Fighting-with-the-forces-of-nature

UnitOneFightingwiththeforcesofnaturePre-ReadingtaskI.Pre-Reading:Look&SayNaturaldisasters•Hurricane•Flood•Snowstorm•VolcanicEruption•Drought•Mud-rockflow•“Mencanconquernature”(人定胜天),doyouagreeornot?•Groupone:listtheexamplestoillustratemencanconquernature•Grouptwo:listtheoppositeexamplestoprovemencan’tconquernatureI.Pre-Reading:DiscussionManornature,whichismorepowerful?Manornature,whichismorepowerful?Nature,tobecommanded,mustbeobeyed.—FrancisBaconAccusenotNature,shehathdoneherpart;Dothoubutthine.—JohnMiltonI.Pre-Reading:DiscussionConclusion:Menhaveneverbeenabletoconquernature.Manchangesnatureinordertolive.However,manmustalsobecarefulnottodisregardthelawsofnature.WhenCharlesXII,NapoleonandHitlerfinallyrealizedtheirarrogance,itwasalreadytoolate.I.Pre-Reading:DiscussionHowisRussianwinter?“raw,bitter,bleak”,severe,cruel,brutal…1.Listeningcheckinglink,burnttheircropsandvillages,exaggeratethesignificance,attheendoftheirresourcesI.Pre-Reading:ListeningandBackgroundInformationBackgroundNapoleonBonaparte(1769−1821)EmperoroftheFrench,whoconsolidatedandinstitutionalizedmanyreformsoftheFrenchRevolution.Oneofthegreatestmilitarycommandersofalltime,heconqueredthelargerpartofEurope.TheBattleofWaterlooisthefinalanddecisiveactionoftheNapoleonicWars.AfterthathewassenttotheislandofSt.HelenainthesouthAtlantic,wherehediedin1821.DiscussionTranslatethefollowingNapoleon’squotationsanddiscusshischaracterswithyourpartner.EveryFrenchsoldiercarriesamarshal'sbatoninhisknapsackThemanwhohasmadeuphismindtowinwillneversay“impossible”.IsucceededbecauseIwilledit;Ineverhesitated.Toreallyunderstandamanwemustjudgehiminmisfortune.Hewhofearsbeingconqueredissureofdefeat.凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能的”。我成功是因为我有决心，从不踌躇。要真正了解一个人，需在不幸中考察他。怕吃败仗的人必然要打败仗。Ifyouwagewar,doitenergeticallyandwithseverity.Thisistheonlywaytomakeitshorter,andconsequentlylessinhuman.Thereisamomentineverybattleatwhichtheleastmaneuverisdecisiveandgivessuperiorityasonedropofwatercausesoverflow.如果打仗，就要毫不留情地全力去打。这是缩短战争的唯一方法，因而也可以减少战争的残酷。在每一场战争中，都有那么一刻，运用一点策略就是决定性的并带来优势，正如加一滴水就可以促成溢流一般。AdolfHitlerGermanpoliticalandmilitaryleaderandoneofthe20thcentury’smostpowerfuldictators.HeconvertedGermanyintomilitarizedsocietyandlaunchedWorldWarTwo.HebuilttheNaziPartyintoamassmovement.Hehopedtoconquertheentireworld,andforatimedominatedmostofEuropeandmuchofNorthAfrica.HeusedcruelmeasurestoenforcehisideaofracialpurityamongtheGermanpeopleandslaughteredmillionsofJews,SintiandRoma(Gypsies),Slavicpeoples,andmanyothers,allofwhomheconsideredinferior.Naziparty;racialpurity;slaughter;ConcentrationCamp…“Pridecomesbeforeafall.”stand/get/beintheway:preventfromdoingsth.我认为孩子们没有我们以前得到的乐趣多。激烈的竞争阻碍了他们的发展。Idon’tthinkkidshaveasmuchfunasweusedto.Fiercecompetitionkeepsgettinginthewayoftheirdevelopment.TextStructurePartLines1243Introduction--BothNapoleon’sandHitler’smilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter.Napoleon’smilitarycampaignagainstRussia.Hitler’smilitarycampaignagainsttheSovietUnion.Conclusion--Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.MainIdeas1~1213~62114~11763~113PartOne:What’stheresultsofNapoleon’scampaignandHitler’sinvasion?ButhewasnotpreparedforthedevastatingenemythatmethiminMoscow--theraw,bitter,bleakRussianwinter.但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌——俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。Hitlerexpectedashortcampaignbut,likeNapoleonbeforehim,wastaughtapainfullesson.TheRussianwinteragaincametotheaidoftheSovietsoldiers.希特勒希望速战速决，但是，就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，他得到的是痛苦的教训。俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。LanguageStudy1.raw:adj.coldandwet;notcooked,refined,processed,organizedoranalyzedTheeventtookplaceonarawFebruarymorning.Thiscuttingboardisonlyusedtocutrawmeat.Rawmaterialsarethenaturalsubstancesfromwhichindustrialproductsaremade.•3.campaign:n.aseriesofmilitaryoperationsorplannedactivitieswithaparticularaim•Thegovernmentislaunchingamassivecampaignagainstcorruption.2.launchanattack发动进攻launchamassivecampaign发动一场大规模的运动launchacompany开一家公司launchthreatsatsb.向某人发出威胁PartFour:Conclusion•Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.•1.reckon:v.count;consider;think•TheexistenceoftheU.S.isreckonedfromtheDeclarationofIndependence.•bereckonedwith：betakenintoconsideration•Alltheseproblemshadtobereckonedwithastheyarose.LanguageStudy•2.toll:n.•1)thenumberofpeopleoranimalskilledorinjuredinparticularcircumstances•Thedeathtollrosefrom270in1952to5,000in1954.•2)moneypaidfortheuseofabridge,road,etc.•Eachcarmustpayatolltocrossthebridge.takeaheavytoll造成重大伤亡（或损失）takea/itstoll造成损失（或危害、伤亡等）Theearthquaketookaheavytollonseveralvillages.这次地震给几个村庄造成重大损失。Thefloodtookatollof3,000,000lives.洪水造成三百万人死亡。BR_MapReadingMapReadingReadthefollowingmapsandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Napoleon’sRussianCampaign,18121)Findthefollowingplacenames:Moscow,Borodino,andNemanRiver.2)WhathappenedinBorodino?Clickheretoseethemap!2Hitler’sRussianCampaign,1941~19441)WhendidtheHitler’sRussianCampaignhappen?2)HowlongwasLeningradbeingbesieged?Clickheretoseethemap!PartTwo&Three:TextAnalysisBR_4_2Napoleon’sRussianCampaign1)Findthefollowingplacenames:Moscow,Borodino,andNemanRiver.2)Whathappenedin