshedsyearningo'erriversidetree.*******************************************许渊冲教授英译《春江花月夜》研读与详析张若虚《春江花月夜》这首诗，几年前我泛读过许老的英语译文。这是许老自己十分欣赏与重视的译品，多次放置在序言的位置，并附有一位世界名人的赞许。包括2008年出版的《续忆似水年华》（是长江文艺出版社出版的那本，不是半年后三联书店出的那本），也是这样安排的。最近我研读了许老的韵文英译。同时还读到许老全文引用的CharblesBudd1912年的译品。CharblesBudd也是主张自然押韵的，因为译文只有少数几行在末尾“押韵”（即同音节）；可能是由于外国人理解原文的难度问题，个别地方似乎未必切合原文；但从英语的通顺与地道来说，显然非我们中国翻译家可比。现在分节逐句地研读分析许老的译文，难免不妥与错误，请予批评指正。春江花月夜张若虚春江潮水连海平﹐海上明月共潮生。滟滟随波千万里﹐何处春江无月明。AMoonlitNightontheSpringRiverByzhangRuoxuInspringtheriverrisesashighasthesea,Andwiththeriver'srisethemoonuprisesbright.Shefollowstherollingwavesfortenthousandli,Andwheretheriverflowsthereoverflowsherlight.“何处春江无月明”意译出“春江在哪里流，哪里就流淌或溢出月光。”rise在第一行是动词，在第二行是名词；uprisevi.通常表示起床、起身；起义、暴动；诗里可以表示日月的“升起”，但themoonuprisesbright.加用bright，是为了跟light押韵。江流宛转绕芳甸﹐月照花林皆似霰。空里流光不觉飞﹐汀上白沙看不见。TheriverwindsaroundthefragrantisletwhereThebloomingflowersinherlightalllooklikesnow.Youcannottellherbeamsfromhoarfrostintheair,NorfromwhitesanduponthefarewellBeachbelow.这一段是意译；wind是动词，在主句中作谓语，表示“蜿蜒绕行”。“月照花林皆似霰”译成从句（where）Thebloomingflowersinherlightalllooklikesnow.“霰”意译成snow“雪”，跟below押韵；但这里用thefarewellBeachbelow翻译，不知根据什么？合适吗？而且，thefarewellBeach还是像下文那样写成FarewellBeach？另外，这里写hoarfrost，用英语写的Commentary里，却用hoaryfrost；看来译者本人对自己的英语也像是犹豫不决，举棋不定。江天一色无纤尘﹐皎皎空中孤月轮。江畔何人初见月﹐江月何年初照人。Nodusthasstainedthewaterblendingwiththeskies;Alonelywheel-likemoonshinesbriliantfarandwide.Whobytheriversidefirstsawthemoonarise?Whendidthemoonfirstseeaman