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虚拟语气知识网络(见书P227)注：虚拟条件句与主语的谓语动词——与现在事实或将来可能的事实相反，从句用一般过去式(be用were；与将来可能事实相反时还可用wereto/should+动词原形)，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用would/should/could/mighthave+过去分词。熟读深思Mydeskmate,Mary,treatsmeasifshewere［1］mysister.Sheisnicebutfat.Ifshewerenotsofat,shewouldlook［2］likeasupermodel.Lastyear,adoctoradvisedthatshe(should)eat［3］morevegetablesandfruits.Healsomadeasuggestionthatshe(should)workout［4］regularly.Besides,heinsistedthatshe(should)walk［5］toschool.Ifshehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,shewouldnotbesofatnow［6］.Inotherwords,ifthedoctorhadpersuadedhertodoso,shewouldnothavebecome［7］overweight.Thismorning,Mary’smotherboughtheranewdress.Itwasreallynice.Butaftershetriediton,shecouldn’thelpshouting,“IfonlyIwere［8］alittlethinner!HowIwishIhadn’teaten［9］somuchjunkfoodbefore!”WereIMary,Iwouldmake［10］aweightlossplan.IfIbecameoverweightinthefuture,Iwoulddo［11］sportseveryday.Nowitishightimeshechanged［12］herlifestyle.Withoutahealthylifestyle,shewouldn’tbe［13］abletoloseweight.Iwouldrathershewent［14］swimmingwithme,butsheinsiststhatwatersportsare［15］notsuitableforher.Soitisnecessarythatshe(should)walk［16］toschool.汉语译文：我的同桌玛丽对我像亲姐妹一样。她人长得漂亮，就是有点胖。要不然，她就是一个超级模特了。去年，医生建议她多吃蔬菜和水果。医生同时建议她要经常锻炼，并坚持让她步行上学。如果她当时听了医生的建议，现在也不至于这么胖了。也就是说，假如医生说服了她减肥，她就不会太胖。今天上午，玛丽的妈妈给她买了一条新裙子。那裙子真是漂亮。可是，玛丽试穿后，忍不住叫了起来：“我多希望我瘦一点点啊！要是当初我没有吃那么多的垃圾食品该多好啊！”如果我是玛丽，我会制定一个减肥计划。要是将来我发胖了，我一定会每天做运动。现在，该是玛丽改变她的生活方式的时候了。没有健康的生活方式，她是不可能成功减肥的。我倒是宁愿她和我一起去游泳。可是她坚持认为水上运动不适合她。因此，她有必要步行上学了。熟读深思1.在asif/asthough,evenif/eventhough引导的状语从句或表语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。2.表示与现在事实相反的假设，if从句的谓语动词用一般过去式，(be一般用were)，主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形。3.～5.在insist,suggest,advise,order,command,propose,demand,require,request等后面的宾语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，其中的should可以省略。在suggestion,advice,order,command,demand,requirement,request等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，其中的should可以省略。6.错综条件句：有时if从句中的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据他们表示的时间加以调整。本句的虚拟条件句与过去7.表示与过去事实相反的假设，if从句的谓语形式用过去完成时，即“had＋过去分词”，主句用“would/should/could/might+have+过去分词”。8～9.在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句和Ifonly（但愿）引出的句子中,需用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，从句或ifonly后的句子的谓语动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句或ifonly10.如果if从句中含有were,had或should,可将if省略，然后将were,had或should提前至主语前。11.表示与将来事实相反的假设，if从句的谓语形式用一般过去式，或用“wereto/should+动词原形”，主句用“would/should/could/might+12.在Itis(high)timethat后的从句中，谓语动词用“should(不能省略)+动词原形”或一般过去13.含蓄条件从句：用连词otherwise,or，but或用介词butfor,without等暗示前面的条件。与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。其中介词butfor,without表示的虚拟语气，可和if引导的假设14.would(had)rather,wouldsooner用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过15.动词insist表“坚持认为，坚持说,坚持某种说法”；suggest表“暗示，表明”时，后面从16.在itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,surprising)that引导的主语从句中，主语从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”。倒装与高考1.我们在做语法填空题时，一旦判断所给动词在句中作为谓语后，就考虑其时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等。2.短文改错中，可能出现动词形式的错误。1.IfI_____(be)you,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.1.与现在事实相反。2.Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,you_________(be)finenow.2.与现在事实相反。werewouldbe一、单句填空灵活运用3.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe________________(score)agoal.3.与过去事实相反。4.IfI____(have)amilliondollars,Iwouldfirstdonatesomeofthemoneytopoorchildreninremotemountainousareas.4.与现在事实相反。wouldhavescoredhad5.Thedoctororderedthatshe________(stay)inbedforafewdays.(should)stay6.Itisveryimportantthatyou_____________(master)theskillsofcomputer.7.Englishteachersgiveadvicethatwe____________(make)gooduseofeverychancetospeakEnglish.(should)make(should)master8.Itishightimethatwe_______________(take)somemeasurestoprotectthewildanimals.took/shouldtake9.HowIwisheveryfamily____(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden！had10.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe___(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe___________(have)amedicalexamination.shouldhavewas二、语篇填空TomandPeteraretwins.Theylookasifthey1_____(be)thesameperson.Boththetwoboysaresmart,butTomishard-workingwhilePeterislazy.Tomalwayswinsthefirstplaceintheexams,whichsuggeststhathe2___(be)hard-working.Petercoulddobetter,3____hedoesn’twanttoworkhard.PeoplebelieveifPeter4_______(work)ashardasTom,hewoulddoaswellashisbrotherinhisstudy.wereisbutworkedAthome,theirparentsmakeasuggestionthatthey5________(do)thedishesinturnandinsistthatthey6____________(finish)theirhomeworkbeforeplayingcomputergames.ButPeterinsiststhatit7___(be)alsoOKtoplaygamesfirstaslongashecanhandinhishomeworkintime.Theirmothergivesinintheend.Oneday,whendoinghishomework,Tomfoundhemadeaseriousmistake.So,heputtheexercise-bookasideandusedanotherone.shoulddoshouldfinishisWhenPeterfoundthepreviousexercise-book,hestruckoutTom’snameandsignedhisnameonitscoverhappily,andhandeditinashisownhomeworkthenextday.Whentheteachertoldthetruthtothetwins’Mother,shekeptsilentfirstbutherexpressionsuggestedthatshe8______(be)angry.Later,sheshoutedatPeter:“HowIwishyou9______(be)asdiligentasyourbrother!Nowit’stimethatI10_____(give)youagoodlesson.wasweregaveAndIinsistthatyou11________________(notplay)anycomputergamesforawholemonthtoo.RemembertodoasIaskyouto,12___________,youwouldbeforbiddentotouchthecomputerforayear!”“Oh,no!Mom.13_______computerforsuchalongtime,Iwoulddie.Iwouldratheryou14_______(ask)metodothedishe