多功能自动跑步机机械结构设计

多功能自动跑步机机械结构设计摘要跑步机是家庭及健身房常备的器材，而且是当今家庭健身器材中最简单的一种，是家庭健身器的最佳选择。专家们相信未来跑步机市场将以高价位产品为主导。低价位产品销售也不错，近几年价格已有上升趋势。注重生活时尚的消费者认为跑步机价格在上千元以上是理所当然的事。种种迹象表明未来，跑步机的需求还会持续的增长，特别是针对一些新兴功能的跑步机。本文是用通过SOLIDWORKS三维软件进行设计的，主要包括自动跑步机的机械设计、样式设计及功能设计，最后对该多功能跑步机的保养及使用。设计内容主要包含电机的设计、传动装置的设计、外部框架的设计、滚筒的设计、跑步带的设计、减震的设计，材料及结构的设计等，本文设计中参考了国内外各品牌结构和样式，对一些参数进行一些设计、计算及设定，同时还考虑到如何设计才更为人性化，使得多功能跑步机的性能及作用扩大化。关键词：跑步机机械结构多功能AbstractTreadmillsarestandingfamiliesandgymequipment,andistodaythehomefitnessequipmentisthemostsimpleone,isthebestchoiceforfamilyfitness.Expertsbelievethatthefuturemarketwillbehigh-pricedtreadmillsproductoriented.Low-costproductsalesaregood,thepricehasbeenrisinginrecentyears.Focusonlifestyleofconsumersbelievethatthepriceofathousanddollarsatreadmillthanamatterofcourse.Thereareindicationsthatthefutureneedsofthetreadmillwillcontinuetogrow,especiallyforsomeofthenewfeaturesofthetreadmill.Thisiscarriedoutthroughathree-dimensionalsoftwareSOLIDWORKSdesign,includingautomatictreadmillmechanicaldesign,style,designandfunctionanddesign,andfinallythemulti-functiontreadmillmaintenanceanduse.Designcontentmainlyincludesmotordesign,geardesign,exteriordesignoftheframework,drumdesign,runningbeltdesign,shockabsorptiondesign,materialandstructuraldesign,thisreferencedesignthestructureandthebrandathomeandabroadstyle,forsomesomedesignparameters,calculationandsetting,butalsoconsiderhowtodesignitmorehumane,makingmulti-functiontreadmillperformanceandexpansion.Keywords:mechanicalstructureofmultifunctionCapitalmarket摘要······················································································IAbstract················································································II引言·····················································································11跑步机的设计思路·······························································21．1该跑步机要实现的功能·················································21．2该跑步机的机械设计原理··············································32跑步机传动机械的设计·························································42．1电机的选择与设计·······················································52．2传动装置的设计··························································73跑步机整体样式的设计·························································83．1外部框架的设计·························································103．2滚筒的设计·······························································113．3跑步带的设计····························································123．