温室大棚温度PLC控制系统设计

车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书I温室大棚温度PLC控制系统设计摘要温室，是用来栽培植物的设施，它能改变植物的生长环境，避免外界四季变化和恶劣气候对作物生长的不利影响，为植物生长创造适宜的条件。随着科学技术的迅速发展，农业应用技术越来越受到重视，特别是温室大棚已经成为高效农业的一个重要组成部分。如何利用科学技术有效地控制温室内的各种环境因数，以提高温室大棚环境的控制效果，已成为目前我国温室业研究的重点课题之一。这对我国温室产业的发展有着不可估量的重要意义。本文主要介绍了基于西门子公司S7-200系列的可编程控制器（PLC）和MCGS组态软件的温室大棚温度PLC控制系统设计方案。该研究中，将采用温度传感器、光照传感器、CO2浓度传感器对温室中各项环境指标进行检测，并将测量值送入PLC中，由PLC将其与设定值进行比较，再发出相应的指令驱动执行设备来调节温室内的环境参数，从而实现温室的智能化、自动化控制。在此基础上，采用MCGS组态软件完成了控制系统的组态设计，实现了动态演示、过程监测、数据记录、曲线显示等功能，从而实现了控制系统操作的人性化和过程的可视化，为温室大棚的发展提供了新的方向。关键词：温室，环境，控制，可编程控制器，组态车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书IITHEDESIGNOFGREEHOUSETEMPERATURECONTROLEDBYPLCABSTRACTGreenhouseisusedasacultivatedplantsfacility,whichcanalterplantgrowthenvironment,toavoidtheadverseeffectswhichiscausedbybadweatheroutsideandthechangingseasons,forthecreationofappropriateconditionsforplantgrowth.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,agriculturalapplicationshasreceivedincreasingattentionandgreenhouseshasbecomeanimportantpartofefficientagriculture.Inordertoimproveenvironmentalcontroleffectinthegreenhouse,howtousetechnologytoeffectivelycontrolvariousenvironmentalfactorsofgreenhouse,hasbecomethefocusofthestudyforgreenhouseindustry.IthasimmeasurablesignificanceforChinagreenhouseindustry.ThispaperhasintroducedgreenhousecontrolsystemdesignwhichisbasedonSiemensS7-200seriesprogrammablelogiccontroller(PLC)andMCGS.Inthisstudy,usetemperaturesensor,lightsensor,CO2concentrationsensorfortestingvariousenvironmentalindicatorsingreenhouse,andsentthemeasuredvalueintothePLC,thePLCwillbecomparedwiththesetvalue,andthensendtheappropriateordertodriveexecutionequipmenttoregulategreenhouseenvironmentalparameters,inordertoachieveanintelligentandautomaticgreenhouse.Onthisbasis,usingMCGSconfigurationsoftwaretocompletetheconfigurationofthecontrolsystemdesign,toachieveadynamicpresentation,processmonitoring,alarm,dataloggingandotherfunctions,andthusachieveahumaneoperationofthecontrolsystemandprocessvisualization,andprovidesanewdirectionforthedevelopmentofgreenhouse.车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书IIIKEYWORDS:greenhouse,theenvironment,control,programmablelogiccontrollers,configuration车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书IV目录前言..................................................................................................1第一章绪论......................................................................................2§1.1课题概述.............................................................................2§1.1.1课题简介...................................................................2§1.1.2研究目的及意义.......................................................2§1.2国内外研究现状.................................................................3§1.2.1国内研究现状...........................................................3§1.2.2国外研究现状...........................................................5§1.3研究内容.............................................................................5第二章PLC概述..............................................................................7§2.1PLC简介.............................................................................7§2.1.1PLC的产生和应用....................................................7§2.1.2PLC的组成和工作原理............................................7§2.1.3PLC的分类及特点..................................................10§2.2PLC控制系统设计的基本原则及步骤.............................11§2.2.1PLC控制系统设计的基本原则...............................11§2.2.2PLC控制系统设计的步骤.......................................12第三章控制系统的总体设计方案.................................................14§3.1系统的设计任务...............................................................14§3.2系统的控制方案...............................................................14§3.3系统的工作原理...............................................................15第四章控制系统的硬件设计.........................................................16§4.1电气控制系统设计...........................................................16§4.1.1系统主电路设计.....................................................16§4.1.2系统控制电路设计.................................................17§4.2PLC硬件电路的设计........................................................20§4.2.1PLC型号选择..........................................................20§4.2.2PLCI/O地址分配....................................................21§4.2.3硬件接线图设计.....................................................22车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书V§4.3PLC的硬件配置................................................................23§4.3.1传感器.....................................................................23§4.3.2EM235模拟量输入/输出模块.................................24第五章控制系统的软件设计.........................................................28§5.1PLC程序设计的方法........................................................28§5.2编程软件STEP7-Micro/WIN概述.................................28§5.3控制系统的程序设计.......................................................29§5.3.1程序的设计思路.....................................................29§5.3.2控制程序流程图.....................................................29§5.4控制程序的仿真与调试...................................................36§5.4.1仿真软件简介.........................................................36§5.4.2