23320028 ACTAARMAMENTARII Vol.23No.3Aug. 2002两种机载雷达的地杂波模型与仿真方法*苏卫民 孙泓波 顾红 刘国岁(,,210094) 本文讨论了机载雷达的地杂波模型及其仿真问题。首先分析了机载雷达回波中地面杂波的多普勒特性和散射特性,然后在R.Klemm杂波模型的基础上,以空时二维功率谱的形式讨论了机载预警雷达和机载合成孔径雷达各自的地杂波能量分布特点,并且给出了地杂波在这两种情况下的简化信号模型及其仿真方法,具有简便性和实用性。最后,利用某项目试验数据和某型机载试验雷达的实测数据对这两种模型进行了检验,结果证明了该模型的合理性。 机载预警雷达;机载合成孔径雷达;地杂波 TN957 [1,2]。,。,,,,[3]。,R.Klemm[4],。,。,。1 。1.1。Ay,v,θ,φ,P,PR,3dBβ,λ.P1.1 Fig.1.1 Geometryofairbornesingle-antennaradarandgroundclutterR,fd0=2vλcosθcosφ(1.1),R,“”。,,。β,ΔfdΔfd=2vλcosθ-β2cosφ-2vλcosθ+β2cosφ≈2vλβsinθcosφ(1.2) 20019,20027。 *(No00JS012.2BQ02)(1.1)(1.2),θ=90°,,fd0,Δfd;,,,fr,。。,,。,,。,。,。,,,。2 ,2.1,。,,,,。,θφ,α,tuX(u,t)=∫π0G(θ,φ)·A(θ)exp[jB(θ)]·exp{j[ΔΥ(u,θ,φ)+2πfd(θ,φ)·t]}dθ(2.1)R.Klemm[4],。G(θ,φ),u,A(θ),,Β(θ),0~2π,A(θ)exp[jB(θ)]。(2.1)exp(·)ΔΥ(u,θ,φ)=2πλucosθcosφ,,fd(θ,φ)=2vλcos(θ+α)cosφ,θ、φ。,:(1)(CPI);(2)。2.1 Fig.2.1 Geometryofairbornephased-arrayradarandgroundclutter,,,—。N,CPIM,K、LXK,L,X=[X1,1,2,1,…,XN,1,X1,2,X2,2,…,XN,2,…,XN,2,…,XN,M]T,R=E[XXT]。d=λ/2,Tr,fd,a=[1,exp(jπcosθ),exp(j2πcosθ),…,exp(j(N-1)πcosθ)]T,b=[1,exp(jπfdTr),exp(j4πfdTr),…,exp(j(M-1)2πfdTr)]T,sabKronecker,s=ab.R[θ,fd][0,π]×[-fr/2,fr/2]P(cosθ,2fd/fr)=1sR-1sH(2.2)(2.1)(2.2),(α=0)(α=π/6),2.23253 2.3,,14,16,97m/s,0.69m,625Hz.,,,—,。,α,,(2.4),[5] x=4πvλcos(θ+α)cosφy=2πλcosθcosφ θ∈[0,π)(2.3)2.2 (α=0)Fig.2.2 Simulatedclutterspectrum(α=0)2.3 (α=π/6)Fig.2.3 Simulatedclutterspectrum(α=π/6)2.4 Fig.2.4 Clutterellipse3 ,,、,,,1.1。2.1,1。(2.1)ΔΥ(u,θ,φ)=0,X(t)=∫π0G(θ,φ)·A(θ)exp(JB(θ))·exp(j2πfd(θ,φ)·t)dθ(3.1)fd(θ,φ)=2vλcosθcosφ,(2.1)。(3.1),φ,—,2.2。G(θ)。,。,,,,。,,,。,,—,,3.1。2.2,125Hz.,,,Δfd.3.1 Fig.3.1 Simulatedclutterspectrum326 兵 工 学 报 23,fr≥2Δfd.4 。4.1。表4.1 某项目试验参数Tab.4.1 Experimentalparametersinacertainproject32°0°1416λ=0.6896mλ/2=0.3448mmv=97m/s625Hz105°α=15° ,,4.14.2,。4.1 Fig.4.1 Simulatedclutterspectrum4.2 Fig.4.2 Realclutterspectrum,,fd0fr,,。(3.1),,。,4.2。表4.2 某型机载雷达试验参数Tab.4.2 Experimentalparametersofanairborneradar47°3.22°150m255λ=0.03m32v=120m/sfr=2Δfd,(1.2)3.6°40km 4.3()。,。,,255,4.4。4.3 Fig.4.3 Simulatedclutterspectrum4.4 Fig.4.4 Realclutteraveragespectrum3273 ,。5 R.Klemm,,。,。1 SkolnikM.RadarHandbook.Secondedition.NewYork:Mc-Graw-hill,1990.16.1~16.292 DickeyFR,LabittM,StaudaherFM.Developmentofairbornemovingtargetradarforlongrangesurveillance.IEEETransonAES,1991,27(6):959~9723 SkolnikM.RadarHandbook.Secondedition.NewYork:Mc-Graw-hill,1990.15.1~15.694 KlemmR.Adaptivecluttersuppressionforairbornephasedarrayradars.IEEProceedings-F,1983,130(1):125~1325 .STAP:[].:,1999.GROUNDCLUTTERMODELSANDSIMULATIONFORTWOTYPESOFAIRBORNERADARSSuWeimin SunHongbo GuHong LiuGuosui(ResearchCenterofElectronicEngineeringandTechnologyNanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Nanjing,210094)Abstract Discussesthegroundcluttermodelandsimulationforairborneradars.Dopplerandscatteringcharacteristicsofgroundclutterforairborneradarsareanalyzed.BasedonthecluttermodelproposedbyKlemmR,groundclutterenergydistributionarethendiscussedusingspace-timetwodimensionalspectrumaccordingtodifferentfeaturesofairborneearlywarningradarandsyntheticapertureradarrespectively.Twogroundcluttermodelsandsimulationmethodsarepresentedondifferentconditions.Thetwomodelspresentedaresimpleandpracticable.RadardatacollectedbytheMountainTopProjectUSAandanair-borneexperimentalradarareusedtotestifytheabovetwomodels.Comparisonofresultshasprovedtheirapplicability.Keywords airborneearlywarningradar,airbornesyntheticapertureradar,groundclutter328 兵 工 学 报 23