4减震的设计·······························································134跑步机的多功能设计···························································144．1材料的选择与处理······················································144．2结构的设计与处理······················································155该多功能跑步机的保养及使用···············································165．1日常维护与保养·························································165．2使用方法··································································165．3注意事项··································································17结束语·················································································18致谢····················································································19参考文献··············································································201引言跑步是目前国际流行并被医学界和体育界给予高度评价的有氧健身运动，是保持一个人身心健康最有效、最科学的健身方式，也越来越受到大家喜爱。户外长跑曾经是大众最喜闻乐见的运动形式，沿着林荫道呼吸着早晨清新的空气，听着枝头的鸟鸣，既能愉悦身心，又可锻炼体魄。只是随着都市的大气变得污浊，生活节奏变得紧张，户外长跑变得不那么流行了，而跑步机则成了时下健身最热门的健身器械。跑步机不仅可以让我们免受汽车尾气之苦，也使我们可以选择自己方便的时间随时锻炼。自动跑步机，又名电动跑台，是多年来国际流行的大众健身器材，通过电机带动跑带使人以不同的速度被动地跑步或走动。由于自动跑步机上的电子辅助装备功能非常多，锻炼者可体验不同的跑步环境，如平地跑、上坡跑、丘陵跑、变速跑等，个人可以根据自己的锻炼目的进行锻炼。跑步机在健身者运动时能显示出跑步时的速度、时间、心率、热量、节拍、距离等指标，使健身者能够随时根据自身的身体状况调节训练强度。跑步机双面宽厚的跑带带给您草地般舒适感觉，马力强劲的电机带给您澎湃恒久的动力，灵敏的控制器配合芯片使您在跑步过程中随心所欲，坚固的钢架以及防爆冲装置使您的安全尽在掌握。电跑使您在繁忙的工作之余仍然可以尽享运动的乐趣。21跑步机的设计思路1.1该跑步机要实现的功能跑步机的基本功能就是构建一条运动的跑道（跑步带），跑道的运动方向与运动者的跑动方向相反，但速度必须自动保持一致，这样就使得运动者能够在原地进行跑步锻炼了。实现跑步机的功能，对跑步带的驱动与速度控制：通常使用直流电动机驱动，直流电动机通过半导体功率器件，使用脉冲宽度控制（PWM）方式实现调速。1.2该跑步机的机械设计原理多功能自动跑步机主要由机架、电动机、可调电源、跑步皮带及仪表控制盘组成，其特征在于框架与支架垂直连接，前轴与后轴分别装在框架的两端，前滚筒与后滚筒分别用轴承套装在前后轴上，跑步皮带张紧绕装在前后滚筒上，跑步皮带下装有支撑跑步板，从动皮带轮紧装在前滚筒的一端，电动机、可调电源，安装在框架的前端，控制传感器装在电动机上，速度传感器安装在紧靠在从动皮带轮的框架上，皮带调节螺栓一端连接在电动机外壳的孔板上，另一端连接在焊接于框架前端的孔板上，跑步机扶手架安装于支架的顶端，仪表控制盘安装于扶手架上。传动方式采用带传动机构，传动级为一级。同时在支架上安有扭腰盘和伏地挺身架使机器实现其多功能性。表1.2-1跑步机的外形图目前市场上比较常见的有传统跑步机和自动跑步机两种。传统跑步机，俗称”3被动式跑步机”。是我国上世纪80年代从国外引进健身观念时、为适应当时国情而开发的具有”中国特色”的过渡产物。它的动力来源是使用者通过自身臂部、膝部、踝关节的活动，推动跑步机而产生的运动。速度由运动者自己控制。这种运动方式，表面上看起来似乎能消耗更多的能量，但其造成的运动伤害也要比在大自然中跑步高出数倍。据北医三院运动医学专家林共周博士解释：在马路上跑步，每跑1000米，每只脚就得撞击地面约1000次左右。而在传统跑步机上跑步，人体除自身重量产生的震荡外，脚踝、膝部和臀部的肌肉，特别是肌腱，还要额外承担向后的扭力来确保跑带向后运动。由于扭力过度集中在韧带、关节等几个关键受力部位，更容易使受力部位肌腱组织产生慢性疲劳，造成损伤。很多传统跑步机使用者，发现自己越是认真锻炼，腿部就越跑越粗，关节也越练越没有力气。传统跑步机并不适合患有脊椎软骨突出、膝关节炎、踝关节扭伤、骨肌腱炎、以及足底筋膜炎的人，因为长期的跑步可能会加重慢性扭伤的情形或加速膝关节的老化。自动跑步机是健身房及家庭较高档的器材，这种跑步机能减轻传统训练对关节的冲击，避免运动受伤，比自然跑步有明显的优势。跑步时后脚跟先着地，顺着跑带方向运动。手脚模仿跑步的动作，前后挥动，从而使全身肌肉得到均衡的锻炼。由于跑带的运动方向与脚步移动的方向一致，韧带部位的扭力就抵消了，跑起来非常舒适。康复者、儿童、老年人也可以保持身体平衡，从而集中精力安心锻炼。如果增加运动量，可以加快舞动手脚的速度。用自动跑步机能消除关节的负载，不但能减肥健身，还有益于受伤后身体的恢复。它通过电机带动跑带使人以不同的速度被动地跑步或走动。由于