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IELTSWritingTableIELTS4Test1ThetablegivesabreakdownofdifferenttypesoffamilywhowerelivinginpovertyinAustraliain1999.Onaverage,11%ofallhouseholds,comprisingalmosttwomillionpeople,wereinthisposition.However,thoseconsistingofonlyoneparentorjustasingleadulthadalmostdoublethisproportionofpoorpeople,with21%and19%respectively.Couplesgenerallytendedtobebetteroff,withlowerpovertylevelsforcoupleswithoutchildren(7%)thanthosewithchildren(12%).Itisnoticeablethatforbothtypesofhouseholdwithchildren,ahigherthanaverageproportionwerelivinginpovertyatthattime.Elderlypeopleweregenerallylesslikelytobepoor,thoughonceagainthetrendfavoredelderlycouples(only4%)ratherthansingleelderlypeople(6%).Overallthetablesuggeststhathouseholdsofsingleadults,eitherwithorwithoutchildren,weremorelikelytobelivinginpovertythantheircounterpartsconsistingcouples.2020/5/22Radio,TVandBooksInthisessay,Iwillbrieflycomparethemainadvantagesanddisadvantagesofradio,TVandbooksasmediaofcommunicatinginformation.Themajoradvantageofradioisitsprice.RadiosaremuchcheaperthanTVsetsandevencheaperthansomebooksnowadays.Besides,theequipmentrequiredformakingradioprogramsarealsomuchcheaperthanthoserequiredformakingTVprograms.Thismakesradioparticularlyusefulinpoorareasoftheworld,whereaccesstoinformationisneededbuttheresourcesarequitelimited.Themaindisadvantageofradioisthatitcanonlytransmitsound,nopicturesorvideos.TVhastheadvantageofbeingabletoprovidemultimediainformation,whichcanincludetext,sound,picturesandevenvideos.Thismeansthattheviewerscanseehowthingsaredone,ratherthanrelyontheaudioinstructionswhicharemorelikelytobeunclear.However,asmentionedabove,TVsetsaremuchmoreexpensivethanradiosandbooks.Besides,theyalsotakeupalotofspace,somostpeoplejustwatchTVathome.Booksseemtobegenerallybetterforprovidinginformationinmoredetailonsubjects.ThiscanmakethembetterthanTVorradioprogramswhichtendtojustprovidetheessentialinformationwithinashortperiodoftime.Itisalsomoreconvenienttorefertoinformationwithbooks,becauseyouconsultthemwheneveryouwantifyouhavethemathand.Themaindisadvantageofbooksisthattheycanonlyprovidevisualinformation,withnosoundandvideos.Besides,italsotakesamuchlongertimeforthemtogetupdated.Tosummarize,eachofthesethreemediahasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Formeasagraduatestudent,thebestandmosteffectivemediumisbooks.However,inrealty,whenwetrytogetsomeinformation,weshouldcombinethesemediatogether,ratherthanjustrelyononesinglemedium.2020/5/23GraphandPieChartThelinechartshowsthedemandforelectricityinEnglandontypicalsummerandwinterdays,whilstthepiecharttellsushowtheelectricityisusedinacommonEnglishhome.Inwinter,electricitydemandrisesfromabout34,000unitsatmidnightto39,000unitsjustbefore3a.m.Thendemanddeclinestoabout31,000unitsatabout7:30a.m.,beforerisingbackto39,000unitsatabout1p.m.Thereafter,demandincreasesmoreslowlyto41,000unitsat8:00p.m.,beforesurgetoabout44,000unitsatabout10:30p.m.Thendemandfallsquicklyagain.Insummer,electricitydemandisabout18,000unitsatmidnight.Thisfallsslowlyto13,000unitsat9:00a.m.Thenitrisesto20,000unitsatabout2:30p.m.andfallssharplybackto16,000overthenexthour.Thereafter,demandincreasesalittleto16,000unitsat9:30p.m.,beforeasharprise19,000unitsat11:00p.m.Afterwards,itincreasesagain.JustoverhalfoftheelectricityconsumedinatypicalEnglishhomeisusedforheatingroomsandwater.Therestisfairlyevenlydividedamongovens,kettlesandwashingmachines(17.5%),lighting,TVandradios(15%)andvacuumcleaners,foodmixersandelectrictools(15%).ElectricityisthereforeusedforavarietyofpurposesandwecanseethatusageishigherinwinterthaninsummerinEngland.Peakuseisinthelateeveninginwinterandearlyafternooninsummer.2020/5/24HappinessAsweallknow,happinessisveryimportantinourlives.Ifyoufeelhappyaboutyourstudyorwork,youwillfeelenergeticandyouwillgettheincentivetoworkharder.Ifyoufeelhappywithyourfamilyandfriends,youwillbenicetothemandyoucangetalongwellwitheachother.Butwhatishappinessandhowshoulditbedefined?Thisisnotaneasyquestionbecauseeveryonemayhaveitsownstandard.Ithinkitisclosedrelatedtothecontentfeelingsofaperson.Apersonwhoiseasytofeelcontentisreadytobehappy.However,apersonwhoisgreedymayneverfeelhappybecausehecanneverhaveenough.Theystruggleeverydayanddon’tknowwheretostop.Forusordinarypeople,weshouldregulateouropinionsaboutlifeinordertoachievehappiness.Firstly,ofcourse,weshouldworkhardbecauseyourachievementisproportionaltoyourefforts.Andwewillreapthehappinesswhenweachieveourgoalsthroughhardworking.Secondly,weshouldsetsomepracticalaimswhichcanbeachievedwithourownhardwork.Theaimsshouldalsobestepbystepsothatyoucanseetheperspectiveofeveryprocess.Lastbutnotleast,weshouldnotbegreedy,instead,weshouldlearntobecontent.Wejustreapwhatwesowandthat’senough.Envywilljustmakeyoureyesgreenandmakeyoufeeluncomfortable.Inaword,feelinghappinessisahealthymentalstatewhichisessentialtoeveryone.Weshouldtryliveinhappinessforthesakeofourselvesandthepeoplearoundus.2020/5/25HappinessHappinessisverydifficulttodefine,becauseitmeanssomanydifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Somelinkhappinesstowealthandmaterialfortune,whileothersthinkitliesin