机不可失

1Unit1FightingwiththeForcesofNatureTextATheIcyDefender2Proverbs:Opportunityknocksatthedooronlyonce.机不可失，失不再来。Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.生活没有目标就像航海没有罗盘。Talentscomefromdiligence,andknowledgeisgainedbyaccumulation.天才来自于勤奋，知识来自于积累。3EverydayEnglish:----Areyoupullingmyleg?你在开玩笑吗？/你是在骗我吧？A:Theyjustdiscoveredgoldinmyyard!B:You’repullingmyleg!----Whateveryousay.随便你。/你怎么说都行。A:I’vedecidedtobuyastereoinsteadofthatusedcar.B:Whateveryousay---it’syourmoney.4NewWordsBleaka.1.withoutanythingtomakeyoufeelhappyorhopefule.g.ableakfuture/prospectThecompanystillhopestofindabuyer,butthefuturelooksbleak.2.coldandwithoutanypleasantorcomfortablefeatures5e.g.ableakJanuaryafternoonThelandscapewasbleakandbare.quartervt.1.Tocutordividesth.intofourpartse.g.Quarterthetomatoesandplacethemroundthedish.2.Toprovidesb.withaplacetosleepandeat,esp.soldiers[usu.passive]e.g.Oursoldiersarequarteredinthatregion.6stroken.1.anactofhittinge.g.Thefarmerwasstruckbyastrokeoflightningandkilled.Themankilledhiswifewithonestrokeoftheaxe.2.Oneofasetofmovementsinswimmingorrowinginwhichyoumoveyourarmsortheoarforwardandthenbacke.g.Sheswamwithstrongsteadystrokes.Hehasnotdoneastrokeofworktoday.73.Ifsomeonehasastroke,anarteryintheirbrainsuddenlyburstsorbecomesblocked,sothattheymaydieorbeunabletousesomemusclese.g.Shediedfollowingamassivestroke.Ilookedaftermyfatherafterhehad/sufferedastroke.4.Asinglemovementofapenorbrushwhenyouarewritingorpaintinge.g.Afewstrokesofherpenbroughtouthisfeaturesclearly.Patcrossedoutthemistakewithastrokeofherpen.8Relatedphrases:on/atthestrokeofseven/nine=atexactlyseveno’clocke.g.Shearrivedhomeonthestrokeofmidnight.Thebellhammeredsixstrokes.strokeofluck/fortune=sth.luckythathappenstoyouunexpectedlye.g.In/byastrokeofluck,asuitableorgandonorbecameavailable.9strokeofgenius/inspiration=averygoodideaaboutwhattodotosolveaprobleme.g.ItwasastrokeofgeniustofilmthemovieinToronto.strokeV.topassthehandgentlyoverasurface,usu.Repeatedly抚摸，轻抚e.g.Hestrokedherhairaffectionately.Shelovinglyreachedoutandstrokedtheboy’scheekwiththetipsofherfingers.10renderv.1.Tocausesb./sth.tobeinaspecifiedconditionsth.+render+n.+adj.e.g.Hisstammerrenderedhimunfitforateachingjob.2.Togivesth.suchasaservice,apersonalopinion,topeoplerendersth.tosb./rendersb.sthe.g.Wearereadytorendertheirassistancetothem.11PhrasesandExpressionsPridecomesbeforeafall.inthecaseof[incase],[incaseof]stand/get/beinthewaybepreparedforadevastatingenemy/storm/argumentlaunchanattack/offensive/counterattackagainstmowdown12cometotheaidofshortlyafterwardsdecisivevictorybe/becomeboggeddownsupplylinesbefacedwithkeepone’sarmyinsomewheretakethegambleofpresson/aheadmeetinfiercebattlebynightfall13retreattosafetyhaveaclearpathtosomewhereanemptyvictoryaragingfirebideone’stimetakeilldragonbyastrokeofluckatthecostofscorchtheearthcloseinon14runoutstarvetodeathslowdownbringsth.toahaltturnthetideagainstthankstoheadforbereckonedwithtakeone’s/atoll15SentenceStructureIn1941,AdolfHitler,…,asRussiathenwascalled.(L7—L8)本句中asRussiathenwascalled是由as引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰SovietUnion。As用作关系代词时，（1）可以引导非限制性定语从句，代替先行词或整个主句；（2）可以引导限制性定语从句，其先行词的前面通常有such,thesame修饰，构成thesame…as,such…as结构。16e.g.Sophiawasnotunconscious,ascouldbejudgedfromhereyes.Sheneverrememberedtohavesuchwearinessasshefeltnow.Therewasalookoffearinhereyes,suchaspeoplehavewhentheyaresuddenlyawakened.Youmustshowmywifethesamerespectasyoushowme.17TopicsfordiscussionTrytodescribethenaturaldisastersyouhavereadorheardabout.Hints:Earthquake,flood,typhoon,tornado;ragingfire,drought,tsunami(海啸)Thecauseofthedisaster;whetherthedisastercanbecontrolledbyhumanbeings;therelationshipbetweenmanandnature.18ManandNature---Itisself-evidentthatmandependsonnatureforsurvivalanddevelopment.Almosteverythingmanpossessesderivesfromnature.Itisnaturethathasshapedmanhimselfandhiscivilization…---Ironically,thehistoryofthedevelopmentofhumancivilizationsisalsoahistoryofman’sincreasingdestructionofnature…19Warm-upQuestions:Whatdoes“theicydefender”refertointhearticle?WhycanNapoleonoccupyMoscoweasily?HowmanysoldiershadbeendeadwhenNapoleoncametoParis?WhydidStalininstructpeopleto“scorchtheearth”?HowlonghadLeningradbeensiegedbyHitler?Whatcanyoulearnfromthetwocampaigns?20Summary---In1812,Napoleonledhisarmy…---In1941,Hitlerbegananinvasion…---Conclusion:Theauthorquotestwo…inbothofwhich…playedadecisiverole…toillustratethat…21WritingStyle---ahistoricexposition---threeparts:---atypicalwritingstyleofanewspaperormagazinereport---waysofdevelopingexpositorypara.(fromgeneraltoparticular,fromparticulartogeneral,fromthewholetoitsparts,fromquestiontoanswer,22WritingStylefromeffecttocause/causetoeffect,categoryorder,orderofcomparisonorcontrast,ororderofimportance)---inourtext,theparagraphsaredevelopedin…---TheauthorgivesacontrastontwomilitarycampaignsandtwodifferentRussiantactics.23具体应用――四级对比型作文的写法1.整体比较的写作模式是TheobjectstobecomparedMypreferenceforObjectAoverObjectBTheadvantagesofObjectAPoint1----point2----point3DisadvantagesofObjectBPoint1----point2----poi